Dönüşen Emek Rejimleri ve Sendikalar Bağlamında Endüstriyel Sosyal Hizmet: Yeni Sosyal Riskler Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Özet
Bu bölüm, neoliberal yeniden yapılanmanın emek rejimlerini nasıl dönüştürdüğünü ve bu dönüşümün “yeni sosyal riskler” üzerinden sendikalar ile endüstriyel sosyal hizmeti nasıl yeniden konumlandırdığını tartışmaktadır. Küreselleşme, esnekleşme ve güvencesizleşme; iş güvencesizliği, çalışan yoksulluğu, iş-yaşam dengesizliği ve psikososyal stres gibi riskleri işin içine yerleştirerek sosyal koruma sistemlerini zorlamaktadır. Bölüm, Beck’in risk toplumu yaklaşımıyla risklerin kurumlardan bireylere kaydırılmasını; Marx ve Gramsci üzerinden ise metalaşma ve hegemonya dinamiklerini açıklayıcı bir kuramsal çerçeveye oturtmaktadır. Bu bağlamda sendikaların, toplu pazarlığın ötesine geçerek hukuki destek, danışmanlık ve refah işlevleri geliştirmeye yöneldiği; ancak parçalanma, platformlaşma ve temsil krizinin sendikal kapasiteyi sınırladığı vurgulanmaktadır. Endüstriyel sosyal hizmet, hak temelli ve önleyici yönelimiyle örgütsel ve psikososyal risklere müdahale edebilecek kritik bir alan olarak ele alınırken, kurumsal ele geçirilme ve etik ikilemler de tartışılmaktadır. Sonuç olarak çalışma, yeni sosyal risklere karşı kapsayıcı sosyal politika üretimi için sendikalarla endüstriyel sosyal hizmetin işbirliğini stratejik bir gereklilik olarak önermektedir.
This chapter discusses how neoliberal restructuring has transformed labor regimes and how this transformation has repositioned trade unions and industrial social work through “new social risks.” Globalization, flexibilization, and precarization challenge social protection systems by introducing risks such as job insecurity, working poverty, work-life imbalance, and psychosocial stress. The chapter establishes a theoretical framework that explains the shift of risks from institutions to individuals through Beck's risk society approach, and the dynamics of commodification and hegemony through Marx and Gramsci. In this context, it is emphasized that trade unions are moving beyond collective bargaining to develop functions such as legal support, counseling, and welfare; however, fragmentation, platforming, and the crisis of representation limit trade union capacity. Industrial social work, with its rights-based and preventive orientation, is considered a critical area capable of intervening in organizational and psychosocial risks, while institutional takeover and ethical dilemmas are also discussed. Ultimately, the study proposes collaboration between trade unions and industrial social work as a strategic necessity for producing inclusive social policies to address new social risks.
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