İklim Krizleri Çağında Sağlık Yönetimi: Liderlik, Psikolojik Dayanıklılık ve Politika Adaptasyonu
Özet
İklim değişikliği, 21. yüzyılın en önemli küresel tehditlerinden biri olarak sağlık sistemlerini çok boyutlu biçimde etkilemektedir. Artan sıcaklıklar, aşırı hava olayları, bulaşıcı hastalık dinamiklerindeki değişimler ve çevresel riskler, sağlık hizmetlerine olan talebi artırırken sağlık altyapıları ve yönetim süreçleri üzerinde önemli baskılar oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda sağlık yönetimi yalnızca hizmet sunumunun organizasyonu ile sınırlı kalmamakta; aynı zamanda krizlere uyum sağlayabilen, dayanıklı ve sürdürülebilir sistemlerin geliştirilmesini gerektirmektedir. Bu bölümde iklim krizleri bağlamında sağlık yönetimi liderlik, psikolojik dayanıklılık ve politika adaptasyonu perspektiflerinden ele alınmaktadır. Öncelikle iklim değişikliğinin sağlık sistemleri üzerindeki etkileri ve bu etkilerin yönetsel süreçlere yansımaları tartışılmaktadır. Ardından kriz dönemlerinde sağlık yöneticilerinin liderlik rolleri ve psikolojik dayanıklılık kapasitesinin kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik açısından önemi incelenmektedir. Bölümde ayrıca sağlık sistemlerinin iklim krizlerine uyum sağlayabilmesi için politika düzeyinde gerekli dönüşümler ve kurumsal adaptasyon stratejileri değerlendirilmiştir. Son olarak iklim kaynaklı sistemsel baskı, liderlik kapasitesi, psikolojik dayanıklılık ve politika adaptasyonu arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklayan bütüncül bir kavramsal çerçeve önerilmektedir. Bu yaklaşım, iklim krizleri çağında sağlık yönetiminin insan, kurum ve politika boyutlarını bütüncül bir perspektifle ele almanın önemini ortaya koymaktadır.
Referanslar
Boin, A., ’t Hart, P., Stern, E., & Sundelius, B. (2017). The politics of crisis management: Public leadership under pressure (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316339756
Ebi, K. L., Capon, A., Berry, P., Broderick, C., de Dear, R., Havenith, G., Honda, Y., Kovats, R. S., Ma, W., Malik, A., & Sari Kovats, R. (2021). Hot weather and heat extremes: Health risks. The Lancet, 398(10301), 698–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01208-3
Kickbusch, I., Leung, G. M., Bhutta, Z. A., Matsoso, M. P., Ihekweazu, C., & Abbasi, K. (2021). Covid-19: How a virus is turning the world upside down. BMJ, 369, m1336. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1336
Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., et al. (2022). The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 400(10363), 1619–1654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01540-9
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
Watts, N., Amann, M., Arnell, N., et al. (2018). The 2018 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 392(10163), 2479–2514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32594-7
World Health Organization. (2021). COP26 special report on climate change and health. World Health Organization.
Berry, H. L., Waite, T. D., Dear, K. B. G., Capon, A. G., & Murray, V. (2018). The case for systems thinking about climate change and mental health. Nature Climate Change, 8(4), 282–290. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0102-4
Boin, A., ’t Hart, P., Stern, E., & Sundelius, B. (2017). The politics of crisis management: Public leadership under pressure (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316339756
Ebi, K. L., Capon, A., Berry, P., et al. (2021). Hot weather and heat extremes: Health risks. The Lancet, 398(10301), 698–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01208-3
Kickbusch, I., Leung, G. M., Bhutta, Z. A., Matsoso, M. P., Ihekweazu, C., & Abbasi, K. (2021). Covid-19: How a virus is turning the world upside down. BMJ, 369, m1336. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1336
Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., et al. (2022). The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 400(10363), 1619–1654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01540-9
Watts, N., Amann, M., Arnell, N., et al. (2018). The 2018 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 392(10163), 2479–2514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32594-7
World Health Organization. (2021). COP26 special report on climate change and health. World Health Organization.
Barasa, E., Cloete, K., & Gilson, L. (2018). From bouncing back, to nurturing emergence: Reframing the concept of resilience in health systems strengthening. Health Policy and Planning, 33(5), 491–503. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czy009
Boin, A., ’t Hart, P., Stern, E., & Sundelius, B. (2017). The politics of crisis management: Public leadership under pressure (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316339756
Ebi, K. L., Capon, A., Berry, P., et al. (2021). Hot weather and heat extremes: Health risks. The Lancet, 398(10301), 698–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01208-3
Folke, C., Carpenter, S. R., Walker, B., Scheffer, M., Chapin, T., & Rockström, J. (2010). Resilience thinking: Integrating resilience, adaptability and transformability. Ecology and Society, 15(4), 20. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-03610-150420
Friedman, C. P., Rubin, J. C., & Sullivan, K. J. (2017). Toward an information infrastructure for global health improvement. Yearbook of Medical Informatics, 26(1), 16–23. https://doi.org/10.15265/IY-2017-005
Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., et al. (2022). The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 400(10363), 1619–1654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01540-9
World Health Organization. (2021). COP26 special report on climate change and health. World Health Organization.
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Psychology Press.
Boin, A., ’t Hart, P., Stern, E., & Sundelius, B. (2017). The politics of crisis management: Public leadership under pressure (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316339756
Duchek, S. (2020). Organizational resilience: A capability-based conceptualization. Business Research, 13(1), 215–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0085-7
Heifetz, R., Grashow, A., & Linsky, M. (2009). The practice of adaptive leadership. Harvard Business Press.
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
Duchek, S. (2020). Organizational resilience: A capability-based conceptualization. Business Research, 13(1), 215–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0085-7
Harms, P. D., Credé, M., Tynan, M., Leon, M., & Jeung, W. (2017). Leadership and stress: A meta-analytic review. The Leadership Quarterly, 28(1), 178–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.10.006
Masten, A. S. (2014). Global perspectives on resilience in children and youth. Child Development, 85(1), 6–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12205
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Understanding the burnout experience. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20311
Robertson, I. T., Cooper, C. L., Sarkar, M., & Curran, T. (2015). Resilience training in the workplace. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 88(3), 533–562. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12120
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
Ebi, K. L., Capon, A., Berry, P., et al. (2021). Hot weather and heat extremes: Health risks. The Lancet, 398(10301), 698–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01208-3
Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., et al. (2022). The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 400(10363), 1619–1654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01540-9
Watts, N., Amann, M., Arnell, N., et al. (2018). The 2018 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 392(10163), 2479–2514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32594-7
World Health Organization. (2021). COP26 special report on climate change and health. World Health Organization.
Barasa, E., Cloete, K., & Gilson, L. (2018). From bouncing back, to nurturing emergence: Reframing the concept of resilience in health systems strengthening. Health Policy and Planning, 33(5), 491–503. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czy009
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Psychology Press.
Duchek, S. (2020). Organizational resilience: A capability-based conceptualization. Business Research, 13(1), 215–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0085-7
Friedman, C. P., Rubin, J. C., & Sullivan, K. J. (2017). Toward an information infrastructure for global health improvement. Yearbook of Medical Informatics, 26(1), 16–23. https://doi.org/10.15265/IY-2017-005
Heifetz, R., Grashow, A., & Linsky, M. (2009). The practice of adaptive leadership. Harvard Business Press.
Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., et al. (2022). The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 400(10363), 1619–1654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01540-9
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
World Health Organization. (2021). COP26 special report on climate change and health. World Health Organization.
Referanslar
Boin, A., ’t Hart, P., Stern, E., & Sundelius, B. (2017). The politics of crisis management: Public leadership under pressure (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316339756
Ebi, K. L., Capon, A., Berry, P., Broderick, C., de Dear, R., Havenith, G., Honda, Y., Kovats, R. S., Ma, W., Malik, A., & Sari Kovats, R. (2021). Hot weather and heat extremes: Health risks. The Lancet, 398(10301), 698–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01208-3
Kickbusch, I., Leung, G. M., Bhutta, Z. A., Matsoso, M. P., Ihekweazu, C., & Abbasi, K. (2021). Covid-19: How a virus is turning the world upside down. BMJ, 369, m1336. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1336
Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., et al. (2022). The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 400(10363), 1619–1654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01540-9
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
Watts, N., Amann, M., Arnell, N., et al. (2018). The 2018 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 392(10163), 2479–2514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32594-7
World Health Organization. (2021). COP26 special report on climate change and health. World Health Organization.
Berry, H. L., Waite, T. D., Dear, K. B. G., Capon, A. G., & Murray, V. (2018). The case for systems thinking about climate change and mental health. Nature Climate Change, 8(4), 282–290. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0102-4
Boin, A., ’t Hart, P., Stern, E., & Sundelius, B. (2017). The politics of crisis management: Public leadership under pressure (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316339756
Ebi, K. L., Capon, A., Berry, P., et al. (2021). Hot weather and heat extremes: Health risks. The Lancet, 398(10301), 698–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01208-3
Kickbusch, I., Leung, G. M., Bhutta, Z. A., Matsoso, M. P., Ihekweazu, C., & Abbasi, K. (2021). Covid-19: How a virus is turning the world upside down. BMJ, 369, m1336. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1336
Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., et al. (2022). The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 400(10363), 1619–1654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01540-9
Watts, N., Amann, M., Arnell, N., et al. (2018). The 2018 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 392(10163), 2479–2514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32594-7
World Health Organization. (2021). COP26 special report on climate change and health. World Health Organization.
Barasa, E., Cloete, K., & Gilson, L. (2018). From bouncing back, to nurturing emergence: Reframing the concept of resilience in health systems strengthening. Health Policy and Planning, 33(5), 491–503. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czy009
Boin, A., ’t Hart, P., Stern, E., & Sundelius, B. (2017). The politics of crisis management: Public leadership under pressure (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316339756
Ebi, K. L., Capon, A., Berry, P., et al. (2021). Hot weather and heat extremes: Health risks. The Lancet, 398(10301), 698–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01208-3
Folke, C., Carpenter, S. R., Walker, B., Scheffer, M., Chapin, T., & Rockström, J. (2010). Resilience thinking: Integrating resilience, adaptability and transformability. Ecology and Society, 15(4), 20. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-03610-150420
Friedman, C. P., Rubin, J. C., & Sullivan, K. J. (2017). Toward an information infrastructure for global health improvement. Yearbook of Medical Informatics, 26(1), 16–23. https://doi.org/10.15265/IY-2017-005
Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., et al. (2022). The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 400(10363), 1619–1654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01540-9
World Health Organization. (2021). COP26 special report on climate change and health. World Health Organization.
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Psychology Press.
Boin, A., ’t Hart, P., Stern, E., & Sundelius, B. (2017). The politics of crisis management: Public leadership under pressure (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316339756
Duchek, S. (2020). Organizational resilience: A capability-based conceptualization. Business Research, 13(1), 215–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0085-7
Heifetz, R., Grashow, A., & Linsky, M. (2009). The practice of adaptive leadership. Harvard Business Press.
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
Duchek, S. (2020). Organizational resilience: A capability-based conceptualization. Business Research, 13(1), 215–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0085-7
Harms, P. D., Credé, M., Tynan, M., Leon, M., & Jeung, W. (2017). Leadership and stress: A meta-analytic review. The Leadership Quarterly, 28(1), 178–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.10.006
Masten, A. S. (2014). Global perspectives on resilience in children and youth. Child Development, 85(1), 6–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12205
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Understanding the burnout experience. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20311
Robertson, I. T., Cooper, C. L., Sarkar, M., & Curran, T. (2015). Resilience training in the workplace. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 88(3), 533–562. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12120
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
Ebi, K. L., Capon, A., Berry, P., et al. (2021). Hot weather and heat extremes: Health risks. The Lancet, 398(10301), 698–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01208-3
Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., et al. (2022). The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 400(10363), 1619–1654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01540-9
Watts, N., Amann, M., Arnell, N., et al. (2018). The 2018 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 392(10163), 2479–2514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32594-7
World Health Organization. (2021). COP26 special report on climate change and health. World Health Organization.
Barasa, E., Cloete, K., & Gilson, L. (2018). From bouncing back, to nurturing emergence: Reframing the concept of resilience in health systems strengthening. Health Policy and Planning, 33(5), 491–503. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czy009
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Psychology Press.
Duchek, S. (2020). Organizational resilience: A capability-based conceptualization. Business Research, 13(1), 215–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0085-7
Friedman, C. P., Rubin, J. C., & Sullivan, K. J. (2017). Toward an information infrastructure for global health improvement. Yearbook of Medical Informatics, 26(1), 16–23. https://doi.org/10.15265/IY-2017-005
Heifetz, R., Grashow, A., & Linsky, M. (2009). The practice of adaptive leadership. Harvard Business Press.
Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., et al. (2022). The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. The Lancet, 400(10363), 1619–1654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01540-9
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
World Health Organization. (2021). COP26 special report on climate change and health. World Health Organization.
