Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi Erişkin Populasyonda Ankete Dayalı Besin Alerji Prevelansı
Özet
Amaç: Erişkinlerde besin alerjisi hakkında sınırlı ve tutarsız bilgiler vardır. Sosyokültürel durumlar ve diyet alışkanlıkları bu tutarsızlığı açıklayabilir. Bu çalışmada genel yetişkin popuklasyonda kendisinde besin alerjisi olduğunu düşünenlerin prevelansını bulmak amaçlanmıştır.
Metod: Kesitsel web tabanlı anket çalışması planlandı. Besin alımını takiben gelişen sağlık sorunlarını ile ilişkili 12 soruyu kapsayan anket hazırlandı. Türkiye’de Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi erişkin populasyonu hedef kitle olarak seçildi. Anket 3 ay süresince yerel sanal yazılı medyada yayınlanarak katılımcıların doldurması sağlandı.
Sonuçlar: Çalışma populasyonu anketi gönüllü olarak dolduran 920 (VK/E:V604/316) kişiden oluşturuldu. Ortalama yaş 38,9 +_15,2 (18-88) idi. En az bir ek atopik hastalık katılımcıların oranı %36’ı ve birinci derece akrabalarında en az bir atopik hastalık olanların oranı ise %28.5 idi. Katılımcıların 157’ si (%17) kendisinde besin alerjisi olduğunu belirtti, kendisinde besin alerjisi olduğunu söyleyenler arasında cinsiyet açısından anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi. En sık alerjen besinler baharat (%15), domates (%10,9), inek sütü (%7,5) turunçgiller (%4,1) olarak tespit edildi. En sık semptomalr ürtiker (%63,5), gastrointestinal semptomlar (%30,2), rinit (%15,1), oral alerji sendromu (% 11,3 ) olarak bildirildi. Genç yaş (p= 0.004), kendisinde veya ailesinde atopik hastalık varlığı (p=0.001) besin alerjisi gelişimi için risk faktörü olarak bulundu.
Çıkarım: Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde erişkin populasyonda besin alerji prevelansı %17 olarak oldukça yüksek tespit edildi.
Background: There is limited data on the prevalence of food hypersensitivity (FH) in adult population. Sociocultural conditions and dietary habits may be responsible for the discordance. The aim of the study was to determine the self-reported prevalence of FH in general adult population.
Method: A cross-sectional web-based structured survey was designed. The questionnaire was consisted of 12 items related to complaints about the food intake. Adults born, raised and still living in the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey were chosen as a targeted population. Several invitations were made on the local virtual media during 3 months in the previous year.
Results: The study population consisted of 920 (F/M: 604/316) subjects who answered voluntarily. The mean age was 38.9±15.2 (18-88) years. At least one atopic comorbidity was determined 36% of the subjects and 28.5% of their first-degree relatives. FH was reported by 157 (17.3%) subjects among them without statistical significant differences related to gender. The most allergen foods were spicery (15%), tomato (10.9%), cow milk (7.5%) and citrus fruit (4.1%). The most common reported symptom was urticaria (63.5%) followed by gastrointestinal symptoms (30.2%), worsening of rhinitis (15.1%) and oral allergy symptoms (11.3%). We found younger age (p=0.004), personal and familial history of any atopic disease (p=0.001) as a risk factor for having FH.
Conclusion: The prevalence of self-reported FH based on web based survey in Eastern Black Sea residents is relatively high and specific to the region.
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