Felin Granulositotropik Anaplazmozis
Özet
Felin granülositotropik anaplazmozis, kedilerde başlıca nötrofilleri enfekte eden Anaplasma phagocytophilum kaynaklı, kene aracılı bir hastalıktır. Anaplasmataceae familyasına ait, gram-negatif ve zorunlu hücre içi bir bakteri olan etken, Ixodes türü keneler tarafından bulaştırılır; bulaşmanın gerçekleşmesi için kenenin konakla 24–48 saat temas hâlinde olması gereklidir. Kedilerde hastalık genellikle hafif ve geçici seyirli olup, ateş, iştahsızlık, halsizlik, dehidrasyon ve bazen topallık gibi spesifik olmayan klinik bulgularla kendini gösterir. Laboratuvar incelemelerinde hafif veya orta derecede trombositopeni, anemi ve lenfopeni gözlenir. Tanıda, kan veya buffy-coat yaymalarında intrasitoplazmik inklüzyonlar, serolojik testler (IFAT, ELISA) ve ticari SNAP testleri kullanılmaktadır; ancak çapraz reaksiyonlar ve test uyumsuzlukları göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Tedavide tetrasiklinler, özellikle doksisiklin, öncelikli olarak tercih edilir. Bazı durumlarda ampisilin veya amoksisilin-klavulanik asit ile destek tedavi uygulanabilir. Kedilerde korunma ve halk sağlığı açısından kene kontrolü büyük önem taşır. Rezervuar oluşumunu önlemek, maruziyet riskini azaltmak ve endemik bölgelerde klinik şüpheli kedilerin taranması, hem veteriner hekimlik hem de halk sağlığı açısından kritik öneme sahiptir.
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