Gastroenteroloji

Tetzlaff JE, Vargo JJ, Maurer W. Nonoperating room anesthesia for the gastrointestinal endoscopy suite. Anesthesiol Clin. 2014;32(2):387-94.

Weiss MS, Dripps RD. Non-Operating Room Anesthesia: 1st ed Philadelphia Elsveir inc. 2015;126-30.

Henriksson AM, Thakrar SV. Anaesthesia and sedation for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. BJA Educ. 2022;22(10):372-5.

Ferlitsch M, Hassan C, Bisschops R, Bhandari P, Dinis-Ribeiro M, Risio M, et al. Colorectal polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline. Endoscopy. 2024;56(7):516-45.

Enestvedt BK, Eisen GM, Holub J, Lieberman DA. Is the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification useful in risk stratification for endoscopic procedures? Gastrointest Endosc. 2013;77(3):464-71.

Lamperti M, Romero CS, Guarracino F, Cammarota G, Vetrugno L, Tufegdzic B et al. Preoperative assessment of adults undergoing elective noncardiac surgery: updated guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2025;42(1):1-35.

Neelankavil JP, Thompson A, Mhakan A. Managing cardiovascular ımplantable electronic devices (CIEDs) during perioperative care. Circulation. 2013;28(2):29-48.

Gotoda T, Akamatsu T, Abe S, Shimatani M, Nakai Y, Hatta W. Guidelines for sedation in gastroenterological endoscopy. Digestive Endoscopy. 2023;33(1):21–53.

Thompson A, Fleischmann E, Smilowitz RN, Fuentes L, Mukherjee D, Aggarwal NR, et al. Guideline for perioperative cardiovascular management for noncardiac surgery: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2024;150(19):351–442.

Hinkelbein J, Lamperti M, Akeson J, Santos J, Costa J, Robertis EE, et al. European Society of Anaesthesiology and European Board of Anaesthesiology guidelines for procedural sedation and analgesia in adults. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2018;35(1):6–24.

Thuluvath PJ. Toward safer sedation in patients with cirrhosis: have we done enough? Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;70(2):269–71.

Mao W, Wei XQ, Tao J, Zhen FP, Wen ZF, Wu B. The safety of combined sedation with propofol plus fentanyl for endoscopy screening and endoscopic variceal ligation in cirrhotic patients. J Dig Dis. 2014;15(3):124–30.

Agrawal A, Sharma BC, Sharma P, Uppal R, Sarin SK. Randomized controlled trial for endoscopy with propofol versus midazolam on psychometric tests and critical flicker frequency in people with cirrhosis. J of Gastroenter and Hepat. 2012;27(11):1726–32.

Amorós A, Aparicio JR, Garmendia M, Casellas JA, Martínez J, Jover R. Deep sedation with propofol does not precipitate hepatic encephalopathy during elective upper endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;70(2):262–8.

Correia LM, Bonilha DQ, Gomez FG, Brito JR, Nakao FS, Lenz L. Sedation during upper GI endoscopy in cirrhotic outpatients: a randomized, controlled trial comparing propofol and fentanyl with midazolam and fentanyl. Gastrointest Endosc. 2011;73(1):45-51.

Amornyotin S. Sedation-related complications in gastrointestinal endoscopy. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2013;5(11):527.

Robbertze R, Posner KL, Domino KB. Closed claims review of anesthesia for procedures outside the operating room. Curr Opin Anesthesiol. 2006;19(4):436-42.

Martindale SJ. Review anaesthetic considerations during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2006;34(4):475-80.

Sidhu R, Turnbull D, Haboubi H, Leeds JS, Healey C, Hebbar S, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy. Gut 2023;73:1–27.

Kim SH, Bang S, Lee YK, Park W, Park Y, Lee S. Comparison of high flow nasal oxygen and conventional nasal cannula during gastrointestinal endoscopic sedation in the prone position: a randomized trial. Can J of Anesth. 2021;68(4):460–6.

Thompson DR. Narcotic analgesic effects on the sphincter of Oddi: a review of the data and therapeutic implications in treating pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96(4):1266–72.

Wu SD, Zhang Z, Jin Z, Kong J, Wang W, Zhang Q. Effects of narcotic analgesic drugs on human Oddi’s sphincter motility. World J Gastroenterol. 2004;10(19):2901–04.

Tang R, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Ma X, Yu H, Song K. Efficacy and safety of sedation with dexmedetomidine in adults undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14(0):1241714.

Tekeli AE, Oǧuz AK, Tunçdemir YE, Almali N. Comparison of dexmedetomidine-propofol and ketamine-propofol administration during sedation-guided upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy. Medicine. 2020;99(49):e23317.

Deng J, Yu YF, Tang ZG, Lei HJ, Tan CC. Efficacy and safety of low-dose esketamine for painless gastrointestinal endoscopy in adults: a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2024;15(0):1364546.

Zhu X, Wang H, Yuan S, Li Y, Jia Y, Zhang Z. Efficacy and safety of remimazolam in endoscopic sedation—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med. 2021;8(0):655042.

Chen SH, Yuan MT, Zhang J, Bai H, Tian M, Pan CX, Bao HG. Remimazolam tosilate in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a multicenter, randomized, non-nferiority, phase III trial. J of Gastroenterol and Hepat. 2021;36(2):474–81.

Tan Y, Ouyang W, Tang Y, Fang N, Fang C, Quan C. Effect of remimazolam tosilate on early cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. J of Gastroenterol and Hepat. 2022;37(3):576–83.

Skiljic S, Budrovac D, Cicvaric A, Neskovic N, Kvolik S. Advances in analgosedation and periprocedural care for gastrointestinal endoscopy. MDPI Life 2023;13(2):1-13.

Welliver M, Rugari SM. New drug, fospropofol disodium: a propofol prodrug. AANA Journal. 2009;77(4):301-8.

Fechner J, Schwilden H, Schüttler J. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of GPI 15715 or fospropofol (Aquavan injection)—a water-soluble propofol prodrug. Handbook of experimental Pharmacology 2008;182:253–66.

Hao L, Xibei H, Bingqing Z, Wanhong L, Xiang H, Fang K, et al. Clinical observation of the combined use of propofol and etomidate in painless gastroscopy. Medicine 2020;99(45):E23061.

Tumin D, Ladin DA, Ledoux M. Glycopyrrolate premedication and procedure-related events in pediatric upper endoscopy. Clin Pediatr 2025;64(5):703–11.

Hofley MA, Hofley PM, Keon TP, Gallagher PR, Poon C, Liacouras CA. A placebo-controlled trial using intravenous atropine as an adjunct to conscious sedation in pediatric esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc1995;42(5):457–60.

Carron M, Tamburini E, Fakhr BS, De Cassai A, Linassi F, Navalesi P. High-flow nasal oxygenation during gastrointestinal endoscopy. Systematic review and meta-analysis. BJA Open 2022;18(4):1-9.

Apfelbaum JL, Gross JB, Connis RT, Agarkar M, Arnold DE, Cote CJ. Practice guidelines for moderate procedural sedation and analgesia. Anesthesiology 2018;128(3):437–79.

Amornyotin S, Sedation-related complications in gastrointestinal endoscopy. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2013;5(11):527-33.

Tetzlaff JE, Vargo JJ, Maurer W. Nonoperating room anesthesia for the gastrointestinal endoscopy suite. Anesthesiol Clin. 2014;32(2):387-94.

Weiss MS, Dripps RD. Non-Operating Room Anesthesia: 1st ed Philadelphia Elsveir inc. 2015;126-30.

Henriksson AM, Thakrar SV. Anaesthesia and sedation for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. BJA Educ. 2022;22(10):372-5.

Ferlitsch M, Hassan C, Bisschops R, Bhandari P, Dinis-Ribeiro M, Risio M, et al. Colorectal polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline. Endoscopy. 2024;56(7):516-45.

Enestvedt BK, Eisen GM, Holub J, Lieberman DA. Is the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification useful in risk stratification for endoscopic procedures? Gastrointest Endosc. 2013;77(3):464-71.

Lamperti M, Romero CS, Guarracino F, Cammarota G, Vetrugno L, Tufegdzic B et al. Preoperative assessment of adults undergoing elective noncardiac surgery: updated guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2025;42(1):1-35.

Neelankavil JP, Thompson A, Mhakan A. Managing cardiovascular ımplantable electronic devices (CIEDs) during perioperative care. Circulation. 2013;28(2):29-48.

Gotoda T, Akamatsu T, Abe S, Shimatani M, Nakai Y, Hatta W. Guidelines for sedation in gastroenterological endoscopy. Digestive Endoscopy. 2023;33(1):21–53.

Thompson A, Fleischmann E, Smilowitz RN, Fuentes L, Mukherjee D, Aggarwal NR, et al. Guideline for perioperative cardiovascular management for noncardiac surgery: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2024;150(19):351–442.

Hinkelbein J, Lamperti M, Akeson J, Santos J, Costa J, Robertis EE, et al. European Society of Anaesthesiology and European Board of Anaesthesiology guidelines for procedural sedation and analgesia in adults. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2018;35(1):6–24.

Thuluvath PJ. Toward safer sedation in patients with cirrhosis: have we done enough? Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;70(2):269–71.

Mao W, Wei XQ, Tao J, Zhen FP, Wen ZF, Wu B. The safety of combined sedation with propofol plus fentanyl for endoscopy screening and endoscopic variceal ligation in cirrhotic patients. J Dig Dis. 2014;15(3):124–30.

Agrawal A, Sharma BC, Sharma P, Uppal R, Sarin SK. Randomized controlled trial for endoscopy with propofol versus midazolam on psychometric tests and critical flicker frequency in people with cirrhosis. J of Gastroenter and Hepat. 2012;27(11):1726–32.

Amorós A, Aparicio JR, Garmendia M, Casellas JA, Martínez J, Jover R. Deep sedation with propofol does not precipitate hepatic encephalopathy during elective upper endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;70(2):262–8.

Correia LM, Bonilha DQ, Gomez FG, Brito JR, Nakao FS, Lenz L. Sedation during upper GI endoscopy in cirrhotic outpatients: a randomized, controlled trial comparing propofol and fentanyl with midazolam and fentanyl. Gastrointest Endosc. 2011;73(1):45-51.

Amornyotin S. Sedation-related complications in gastrointestinal endoscopy. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2013;5(11):527.

Robbertze R, Posner KL, Domino KB. Closed claims review of anesthesia for procedures outside the operating room. Curr Opin Anesthesiol. 2006;19(4):436-42.

Martindale SJ. Review anaesthetic considerations during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2006;34(4):475-80.

Sidhu R, Turnbull D, Haboubi H, Leeds JS, Healey C, Hebbar S, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy. Gut 2023;73:1–27.

Kim SH, Bang S, Lee YK, Park W, Park Y, Lee S. Comparison of high flow nasal oxygen and conventional nasal cannula during gastrointestinal endoscopic sedation in the prone position: a randomized trial. Can J of Anesth. 2021;68(4):460–6.

Thompson DR. Narcotic analgesic effects on the sphincter of Oddi: a review of the data and therapeutic implications in treating pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96(4):1266–72.

Wu SD, Zhang Z, Jin Z, Kong J, Wang W, Zhang Q. Effects of narcotic analgesic drugs on human Oddi’s sphincter motility. World J Gastroenterol. 2004;10(19):2901–04.

Tang R, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Ma X, Yu H, Song K. Efficacy and safety of sedation with dexmedetomidine in adults undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14(0):1241714.

Tekeli AE, Oǧuz AK, Tunçdemir YE, Almali N. Comparison of dexmedetomidine-propofol and ketamine-propofol administration during sedation-guided upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy. Medicine. 2020;99(49):e23317.

Deng J, Yu YF, Tang ZG, Lei HJ, Tan CC. Efficacy and safety of low-dose esketamine for painless gastrointestinal endoscopy in adults: a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2024;15(0):1364546.

Zhu X, Wang H, Yuan S, Li Y, Jia Y, Zhang Z. Efficacy and safety of remimazolam in endoscopic sedation—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med. 2021;8(0):655042.

Chen SH, Yuan MT, Zhang J, Bai H, Tian M, Pan CX, Bao HG. Remimazolam tosilate in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a multicenter, randomized, non-nferiority, phase III trial. J of Gastroenterol and Hepat. 2021;36(2):474–81.

Tan Y, Ouyang W, Tang Y, Fang N, Fang C, Quan C. Effect of remimazolam tosilate on early cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. J of Gastroenterol and Hepat. 2022;37(3):576–83.

Skiljic S, Budrovac D, Cicvaric A, Neskovic N, Kvolik S. Advances in analgosedation and periprocedural care for gastrointestinal endoscopy. MDPI Life 2023;13(2):1-13.

Welliver M, Rugari SM. New drug, fospropofol disodium: a propofol prodrug. AANA Journal. 2009;77(4):301-8.

Fechner J, Schwilden H, Schüttler J. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of GPI 15715 or fospropofol (Aquavan injection)—a water-soluble propofol prodrug. Handbook of experimental Pharmacology 2008;182:253–66.

Hao L, Xibei H, Bingqing Z, Wanhong L, Xiang H, Fang K, et al. Clinical observation of the combined use of propofol and etomidate in painless gastroscopy. Medicine 2020;99(45):E23061.

Tumin D, Ladin DA, Ledoux M. Glycopyrrolate premedication and procedure-related events in pediatric upper endoscopy. Clin Pediatr 2025;64(5):703–11.

Hofley MA, Hofley PM, Keon TP, Gallagher PR, Poon C, Liacouras CA. A placebo-controlled trial using intravenous atropine as an adjunct to conscious sedation in pediatric esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc1995;42(5):457–60.

Carron M, Tamburini E, Fakhr BS, De Cassai A, Linassi F, Navalesi P. High-flow nasal oxygenation during gastrointestinal endoscopy. Systematic review and meta-analysis. BJA Open 2022;18(4):1-9.

Apfelbaum JL, Gross JB, Connis RT, Agarkar M, Arnold DE, Cote CJ. Practice guidelines for moderate procedural sedation and analgesia. Anesthesiology 2018;128(3):437–79.

Amornyotin S, Sedation-related complications in gastrointestinal endoscopy. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2013;5(11):527-33.