Çocuklarda Özellikli Hastalıklarda Görülen Kabızlığın Diyet Tedavisi
Özet
Kabızlık, çocukluk çağında en sık görülen gastrointestinal sorunlardan biri olup, özellikli hastalıklara sahip çocuklarda hastalığın kendisine, uygulanan tedavilere ve beslenme ile ilişkili faktörlere bağlı olarak daha sık görülmekte ve yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu bölümde, otizm spektrum bozukluğu, kronik böbrek hastalığı, çölyak hastalığı, nörolojik bozukluklar, serebral palsi, hirschsprung hastalığı ve kistik fibrozis gibi çocukluk çağında görülen özellikli hastalıklarda kabızlığın gelişim mekanizmaları ile tıbbi beslenme tedavisi yaklaşımları ele alınmıştır. Hastalığa özgü beslenme güçlükleri, diyet lifi ve sıvı alımı, besin seçiciliği, mikrobiyota değişiklikleri ve multidisipliner yaklaşımın önemi güncel literatür doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu hasta gruplarında kabızlığın yönetiminde hastalığa özgü gereksinimler, beslenme durumu ve gastrointestinal bulgular dikkate alınarak planlanan bireyselleştirilmiş tıbbi beslenme tedavisinin, bağırsak fonksiyonlarının düzenlenmesine, semptomların azaltılmasına, yaşam kalitesinin artırılmasına ve sağlıklı büyüme ile gelişmenin desteklenmesine önemli katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
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