Yenidoğanda Sık Görülen Oftalmolojik Hastalıklar ve Multidisipliner Yönetimleri
Özet
Yenidoğan dönemi görsel gelişimin hızlı olduğu kritik bir zaman dilimidir. Bu nedenle kalıcı görme kaybı ve ambliyopi açısından yüksek risk taşır. Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinde (YYBÜ) en sık karşılaşılan üç ana başlık prematüre retinopatisi (ROP), yenidoğan konjonktiviti ve konjenital oküler malformasyonlardır. Bu bölüm ROP’da patofizyoloji, sınıflama, tarama ve tedavi seçeneklerini; konjonktivitlerde etken, ayırıcı tanı ve tedaviyi; seçilmiş konjenital oküler malformasyonlarda tanı ve tedaviyi içermektedir. TR-ROP çalışması (1) ve Türkiye Prematüre Retinopatisi Rehberi (2) baz alınarak, uluslararası kılavuzlarla uyumlu bir tarama ve tedavi rehberi oluşturulması hedeflenmiştir.
The neonatal period is a critical time during which visual development progresses rapidly. Therefore, it carries a high risk for permanent vision loss and amblyopia. The three main ophthalmologic conditions most commonly encountered in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), neonatal conjunctivitis, and congenital ocular malformations. This chapter covers the pathophysiology, classification, screening, and treatment options for ROP; the etiologic agents, differential diagnosis, and treatment of conjunctivitis; and the diagnosis and management of selected congenital ocular malformations. Based on the TR-ROP study (1) and the Turkish Guideline for Retinopathy of Prematurity (2), it aims to provide a screening and treatment guide that is compatible with international guidelines.
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