Plastik Cerrahide Fotoğrafçılık: Temel Teknikler ve Standardizasyon

Thornton SM, Attaluri PK, Wirth PJ, et al. Picture Perfect: Standardizing and Safekeeping Clinical Photography in Plastic Surgery. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum. 2024;6:ojae012. doi:10.1093/asjof/ojae012

Oregi P, Cavale N, Khatib M, et al. The Ethics and Responsibilities of Social Media Usage by Plastic Surgeons: A Literature Review. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2024;48(3):530-542. doi:10.1007/s00266-023-03553-2

Dorfman RG, Vaca EE, Fine NA, et al. The ethics of sharing plastic surgery videos on social media: systematic literature review, ethical analysis, and proposed guidelines. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017;140(4):825-836. doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000003695

Chan N, Charette J, Dumestre DO, et al. Should ‘smart phones’ be used for patient photography? Plastic Surgery (Oakv). 2016;24(1):32-34. doi:10.1177/229255031602400109

Rogers BO. The first pre- and post-operative photographs of plastic and reconstructive surgery: contributions of Gurdon Buck (1807-1877). Aesthetic Plast Surg. 1991;15(1):19-33. doi:10.1007/BF02273830

Yavuzer R, Smirnes S, Jackson IT. Guidelines for standard photography in plastic surgery. Ann Plast Surg. 2001;46(3):293-300. doi:10.1097/00000637-200103000-00016.

Parsa S, Basagaoglu B, Mackley K, et al. Current and Future Photography Techniques in Aesthetic Surgery. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum. 2021;4:ojab050. doi:10.1093/asjof/ojab050

Deot N, Kiprovski A, Hatala A, et al. Evaluation of Mobile and Digital Single-Lens Reflex Photography for Facial Surgical Analysis. Laryngoscope. 2023;133(10):2590-2596. doi:10.1002/lary.30573

Galal, A. An analytical study on the modern history of digital photography. Int Des J. 2016;6(2): 203-215. doi: 10.12816/0036482

Vinokurova N, Kapoor R. The Problem of Sustaining a Successful Enterprise: Kodak’s Multiple Takes at Strategic Renewal that Culminated in Failure. Bus Hist Rev. 2025;99(1):3-38. doi:10.1017/S0007680525000236

Henshall J. Kodak Digital Cameras—The Kodak DCS100 and DCS200. (20.04.2026 tarihinde http://www.epi-centre.com/reports/9306cs.html adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Ünal A. Common Aperture DSLR Camera Design Approach with Diffractive Lens. GUJS Part C. 2025;13(1):143-153. doi:10.29109/gujsc.1564503

ElSayed SHAEK, Salama MGA, Hassan MMM. Developments of the viewfinder system in digital photographic cameras. J Archit Arts Humanist Sci. 2022;(Special Issue 4):834-849. doi:10.21608/MJAF.2021.91869.2464

Chitra P, Dudy NK, Verma S, Mishra G. A comparative analysis of DSLR and mirrorless cameras for dental photography. J Indian Orthod Soc. 2024;58(2):158-164. doi:10.1177/03015742241226517

Nikon. Dijital Fotoğraf Makinesi D7100 Kullanım Kılavuzu. (11.03.2026 tarihinde https://download.nikonimglib.com/archive2/oqwCN00LpZYO01SLRHs08YClF754/D7100_EU(Tr)02.pdf adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Hikami MW, Samatan N. Trends of transfer DSLR camera users to mirorless between students of the Faculty of Communications University of Gunadarma Karawaci. Int J Res Publ. 2022;112(1):207-221. doi:10.47119/IJRP10011211120224062

Shahrul AI. Mirrorless cameras in orthodontic practice. J Orthod. 2021;48(3):295-299. doi:10.1177/14653125211000055

Zoltie T. Mirrorless cameras for medical photography - time to switch?. J Vis Commun Med. 2018;41(3):103-108. doi:10.1080/17453054.2018.1491938

Rockwell K. Mirrorless vs. DSLR. (11.03.2026 tarihinde https://kenrockwell.com/tech/mirrorless-vs-dslr.htm adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Lawton R. DSLR vs mirrorless cameras: which format is best, and why?. (16.03.2026 tarihinde https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/features/dslr-vs-mirrorless-cameras-how-do-they-compare adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Zhang Y, Liu L, Gong W, et al. Autofocus system and evaluation methodologies: A literature review. Sens Mater. 2018;30(5):1165-1174. doi:10.18494/SAM.2018.1785

Nazari A. Photography and documentation in maxillofacial surgery. In: Keyhan SO, Bohluli B, Fallahi HR, Khojasteh A, Fattahi T. (eds). Handbook of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland; 2024. p. 1-60. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36962-9_280-1

Chen BR, Poon E, Alam M. Photography in Dermatologic Surgery: Selection of an Appropriate Lighting Solution for a Particular Clinical Application. Dermatol Surg. 2018;44(1):106-114. doi:10.1097/DSS.0000000000001303

Fakhro AA, Farhan A. Smartphone Photography in Plastic Surgery: Advancements, Ethics, and Best Practices. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum. 2025;7:ojaf065. doi:10.1093/asjof/ojaf065

Apple. iPhone 17 Pro ve iPhone 17 Pro Max – Teknik Özellikler. (14.04.2026 tarihinde https://www.apple.com/tr/iphone-17-pro/specs/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Wadhwa N, Garg R, Jacobs DE, et al. Synthetic depth-of-field with a single-camera mobile phone. ACM Trans Graph. 2018;37(4): 64:1-64:13. doi:10.1145/3197517.3201329

Ashique KT, Kaliyadan F, Aurangabadkar SJ. Clinical photography in dermatology using smartphones: An overview. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2015;6(3):158-163. doi: 10.4103/2229-5178.156381

Alnasser Y, Grande N, Masood F, et al. Be smart and use smartphones for telemedicine: narrative review. Mhealth. 2025;11:39. doi:10.21037/mhealth-24-71

Rizvi SMH, Schopf T, Sangha A, et al. Teledermatology in Norway using a mobile phone app. PLoS One. 2020;15(4):e0232131. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0232131

Mullen KM, Fox-Alvarez WA, Richardson R, et al. Efficacy of ethylene oxide-sterilized waterproof cases for handheld cameras as sterile barriers for intraoperative imaging and recording. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2021;259(7):777-784. doi:10.2460/javma.259.7.777

Ignatov A, Kobyshev N, Timofte R, et al. DSLR-quality photos on mobile devices with deep convolutional networks. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). Piscataway (NJ): IEEE; 2017. p. 3297-3305. doi:10.1109/ICCV.2017.354

Canon Inc. Interchangeable lenses. (08.04.2026 tarihinde https://global.canon/en/technology/canon-tech/tech/iclenses/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Cooper EA, Piazza EA, Banks MS. The perceptual basis of common photographic practice. J Vis. 2012;12(5):8. doi:10.1167/12.5.8

Galdino GM, DaSilva And D, Gunter JP. Digital photography for rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002;109(4):1421-1434. doi:10.1097/00006534-200204010-00035

Apaydin F, Fernández-Pellón García R. Photography in rhinoplasty. In: Khan HA, Frame JD, Bagheri SC, Bohluli B (eds). Rhinoplasty: A Case-Based Approach. Philadelphia (PA): Elsevier; 2023. p. 20-22. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-69775-0.00004-4

Şen Z, Kaya B, Serel S, et al. Photographic standardization in esthetic surgery. Ankara Univ Tip Fak Mecm. 2005;58(1):5-10. doi:10.1501/Tipfak_0000000135

Ong CT, Yap JF, Wai YZ, et al. A Review Of Oculoplastic Photography: A Guide For Clinician Photographers. Cureus. 2016;8(8):e733. doi:10.7759/cureus.733

Barco L, Ribera M, Casanova JM. Guía para la compra de una cámara fotográfica para Dermatología [Guide to buying a camera for dermatological photography]. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2012;103(6):502-510. doi:10.1016/j.ad.2012.01.004

Na Y, Ryu J, Choi H. Novel Optical Design of Large Aperture Supported Standard Wide Zoom Lens. Sensors (Basel). 2025;25(16):4927. doi:10.3390/s25164927

Fujifilm Shop. Orta format nedir? (08.04.2026 tarihinde https://global.canon/en/technology/canon-tech/tech/iclenses/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Shah AR, Dayan SH, Hamilton GS 3rd. Pitfalls of photography for facial resurfacing and rejuvenation procedures. Facial Plast Surg. 2005;21(2):154-161. doi:10.1055/s-2005-872417

Steffens CR, Huttner V, Messias LRV, et al. CNN-based luminance and color correction for ill-exposed images. In: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). Piscataway (NJ): IEEE; 2019. p. 3252-3256. doi:10.1109/ICIP.2019.8803546

Fujifilm. What is sync speed? (08.04.2026 tarihinde https://www.fujifilm-x.com/en-gb/learning-centre/what-is-sync-speed/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Bernacki J. Automatic exposure algorithms for digital photography. Multimed Tools Appl. 2020;79(17-18):12751-12776. doi:10.1007/s11042-019-08318-1

Moon WL. Depth of field and magnification. J Mov Image Technol Assoc Korea. 2010;1(12):25-41. doi:10.34269/mitak.2010.1.12.002

Schwartz MS, Tardy ME Jr. Standardized photodocumentation in facial plastic surgery. Facial Plast Surg. 1990;7(1):1-12. doi:10.1055/s-2008-1064657

Harikrishnan S, Dinesh S, Sivakumar A, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Various Lens and Ring Flash Combination for Intraoral Photography. Niger J Clin Pract. 2023;26(12):1800-1807. doi:10.4103/njcp.njcp_120_23

Becker DG, Tardy ME Jr. Standardized photography in facial plastic surgery: pearls and pitfalls. Facial Plast Surg. 1999;15(2):93-99. doi:10.1055/s-2008-1064305

Taritsa IC, Schuster KA, Foppiani J, et al. Pre- and Postoperative Visualization in Rhinoplasty: Effects of LED Light Panels in Aesthetic Photography on Image Integrity. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2026;50(3):987-990. doi:10.1007/s00266-025-05360-3

Swamy RS, Sykes JM, Most SP. Principles of photography in rhinoplasty for the digital photographer. Clin Plast Surg. 2010;37(2):213-221. doi:10.1016/j.cps.2009.12.003

Papel I, Frodel J, Holt R, et al. Photography in facial plastic surgery. In: Papel ID, (ed). Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 3rd ed. New York: Thieme; 2009. p. 144-145. doi:10.1055/b-002-72248

Barut Ç, Ayoğlu FN, Kargı E, Barut A. Medical photography: basic techniques and standardization. MediForum. 2003;1(2):89-96.

Weidman AA, Valentine L, Stearns SA, et al. Patient Comfort with Before and After Photography at Plastic Surgery Offices. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2024;48(15):2895-2901. doi:10.1007/s00266-024-03938-x

Hassenstein MJ, Jung K. Ten simple rules for effective research data management. PLoS Comput Biol. 2025;21(12):e1013779. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013779

Henderson JL, Larrabee WF Jr, Krieger BD. Photographic standards for facial plastic surgery. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2005;7(5):331-333. doi:10.1001/archfaci.7.5.331

Sağlık Bakanlığı. Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Tanıtım ve Bilgilendirme Faaliyetleri Hakkında Yönetmelik. (03.02.2026 tarihinde Available from: https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Persichetti P, Simone P, Langella M, et al. Digital photography in plastic surgery: how to achieve reasonable standardization outside a photographic studio. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2007;31(2):194-200. doi:10.1007/s00266-006-0125-5

Gu JT, Hu A, Oh C, et al. A New Method for Photocephalometry. JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2018;20(1):81-82. doi:10.1001/jamafacial.2017.0426

Institute of Medical Illustrators. IMI National Guidelines: A Guide to Good Practice—Rhinoplasty and Septorhinoplasty. Version 2. London: Institute of Medical Illustrators; 2019. (05.01.2026 tarihinde https://www.imi.org.uk/resources/professional-resources/national-guidelines/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Beiraghi-Toosi A, Rezaei E, Zanjani E. Relationship between Hyperactivity of Depressor Septi Nasi Muscle and Changes of Alar Base and Flaring during Smile. World J Plast Surg. 2016;5(1):45-50.

Rajabi MT, Gholipour F, Ramezani K, et al. "The influence of orbital vector on involutional entropion and ectropion". Orbit. 2018;37(1):53-58. doi:10.1080/01676830.2017.1363786

Kashkouli MB, Abdolalizadeh P, Abolfathzadeh N, et al. Periorbital facial rejuvenation; applied anatomy and pre-operative assessment. J Curr Ophthalmol. 2017;29(3):154-168. doi:10.1016/j.joco.2017.04.001

Acharya S, Gupta C, Palimar V, et al. Morphological And Morphometric analysis of Human External Ear with Its Implications in Sex and Stature Estimation -- A Preliminary Observational Study. F1000Res. 2025;14:119. doi:10.12688/f1000research.160629.3

Mahn E, Sampaio CS, Pereira da Silva B, et al. Comparing the use of static versus dynamic images to evaluate a smile. J Prosthet Dent. 2020;123(5):739-746. doi:10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.02.023

Wong MS, Vinyard WJ. Photographic standards for the massive weight loss patient. Ann Plast Surg. 2014;73 Suppl 1:S82-S87. doi:10.1097/SAP.0000000000000249

Dietl M, Kompatscher P. Basic Photographic Standards for Abdominal Contouring Procedures and Abdominoplasty/Lipectomy. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2018;42(4):1065-1070. doi:10.1007/s00266-018-1143-9

Prantl L, Brandl D, Ceballos P. A Proposal for Updated Standards of Photographic Documentation in Aesthetic Medicine. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2017;5(8):e1389. doi:10.1097/GOX.0000000000001389

Institute of Medical Illustrators. IMI National Guidelines: Breast Photography Guidelines. London: Institute of Medical Illustrators; 2012. (05.01.2026 tarihinde https://www.imi.org.uk/resources/professional-resources/national-guidelines/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Guler SA, Demir O. The Art of Medical Photography in Breast Surgery: Clinical, Intra-operative and Specimen Photography - Standards and Recommendations. Chirurgia (Bucur). 2021;116(2 Suppl):35-44.

Fracol M, Feld LN, Chiu WK, et al. An overview of animation deformity in prosthetic breast reconstruction. Gland Surg. 2019;8(1):95-101. doi:10.21037/gs.2018.09.09

Gherardini G, Matarasso A, Serure AS, et al. Standardization in photography for body contour surgery and suction-assisted lipectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1997;100(1):227-237. doi:10.1097/00006534-199707000-00034

Wang K, Kowalski EJ, Chung KC. The art and science of photography in hand surgery. J Hand Surg Am. 2014;39(3):580-588. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2013.03.038

Uzun M, Bülbül M, Toker S, et al. Medical photography: principles for orthopedics. J Orthop Surg Res. 2014;9:23. doi:10.1186/1749-799X-9-23

Cromey DW. Avoiding twisted pixels: ethical guidelines for the appropriate use and manipulation of scientific digital images. Sci Eng Ethics. 2010;16(4):639-667. doi:10.1007/s11948-010-9201-y