Bankacılığın Temel Kavramları ve Ekonomik Sistemdeki Yeri
Özet
Referanslar
Akyüz, Y., & Boratav, K. (2003). The making of the Turkish financial crisis. World Development, 31(9), 1549–1566.
Bakır, C., & Öniş, Z. (2010). The regulatory state and Turkish banking reforms in the age of post-crisis globalization. Development and Change, 41(1), 77–106.
Bank of England. (n.d.). History: The Bank of England 1694–. Retrieved December 15, 2025, from https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/about/history
Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu. (2002). Bankacılık sektörü yeniden yapılandırma programı: Değerlendirme raporu. Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu.
Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu. (n.d.). Banking Law No. 5411; Etik Komisyonu; Mevzuat. Retrieved December 1, 2025, from https://www.bddk.org.tr/Mevzuat/DokumanGetir/961
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. (2011). Basel III: A global regulatory framework for more resilient banks and banking systems (December 2010, revised June 2011). Bank for International Settlements. https://www.bis.org/publ/bcbs189.htm
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. (2015). Corporate governance principles for banks. Bank for International Settlements.
Berger, A. N., & Mester, L. J. (1997). Inside the black box: What explains differences in the efficiencies of financial institutions? Journal of Banking & Finance, 21(7), 895–947. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4266(97)00010-1
Birdal, M. (2010). The political economy of Ottoman public debt: Insolvency and European financial control in the late nineteenth century. I.B. Tauris.
Boot, A. W. A., & Thakor, A. V. (1997). Financial system architecture. The Review of Financial Studies, 10(3), 693–733. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/10.3.693
Boratav, K. (2012). Türkiye iktisat tarihi: 1908–2009. İmge Kitabevi.
Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2025). Types of banks: Commercial vs. investment. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.britannica.com/money/types-of-banks
Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. (2024). Financial stability report [Full text PDF]. Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası.
Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. (n.d.). About the bank / history. Retrieved December 1, 2025, from https://www.tcmb.gov.tr
Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures, & World Bank Group. (2016). Payment aspects of financial inclusion. Bank for International Settlements. https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/d144.pdf
Diamond, D. W., & Dybvig, P. H. (1983). Bank runs, deposit insurance, and liquidity. Journal of Political Economy, 91(3), 401–419. https://doi.org/10.1086/261155
Ertuğrul, A., & Selçuk, F. (2001). A brief account of the Turkish economy, 1980–2000. Russian and East European Finance and Trade, 37(6), 6–30.
Etymonline. (n.d.). Bank (n.). Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.etymonline.com/word/bank
Financial Action Task Force. (2014). Guidance for a risk-based approach: The banking sector. FATF.
Gorton, G. (2009). Slapped in the face by the invisible hand: Banking and the panic of 2007. Oxford University Press. Retrieved December 19, 2025, from https://www.atlantafed.org/-/media/documents/news/conferences/2009/financial-markets-conference/gorton.pdf
International Finance Corporation. (2012). IFC performance standards on environmental and social sustainability. World Bank Group. https://www.ifc.org
International Monetary Fund. (2001). Turkey: Eighth review under the stand-by arrangement. International Monetary Fund.
International Monetary Fund. (2002). Turkey: Banking sector restructuring program (IMF Staff Country Report No. 02/136). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2002/cr02136.pdf
International Monetary Fund. (2016). Financial soundness indicators: Compilation guide (2016 update). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Manuals-Guides/Issues/2016/12/31/Financial-Soundness-Indicators-Compilation-Guide-17619
International Monetary Fund. (n.d.). Institutional units and sectors. Retrieved December 18, 2025, from https://www.imf.org
Investopedia. (2025). Financial system: Definition and components. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/financial-system.asp
Investopedia. (n.d.). Different types of financial institutions. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.investopedia.com
Kazgan, G. (1999). Osmanlı’dan günümüze Türkiye’de finansal sektörün gelişimi. İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
Keyder, Ç. (1981). Türkiye’de devlet ve sınıflar. İletişim Yayınları.
Khan Academy. (n.d.). Development of financial institutions. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.khanacademy.org
Levine, R. (2004). Finance and growth: Theory and evidence (NBER Working Paper No. 10766). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w10766
Mishkin, F. S. (2018). The economics of money, banking, and financial markets (12th ed.). Pearson.
Norton Rose Fulbright. (n.d.). Doing business in Türkiye: Banking and finance. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com
Ottoman Bank. (n.d.). Ottoman Bank history summaries. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://archives.saltresearch.org
Öniş, Z., & Şenses, F. (2009). Global dynamics and local challenges in reforming the Turkish banking system. Middle Eastern Studies, 45(3), 407–432.
Pamuk, Ş. (2009). Osmanlı ekonomisi ve kurumları. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
Quataert, D. (2005). Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda modernleşme ve ekonomik dönüşüm. İletişim Yayınları.
Saunders, A., & Cornett, M. M. (2017). Financial institutions management: A risk management approach (9th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Sezal, L. (2020). 2018 Ağustos krizinin Türk bankacılık sektörüne etkisi. Journal of Economics and Research, 1(1), 17–32.
Sezal, L. (2020). Basel III ve Türk bankacılık sektörüne etkileri. III. Uluslararası Kahramanmaraş Yönetim, Ekonomi ve Siyaset Kongresi, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye.
Tanrıöven, C., & Yenice, S. (2014). Bankaların türev araç kullanımlarının risklilik ve kârlılık üzerine etkisi: Türkiye örneği. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(3), 25–46. https://izlik.org/JA52MP24SD
Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası. (2011). Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası tarihi: 1930–2010. TCMB Yayınları. Retrieved October 10, 2025, from https://www.tcmb.gov.tr
Tezel, Y. S. (1982). Cumhuriyet döneminin iktisadi tarihi (1923–1950). Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
The Equator Principles Association. (2020). The Equator Principles (EP4). Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://equator-principles.com
Türkiye Katılım Bankaları Birliği. (2022). The development and practice of participation banking in Turkey. Retrieved November 30, 2025, from https://ar.tkbb.org.tr/upload/1731418106_568a0d19b27580cb96ef.pdf
Türkiye Bankalar Birliği. (2022). Sürdürülebilirlik raporu; bankacılık etik ilkeleri dokümanları. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.tbb.org.tr/pdf/faaliyetler/116/765
UNEP Finance Initiative. (2019). Principles for responsible banking. United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative. https://www.unepfi.org
World Bank. (2016). Global financial development report 2016: Financial inclusion. World Bank.
World Bank Data. (n.d.). Deposit money banks’ assets to GDP (%) (definition and metadata). Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://data.worldbank.org
Referanslar
Akyüz, Y., & Boratav, K. (2003). The making of the Turkish financial crisis. World Development, 31(9), 1549–1566.
Bakır, C., & Öniş, Z. (2010). The regulatory state and Turkish banking reforms in the age of post-crisis globalization. Development and Change, 41(1), 77–106.
Bank of England. (n.d.). History: The Bank of England 1694–. Retrieved December 15, 2025, from https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/about/history
Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu. (2002). Bankacılık sektörü yeniden yapılandırma programı: Değerlendirme raporu. Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu.
Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu. (n.d.). Banking Law No. 5411; Etik Komisyonu; Mevzuat. Retrieved December 1, 2025, from https://www.bddk.org.tr/Mevzuat/DokumanGetir/961
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. (2011). Basel III: A global regulatory framework for more resilient banks and banking systems (December 2010, revised June 2011). Bank for International Settlements. https://www.bis.org/publ/bcbs189.htm
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. (2015). Corporate governance principles for banks. Bank for International Settlements.
Berger, A. N., & Mester, L. J. (1997). Inside the black box: What explains differences in the efficiencies of financial institutions? Journal of Banking & Finance, 21(7), 895–947. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4266(97)00010-1
Birdal, M. (2010). The political economy of Ottoman public debt: Insolvency and European financial control in the late nineteenth century. I.B. Tauris.
Boot, A. W. A., & Thakor, A. V. (1997). Financial system architecture. The Review of Financial Studies, 10(3), 693–733. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/10.3.693
Boratav, K. (2012). Türkiye iktisat tarihi: 1908–2009. İmge Kitabevi.
Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2025). Types of banks: Commercial vs. investment. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.britannica.com/money/types-of-banks
Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. (2024). Financial stability report [Full text PDF]. Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası.
Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. (n.d.). About the bank / history. Retrieved December 1, 2025, from https://www.tcmb.gov.tr
Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures, & World Bank Group. (2016). Payment aspects of financial inclusion. Bank for International Settlements. https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/d144.pdf
Diamond, D. W., & Dybvig, P. H. (1983). Bank runs, deposit insurance, and liquidity. Journal of Political Economy, 91(3), 401–419. https://doi.org/10.1086/261155
Ertuğrul, A., & Selçuk, F. (2001). A brief account of the Turkish economy, 1980–2000. Russian and East European Finance and Trade, 37(6), 6–30.
Etymonline. (n.d.). Bank (n.). Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.etymonline.com/word/bank
Financial Action Task Force. (2014). Guidance for a risk-based approach: The banking sector. FATF.
Gorton, G. (2009). Slapped in the face by the invisible hand: Banking and the panic of 2007. Oxford University Press. Retrieved December 19, 2025, from https://www.atlantafed.org/-/media/documents/news/conferences/2009/financial-markets-conference/gorton.pdf
International Finance Corporation. (2012). IFC performance standards on environmental and social sustainability. World Bank Group. https://www.ifc.org
International Monetary Fund. (2001). Turkey: Eighth review under the stand-by arrangement. International Monetary Fund.
International Monetary Fund. (2002). Turkey: Banking sector restructuring program (IMF Staff Country Report No. 02/136). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2002/cr02136.pdf
International Monetary Fund. (2016). Financial soundness indicators: Compilation guide (2016 update). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Manuals-Guides/Issues/2016/12/31/Financial-Soundness-Indicators-Compilation-Guide-17619
International Monetary Fund. (n.d.). Institutional units and sectors. Retrieved December 18, 2025, from https://www.imf.org
Investopedia. (2025). Financial system: Definition and components. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/financial-system.asp
Investopedia. (n.d.). Different types of financial institutions. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.investopedia.com
Kazgan, G. (1999). Osmanlı’dan günümüze Türkiye’de finansal sektörün gelişimi. İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
Keyder, Ç. (1981). Türkiye’de devlet ve sınıflar. İletişim Yayınları.
Khan Academy. (n.d.). Development of financial institutions. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.khanacademy.org
Levine, R. (2004). Finance and growth: Theory and evidence (NBER Working Paper No. 10766). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w10766
Mishkin, F. S. (2018). The economics of money, banking, and financial markets (12th ed.). Pearson.
Norton Rose Fulbright. (n.d.). Doing business in Türkiye: Banking and finance. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com
Ottoman Bank. (n.d.). Ottoman Bank history summaries. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://archives.saltresearch.org
Öniş, Z., & Şenses, F. (2009). Global dynamics and local challenges in reforming the Turkish banking system. Middle Eastern Studies, 45(3), 407–432.
Pamuk, Ş. (2009). Osmanlı ekonomisi ve kurumları. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
Quataert, D. (2005). Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda modernleşme ve ekonomik dönüşüm. İletişim Yayınları.
Saunders, A., & Cornett, M. M. (2017). Financial institutions management: A risk management approach (9th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Sezal, L. (2020). 2018 Ağustos krizinin Türk bankacılık sektörüne etkisi. Journal of Economics and Research, 1(1), 17–32.
Sezal, L. (2020). Basel III ve Türk bankacılık sektörüne etkileri. III. Uluslararası Kahramanmaraş Yönetim, Ekonomi ve Siyaset Kongresi, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye.
Tanrıöven, C., & Yenice, S. (2014). Bankaların türev araç kullanımlarının risklilik ve kârlılık üzerine etkisi: Türkiye örneği. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(3), 25–46. https://izlik.org/JA52MP24SD
Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası. (2011). Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası tarihi: 1930–2010. TCMB Yayınları. Retrieved October 10, 2025, from https://www.tcmb.gov.tr
Tezel, Y. S. (1982). Cumhuriyet döneminin iktisadi tarihi (1923–1950). Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
The Equator Principles Association. (2020). The Equator Principles (EP4). Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://equator-principles.com
Türkiye Katılım Bankaları Birliği. (2022). The development and practice of participation banking in Turkey. Retrieved November 30, 2025, from https://ar.tkbb.org.tr/upload/1731418106_568a0d19b27580cb96ef.pdf
Türkiye Bankalar Birliği. (2022). Sürdürülebilirlik raporu; bankacılık etik ilkeleri dokümanları. Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://www.tbb.org.tr/pdf/faaliyetler/116/765
UNEP Finance Initiative. (2019). Principles for responsible banking. United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative. https://www.unepfi.org
World Bank. (2016). Global financial development report 2016: Financial inclusion. World Bank.
World Bank Data. (n.d.). Deposit money banks’ assets to GDP (%) (definition and metadata). Retrieved December 20, 2025, from https://data.worldbank.org
