Gömülü Üçüncü Molar Dişler: Klinik Karar Verme, Cerrahi Yönetim ve Komplikasyonların Önlenmesi

Faculty of Dental Surgery RC of S of E. Parameters of care for patients undergoing mandibular third molar surgery. London; 2021 Apr.

American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Management of Third Molar Teeth. Rosemont; 2016.

Kwon G, Serra M. Pericoronitis. 2026. PubMed PMID: 35015436.

Ghaeminia H, Nienhuijs M El, Toedtling V, Perry J, Tummers M, Hoppenreijs TJ, et al. Surgical removal versus retention for the management of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 May 4;5(5):CD003879. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003879.pub5 PubMed PMID: 32368796.

Schmidt J, Kunderova M, Pilbauerova N, Kapitan M. A Review of Evidence-Based Recommendations for Pericoronitis Management and a Systematic Review of Antibiotic Prescribing for Pericoronitis among Dentists: Inappropriate Pericoronitis Treatment Is a Critical Factor of Antibiotic Overuse in Dentistry. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 24;18(13). doi:10.3390/ijerph18136796 PubMed PMID: 34202699.

Schalch TO, Martimbianco ALC, Gonçalves MLL, Motta LJ, Santos EM, Cecatto RB, et al. Interventions for Early-Stage Pericoronitis: Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials. Antibiotics (Basel). 2022 Jan 8;11(1). doi:10.3390/antibiotics11010071 PubMed PMID: 35052948.

Kindler S, Holtfreter B, Koppe T, Mksoud M, Lucas C, Seebauer C, et al. Third molars and periodontal damage of second molars in the general population. J Clin Periodontol. 2018 Nov;45(11):1365–74. doi:10.1111/jcpe.13008 PubMed PMID: 30168629.

Stella PEM, Falci SGM, Oliveira de Medeiros LE, Douglas-de-Oliveira DW, Gonçalves PF, Flecha OD, et al. Impact of mandibular third molar extraction in the second molar periodontal status: A prospective study. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2017;21(4):285–90. doi:10.4103/jisp.jisp_79_17 PubMed PMID: 29456302.

Mansuri S, Mujeeb A, Hussain SA, Hussain MAZ. Mandibular third molar impactions in male adults: Relationship of Operative time and Types of impaction on inflammatory complications. J Int Oral Health. 2014 Apr;6(2):9–15. PubMed PMID: 24876696.

Tsai CC, Wu SL, Lin SL, Ko SY, Chiang WF, Yang JW. Reducing Trismus After Surgery and Radiotherapy in Oral Cancer Patients: Results of Alternative Operation Versus Traditional Operation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016 May;74(5):1072–83. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2015.11.034 PubMed PMID: 26768235.

Cone beam CT for dental and maxillofacial radiology : evidence-based guidelines. Publications Office; 2012. 154 p.

Rood JP, Shehab BA. The radiological prediction of inferior alveolar nerve injury during third molar surgery. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1990 Feb;28(1):20–5. doi:10.1016/0266-4356(90)90005-6 PubMed PMID: 2322523.

Del Lhano NC, Ribeiro RA, Martins CC, Assis NMSP, Devito KL. Panoramic versus CBCT used to reduce inferior alveolar nerve paresthesia after third molar extractions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. 2020 May 1;49(4):20190265. doi:10.1259/dmfr.20190265

Maglione M, Costantinides F, Bazzocchi G. Classification of impacted mandibular third molars on cone-beam CT images. J Clin Exp Dent. 2015 Apr;7(2):e224-31. doi:10.4317/jced.51984 PubMed PMID: 26155337.

Pell G, Gregory B. Impacted mandibular third molars: classification and modified techniques for removal. The Dental Digest. 1933;39:330–8.

García AG, Sampedro FG, Rey JG, Vila PG, Martin MS. Pell-Gregory classification is unreliable as a predictor of difficulty in extracting impacted lower third molars. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000 Dec;38(6):585–7. doi:10.1054/bjom.2000.0535 PubMed PMID: 11092770.

Bali A, Bali D, Sharma A, Verma G. Is Pederson Index a True Predictive Difficulty Index for Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Surgery? A Meta-analysis. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2013 Sep 22;12(3):359–64. doi:10.1007/s12663-012-0435-x

Yuasa H, Sugiura M. Clinical postoperative findings after removal of impacted mandibular third molars: prediction of postoperative facial swelling and pain based on preoperative variables. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2004 Jun;42(3):209–14. doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2004.02.005

Gay-Escoda C, Sánchez-Torres A, Borrás-Ferreres J, Valmaseda-Castellón E. Third molar surgical difficulty scales: systematic review and preoperative assessment form. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2022 Jan 1;27(1):e68–76. doi:10.4317/medoral.24951 PubMed PMID: 34874928.

National Institute for Clinical Excellence. Guidance on the extraction of wisdom teeth. London; 2000 Mar.

Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme. Management of Dental Patients Taking Anticoagulants or Antiplatelet Drugs – Quick Reference Guide. Dundee; 2022 Mar.

Ruggiero SL, Dodson TB, Aghaloo T, Carlson ER, Ward BB, Kademani D. American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons’ Position Paper on Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws-2022 Update. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 May;80(5):920–43. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2022.02.008 PubMed PMID: 35300956.

WHITE PAPER ON THIRD MOLAR DATA. 2007.

Sarikov R, Juodzbalys G. Inferior alveolar nerve injury after mandibular third molar extraction: a literature review. J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2014;5(4):e1. doi:10.5037/jomr.2014.5401 PubMed PMID: 25635208.

Anesthesia in Outpatient Facilities. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2023 Nov;81(11):E35–50. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2023.06.017

Intercollegiate Advisory Committee for Sedation in Dentistry. Standards for Conscious Sedation in the Provision of Dental Care. London; 2020 Mar.

Lodi G, Azzi L, Varoni EM, Pentenero M, Del Fabbro M, Carrassi A, et al. Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Feb 24;2(2):CD003811. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003811.pub3 PubMed PMID: 33624847.

Management of acute dental problems : quick reference guide for healthcare professions. Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme; 2013. 12 p.

Cankaya AB, Erdem MA, Cakarer S, Cifter M, Oral CK. Iatrogenic Mandibular Fracture Associated with Third Molar Removal. Int J Med Sci. 2011;8(7):547–53. doi:10.7150/ijms.8.547

Matzen LH, Villefrance JS, Nørholt SE, Bak J, Wenzel A. Cone beam CT and treatment decision of mandibular third molars: removal vs. coronectomy-a 3-year audit. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2020 Mar;49(3):20190250. doi:10.1259/dmfr.20190250 PubMed PMID: 31778318.

Kang FW, Yuan XR, Li GC, Yang YFZ, Zhang XM, Hou GY. Coronectomy in Lower Third Molar Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2025 May;83(5):601–15. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2025.01.014 PubMed PMID: 39956152.

Nowak SM, Justice J, Aslam A, Suida MI. The success rates and outcomes of mandibular third molar coronectomy: 167 cases. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2024 Sep;28(3):1227–39. doi:10.1007/s10006-024-01244-z PubMed PMID: 38565824.

Di Spirito F, Caggiano M, Acerra A, Rizki I, Leonetti G, Allegretti G, et al. Re-Intervention Rate, Timing, and Indications Following Coronectomy of the Mandibular Third Molar: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews. J Clin Med. 2025 May 30;14(11):3877. doi:10.3390/jcm14113877

Rothamel D, Wahl G, d’Hoedt B, Nentwig GH, Schwarz F, Becker J. Incidence and predictive factors for perforation of the maxillary antrum in operations to remove upper wisdom teeth: prospective multicentre study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007 Jul;45(5):387–91. doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2006.10.013 PubMed PMID: 17161510.

Faculty of Dental Surgery RC of S of E. Parameters of care for patients undergoing mandibular third molar surgery. London; 2021 Apr.

American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Management of Third Molar Teeth. Rosemont; 2016.

Kwon G, Serra M. Pericoronitis. 2026. PubMed PMID: 35015436.

Ghaeminia H, Nienhuijs M El, Toedtling V, Perry J, Tummers M, Hoppenreijs TJ, et al. Surgical removal versus retention for the management of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 May 4;5(5):CD003879. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003879.pub5 PubMed PMID: 32368796.

Schmidt J, Kunderova M, Pilbauerova N, Kapitan M. A Review of Evidence-Based Recommendations for Pericoronitis Management and a Systematic Review of Antibiotic Prescribing for Pericoronitis among Dentists: Inappropriate Pericoronitis Treatment Is a Critical Factor of Antibiotic Overuse in Dentistry. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 24;18(13). doi:10.3390/ijerph18136796 PubMed PMID: 34202699.

Schalch TO, Martimbianco ALC, Gonçalves MLL, Motta LJ, Santos EM, Cecatto RB, et al. Interventions for Early-Stage Pericoronitis: Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials. Antibiotics (Basel). 2022 Jan 8;11(1). doi:10.3390/antibiotics11010071 PubMed PMID: 35052948.

Kindler S, Holtfreter B, Koppe T, Mksoud M, Lucas C, Seebauer C, et al. Third molars and periodontal damage of second molars in the general population. J Clin Periodontol. 2018 Nov;45(11):1365–74. doi:10.1111/jcpe.13008 PubMed PMID: 30168629.

Stella PEM, Falci SGM, Oliveira de Medeiros LE, Douglas-de-Oliveira DW, Gonçalves PF, Flecha OD, et al. Impact of mandibular third molar extraction in the second molar periodontal status: A prospective study. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2017;21(4):285–90. doi:10.4103/jisp.jisp_79_17 PubMed PMID: 29456302.

Mansuri S, Mujeeb A, Hussain SA, Hussain MAZ. Mandibular third molar impactions in male adults: Relationship of Operative time and Types of impaction on inflammatory complications. J Int Oral Health. 2014 Apr;6(2):9–15. PubMed PMID: 24876696.

Tsai CC, Wu SL, Lin SL, Ko SY, Chiang WF, Yang JW. Reducing Trismus After Surgery and Radiotherapy in Oral Cancer Patients: Results of Alternative Operation Versus Traditional Operation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016 May;74(5):1072–83. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2015.11.034 PubMed PMID: 26768235.

Cone beam CT for dental and maxillofacial radiology : evidence-based guidelines. Publications Office; 2012. 154 p.

Rood JP, Shehab BA. The radiological prediction of inferior alveolar nerve injury during third molar surgery. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1990 Feb;28(1):20–5. doi:10.1016/0266-4356(90)90005-6 PubMed PMID: 2322523.

Del Lhano NC, Ribeiro RA, Martins CC, Assis NMSP, Devito KL. Panoramic versus CBCT used to reduce inferior alveolar nerve paresthesia after third molar extractions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. 2020 May 1;49(4):20190265. doi:10.1259/dmfr.20190265

Maglione M, Costantinides F, Bazzocchi G. Classification of impacted mandibular third molars on cone-beam CT images. J Clin Exp Dent. 2015 Apr;7(2):e224-31. doi:10.4317/jced.51984 PubMed PMID: 26155337.

Pell G, Gregory B. Impacted mandibular third molars: classification and modified techniques for removal. The Dental Digest. 1933;39:330–8.

García AG, Sampedro FG, Rey JG, Vila PG, Martin MS. Pell-Gregory classification is unreliable as a predictor of difficulty in extracting impacted lower third molars. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000 Dec;38(6):585–7. doi:10.1054/bjom.2000.0535 PubMed PMID: 11092770.

Bali A, Bali D, Sharma A, Verma G. Is Pederson Index a True Predictive Difficulty Index for Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Surgery? A Meta-analysis. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2013 Sep 22;12(3):359–64. doi:10.1007/s12663-012-0435-x

Yuasa H, Sugiura M. Clinical postoperative findings after removal of impacted mandibular third molars: prediction of postoperative facial swelling and pain based on preoperative variables. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2004 Jun;42(3):209–14. doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2004.02.005

Gay-Escoda C, Sánchez-Torres A, Borrás-Ferreres J, Valmaseda-Castellón E. Third molar surgical difficulty scales: systematic review and preoperative assessment form. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2022 Jan 1;27(1):e68–76. doi:10.4317/medoral.24951 PubMed PMID: 34874928.

National Institute for Clinical Excellence. Guidance on the extraction of wisdom teeth. London; 2000 Mar.

Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme. Management of Dental Patients Taking Anticoagulants or Antiplatelet Drugs – Quick Reference Guide. Dundee; 2022 Mar.

Ruggiero SL, Dodson TB, Aghaloo T, Carlson ER, Ward BB, Kademani D. American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons’ Position Paper on Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws-2022 Update. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 May;80(5):920–43. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2022.02.008 PubMed PMID: 35300956.

WHITE PAPER ON THIRD MOLAR DATA. 2007.

Sarikov R, Juodzbalys G. Inferior alveolar nerve injury after mandibular third molar extraction: a literature review. J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2014;5(4):e1. doi:10.5037/jomr.2014.5401 PubMed PMID: 25635208.

Anesthesia in Outpatient Facilities. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2023 Nov;81(11):E35–50. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2023.06.017

Intercollegiate Advisory Committee for Sedation in Dentistry. Standards for Conscious Sedation in the Provision of Dental Care. London; 2020 Mar.

Lodi G, Azzi L, Varoni EM, Pentenero M, Del Fabbro M, Carrassi A, et al. Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Feb 24;2(2):CD003811. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003811.pub3 PubMed PMID: 33624847.

Management of acute dental problems : quick reference guide for healthcare professions. Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme; 2013. 12 p.

Cankaya AB, Erdem MA, Cakarer S, Cifter M, Oral CK. Iatrogenic Mandibular Fracture Associated with Third Molar Removal. Int J Med Sci. 2011;8(7):547–53. doi:10.7150/ijms.8.547

Matzen LH, Villefrance JS, Nørholt SE, Bak J, Wenzel A. Cone beam CT and treatment decision of mandibular third molars: removal vs. coronectomy-a 3-year audit. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2020 Mar;49(3):20190250. doi:10.1259/dmfr.20190250 PubMed PMID: 31778318.

Kang FW, Yuan XR, Li GC, Yang YFZ, Zhang XM, Hou GY. Coronectomy in Lower Third Molar Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2025 May;83(5):601–15. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2025.01.014 PubMed PMID: 39956152.

Nowak SM, Justice J, Aslam A, Suida MI. The success rates and outcomes of mandibular third molar coronectomy: 167 cases. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2024 Sep;28(3):1227–39. doi:10.1007/s10006-024-01244-z PubMed PMID: 38565824.

Di Spirito F, Caggiano M, Acerra A, Rizki I, Leonetti G, Allegretti G, et al. Re-Intervention Rate, Timing, and Indications Following Coronectomy of the Mandibular Third Molar: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews. J Clin Med. 2025 May 30;14(11):3877. doi:10.3390/jcm14113877

Rothamel D, Wahl G, d’Hoedt B, Nentwig GH, Schwarz F, Becker J. Incidence and predictive factors for perforation of the maxillary antrum in operations to remove upper wisdom teeth: prospective multicentre study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007 Jul;45(5):387–91. doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2006.10.013 PubMed PMID: 17161510.