Yapay Zekâ Çağında Kimliğin Algoritmikleşmesi
Özet
Bu bölüm, kimliğin tarihsel dönüşümünü geleneksel, modern ve postmodern yaklaşımlar üzerinden ele alarak, dijitalleşme ile birlikte ortaya çıkan algoritmik kimlik kavramını sosyolojik bir perspektifle analiz etmektedir. Klasik sosyolojik yaklaşımlarda kimlik, toplumsal etkileşimler ve kültürel normlar aracılığıyla şekillenen bir yapı olarak ele alınırken; dijital çağda bu süreç, veri, algoritma ve platform dinamikleriyle yeniden biçimlenmektedir. Sosyal medya ve dijital platformlar, artık yalnızca kimliğin temsil edildiği alanlar değil, aynı zamanda üretildiği ve yeniden düzenlendiği sosyoteknik ortamlar haline gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda kimlik, bireyin anlatılarından ziyade dijital izleri, davranış verileri ve Algoritmik sınıflandırmalar üzerinden tanımlanmakta; görünürlük, etkileşim ve dikkat ekonomisi içinde değer kazanmaktadır. Algoritmalar, Aktör-Ağ Kuramı çerçevesinde pasif araçlar değil, toplumsal ilişkileri şekillendiren aktif aktörler olarak değerlendirilmekte; bireylerin kendilik performanslarını, görünürlük stratejilerini ve özneleşme süreçlerini etkilemektedir. Gözetim kapitalizmi bağlamında ise kimlik, ekonomik değere dönüştürülen bir veri kaynağına indirgenmektedir. Sonuç olarak bu bölüm, kimliğin giderek daha dinamik, hesaplanabilir ve algoritmik olarak yönlendirilen bir yapıya dönüştüğünü ortaya koyarak, dijital çağda benliğin yeniden düşünülmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.
This chapter analyzes the historical transformation of identity through traditional, modern, and postmodern approaches, and examines the concept of algorithmic identity from a sociological perspective in the context of digitalization. While classical sociological theories understand identity as a structure shaped by social interactions and cultural norms, in the digital age this process is being reconfigured through data, algorithms, and platform dynamics. Digital platforms and social media are no longer merely spaces where identity is represented, but have become socio-technical environments where identity is produced and reorganized. In this context, identity is increasingly defined not by personal narratives but by digital traces, behavioral data, and algorithmic classifications, gaining value within the economy of visibility, interaction, and attention. Algorithms, within the framework of Actor-Network Theory, are not passive tools but active actors that shape social relations, influencing self-performance, visibility strategies, and processes of subject formation. Within the context of surveillance capitalism, identity is further reduced to a source of data that can be transformed into economic value. Ultimately, this chapter demonstrates that identity is becoming increasingly dynamic, calculable, and algorithmically governed, highlighting the need to rethink the self in the digital age.
Referanslar
Aksoy S. (2025) Rethinking AI: Power, Surveillance, and Democracy, Journal of Economic Sociology. Vol. 26. No 5. November.
Alkhazaleh S. M., Kamour M. Mostafa A., Abdel-Hadi S., Ali S.M., Al Qaruty R.(2025). Digital Identities and Social Inequality: A Sociological Analysis of Identity Formation in the Era of Algorithmic Surveillance. Studies in Media and Communication Vol. 13, No. 4; December.
Avcı Ü., Durak H.Y. (2025) . Exploring Social Media Burnout, Anxiety, And Self-Control in Turkish University Students: Gender And Engagement as Moderators. Information Development.
Beer D. (2019). The Data Gaze: Capitalism, Power and Perception, SAGE Publications Ltd.
Boyd D. (2014). It’s Complicated: The Social Lives of Networked Teens, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Brubaker R. (2020). Digital Hyperconnectivity and the Self. Theory Soc.49, 771–801.
Bucher T.(2018). If...Then Algorithmic Power and Politics, Oxford Studies in Digital Politics.
Cheney-Lippold, J. (2011). A new Algorithmic Identity: Soft Biopolitics and the Modulation of Control. Theory, Culture & Society, 28(6), 164–181.
Copeland B.J. (2026). Artificial Intelligence. https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence
D’Alton A. (2024). Data Grab: an interview with Nick Couldry and Ulises A. Mejias on their new book.
Franck G.(2018). The Economy of Attention. Journal of Sociology 6–18.
Gillespie Tarleton (2014). The Relevance of Algorithms Tarleton Gillespie forthcoming, in Media Technologies, ed. Pablo Boczkowski, and Kirsten Foot. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Goffman, E. (1959). The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Anchor Books.
Hall, S. (1996). Introduction: Who needs “identity”? In S. Hall & P. du Gay (Eds.), Questions of Cultural Identity (pp. 1–17). London: SAGE Publications.
Hogan B. (2010). The Presentation of Self in the Age of Social Media: Distinguishing Performances and Exhibitions Online. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society Volume 30, Issue 6.
Law J. (1992). Notes on the Theory of the Actor-Network: Ordering, Strategy, and Heterogeneity. Systems Practice, Vol. 5, No. 4.
Lyon D.(2018). Culture of Surveillance Watching As a Way of Life. John Wiley & Sons.
Mutlu S. (2020) Transformation of Identity from Traditional to Postmodern. Sociology and Society, 5 (1):57-72.
van Dijck, J. (2014). Datafication, Dataism and Dataveillance. Surveillance & Society, 12(2), 197–208.
Yevhen L. (2021). Freedom in the Age of Surveillance Capitalism: Lessons from Shoshana Zuboff, Ethics & Bioethics (in Central Europe), 211 (1–2), 67–81.
Zhong B., Song Y. , Feng G. C., Shi J. , Zhu Y. , Xie L. , Zhou W. A. , Yu S. , Lu Y. , Qin Y. , Xiong Z. (2025). AI İmaginaries Shape Technological İdentity and Digital Futures, Computers in Human Behavior Volume 169.
Zuboff, S. (2019). The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. New York, NY: PublicAffairs.
Referanslar
Aksoy S. (2025) Rethinking AI: Power, Surveillance, and Democracy, Journal of Economic Sociology. Vol. 26. No 5. November.
Alkhazaleh S. M., Kamour M. Mostafa A., Abdel-Hadi S., Ali S.M., Al Qaruty R.(2025). Digital Identities and Social Inequality: A Sociological Analysis of Identity Formation in the Era of Algorithmic Surveillance. Studies in Media and Communication Vol. 13, No. 4; December.
Avcı Ü., Durak H.Y. (2025) . Exploring Social Media Burnout, Anxiety, And Self-Control in Turkish University Students: Gender And Engagement as Moderators. Information Development.
Beer D. (2019). The Data Gaze: Capitalism, Power and Perception, SAGE Publications Ltd.
Boyd D. (2014). It’s Complicated: The Social Lives of Networked Teens, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Brubaker R. (2020). Digital Hyperconnectivity and the Self. Theory Soc.49, 771–801.
Bucher T.(2018). If...Then Algorithmic Power and Politics, Oxford Studies in Digital Politics.
Cheney-Lippold, J. (2011). A new Algorithmic Identity: Soft Biopolitics and the Modulation of Control. Theory, Culture & Society, 28(6), 164–181.
Copeland B.J. (2026). Artificial Intelligence. https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence
D’Alton A. (2024). Data Grab: an interview with Nick Couldry and Ulises A. Mejias on their new book.
Franck G.(2018). The Economy of Attention. Journal of Sociology 6–18.
Gillespie Tarleton (2014). The Relevance of Algorithms Tarleton Gillespie forthcoming, in Media Technologies, ed. Pablo Boczkowski, and Kirsten Foot. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Goffman, E. (1959). The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Anchor Books.
Hall, S. (1996). Introduction: Who needs “identity”? In S. Hall & P. du Gay (Eds.), Questions of Cultural Identity (pp. 1–17). London: SAGE Publications.
Hogan B. (2010). The Presentation of Self in the Age of Social Media: Distinguishing Performances and Exhibitions Online. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society Volume 30, Issue 6.
Law J. (1992). Notes on the Theory of the Actor-Network: Ordering, Strategy, and Heterogeneity. Systems Practice, Vol. 5, No. 4.
Lyon D.(2018). Culture of Surveillance Watching As a Way of Life. John Wiley & Sons.
Mutlu S. (2020) Transformation of Identity from Traditional to Postmodern. Sociology and Society, 5 (1):57-72.
van Dijck, J. (2014). Datafication, Dataism and Dataveillance. Surveillance & Society, 12(2), 197–208.
Yevhen L. (2021). Freedom in the Age of Surveillance Capitalism: Lessons from Shoshana Zuboff, Ethics & Bioethics (in Central Europe), 211 (1–2), 67–81.
Zhong B., Song Y. , Feng G. C., Shi J. , Zhu Y. , Xie L. , Zhou W. A. , Yu S. , Lu Y. , Qin Y. , Xiong Z. (2025). AI İmaginaries Shape Technological İdentity and Digital Futures, Computers in Human Behavior Volume 169.
Zuboff, S. (2019). The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. New York, NY: PublicAffairs.
