Depresyon Tanıdan Tedaviye Klinik Süreç

Aan Het Rot M, Collins KA, Murrough JW, et al. Safety and efficacy of repeated-dose intravenous ketamine for treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2010;67(2):139–145.

Abraham G, Milev R, Stuart Lawson J. T3 Augmentation of SSRI Resistant Depression. J Affect Disord. 2006;91(2–3):211–215.

Ahmadi J, Majdi B, Mahdavi S, Mohagheghzadeh M. Mood disorders in opioid-dependent patients. J Affect Disord. 2004 Oct 01;82(1):139-42. Myrick H, Cluver J, Swavely S, Peters H. Diagnosis and treatment of co-occurring affective disorders and substance use disorders. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2004 Dec;27(4):649-59.

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) Arlington, Va, USA: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.

Anglin R., Samaan Z., Walter S., McDonald S. Vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2013;202(2):100–107.

Anisman H, Kokkinidis L, Merali Z. Further evidence for the depressive effects of cytokines: anhedonia and neurochemical changes. Brain Behav Immun. 2002 Oct;16(5):544-56.

APA Committee on Electroconvulsive Therapy. The Practice of Electroconvulsive Therapy: Recommendations for Treatment, Training and Privileging: A Task Force Report of the American Psychiatric Association; 2001; APA.

Aronson R, Offman HJ, Joffe RT, Naylor CD. Triiodothyronine augmentation in the treatment of refractory depression. A meta-analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996;53(9):842–848.

Baeken C, Vanderhasselt MA, Remue J, et al. Intensive HF-rTMS treatment in refractory medication-resistant unipolar depressed patients. J Affect Disord. 2013;151(2):625–631.

Bauer M, Pfennig A, Severus E, Whybrow PC, Angst J, Moller HJ, D. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry. Task Force on Unipolar Depressive. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for biological treatment of unipolar depressive disorders, part 1: update 2013 on the acute and continuation treatment of unipolar depressive disorders. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2013;14(5):334–385.

Bauer M, Pretorius HW, Constant EL, Earley WR, Szamosi J, Brecher M. Extended-release quetiapine as adjunct to an antidepressant in patients with major depressive disorder: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009;70(4):540–549.

Baumann P, Nil R, Souche A, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of citalopram with and without lithium in the treatment of therapy-resistant depressive patients: a clinical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacogenetic investigation. J Clin Psychopharma.1996;16(4):307–314.

Benadhira R, Thomas F, Bouaziz N, et al. A randomized, sham-controlled study of maintenance rTMS for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Psychiatry Res. 2017; 258:226–233.

Berlim MT, van den Eynde F, Tovar-Perdomo S, Daskalakis ZJ. Response, remission and drop-out rates following high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating major depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind and sham-controlled trials. Psychol Med. 2014;44(2):225-39.

Berman RM, Marcus RN, Swanink R, et al. The efficacy and safety of aripiprazole as adjunctive therapy in major depressive disorder: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68(6):843–853.

Berman RM, Thase ME, Trivedi MH, et al. Long-term safety and tolerability of open-label aripiprazole augmentation of antidepressant therapy in major depressive disorder. Neuropsychiatry Dis Treat.2011;7:303–312.

Blanco C, Alegría AA, Liu SM, Secades-Villa R, Sugaya L, Davies C, Nunes EV. Differences among major depressive disorder with and without co-occurring substance use disorders and substance-induced depressive disorder: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012 Jun;73(6):865-73.

Blaszczak J. 10 Things You Didn't Know About Seasonal Affective Disorder. [Fact sheet], Psych Central, 2013.

Brancaleoni G., Hansen V. Classification of recurrent depression with seasonal pattern: a comparison between two diagnostic instruments. Euro. Psychiatry. 2011;28(supplement 1):p. 610.

Brown ES, Nejtek VA, Perantie DC, Bobadilla L. Quetiapine in bipolar disorder and cocaine dependence. Bipolar Disord. 2002 Dec;4(6):406-11.

Brown SA, Inaba RK, Gillin JC, Schuckit MA, Stewart MA, Irwin MR. Alcoholism and affective disorder: clinical course of depressive symptoms. Am J Psychiatry. 1995 Jan;152(1):45-52.

Brunoni AR, Chaimani A, Moffa AH, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the acute treatment of major depressive episodes: a systematic review with network meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2017;74(2):143–152.

Carhart-Harris RL, Bolstridge M, Rucker J, et al. Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: an open-label feasibility study. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(7):619–627.

Carreno FR, Frazer A. Vagal nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Neurotherapeutics. 2017;14(3):716–727

Cattaneo A, Ferrari C, Uher R, et al. Absolute measurements of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and interleukin-1-beta mRNA levels accurately predict treatment response in depressed patients. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016;19(10):pii: pyw045.

Cheung A., Dewa C., Michalak E. E., et al. Direct health care costs of treating seasonal affective disorder: a comparison of light therapy and fluoxetine. Depression Research and Treatment. 2012; 2012:5.

Chistyakov AV, Rubicsek O, Kaplan B, Zaarour M, Klein E. Safety, tolerability and preliminary evidence for antidepressant efficacy of theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with major depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2010;13(3):387–393.

Cimpianu CL, Strube W, Falkai P, Palm U, Hasan A. Vagus nerve stimulation in psychiatry: a systematic review of the available evidence. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2017;124(1):145–158.

Cipriani A, Furukawa TA, Salanti G, et al. Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 12 new-generation antidepressants: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis. Lancet. 2009;373(9665):746–758.

Cipriani A, Hawton K, Stockton S, Geddes JR. Lithium in the prevention of suicide in mood disorders: updated systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2013;346:f3646.

Conner KR, Gamble SA, Bagge CL, He H, Swogger MT, Watts A, Houston RJ. Substance-induced depression and independent depression in proximal risk for suicidal behavior. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2014 Jul;75(4):567-72.

Conner KR, Gamble SA, Bagge CL, He H, Swogger MT, Watts A, Houston RJ. Substance-induced depression and independent depression in proximal risk for suicidal behavior. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2014 Jul;75(4):567-72.

Conway CR, George MS, Sackeim HA. Defining treatment-resistant depression-reply. JAMA Psychiatry. 2017;74(7):759.

Crossley NA, Bauer M. Acceleration and augmentation of antidepressants with lithium for depressive disorders: two meta-analyses of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68(6):935–940. doi: 10.4088/JCP.v68n0617.

Crown WH, Finkelstein S, Berndt ER, et al. The impact of treatment-resistant depression health care utilization and costs. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002;63(11):963–971.

Dalgleish T., Golden A.-M. J., Yiend J., Dunn B. D. Differential predictions about future negative events in seasonal and non-seasonal depression. Psychological Medicine. 2010;40(3):459–465.

Daly EJ, Singh JB, Fedgchin M, et al. Efficacy and safety of intranasal esketamine adjunctive to oral antidepressant therapy in treatment-resistant depression: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2018;75(2):139–148.

Daskalakis ZJ, Dimitrova J, McClintock SM, et al. Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) for major depressive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2019;45(2):276–282

Daskalakis ZJ. An open label trial of clustered maintenance rTMS for patients with refractory depression. Brain Stimul. 2013;6(3):292–297.

Fitzgerald PB, Hoy KE, Elliot D, Susan McQueen RN, Wambeek LE, Daskalakis ZJ. Accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2018;43(7):1565–1572.

Davidson KM. Diagnosis of depression in alcohol dependence: changes in prevalence with drinking status. Br J Psychiatry. 1995 Feb;166(2):199-204.

Deng ZD, Lisanby SH, Peterchev AV. Coil design considerations for deep transcranial magnetic stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol. 2014;125(6):1202–1212.

Dobkin, R.D., Menza, M., Allen, L.A., Gara, M.A., Mark, M.H., Tiu, J., Bienfait, K.L., Friedman, J. (2011). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression in Parkinson's disease: a randomized, controlled trial. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 168(10), 1066-1074.

Drevets WC, Furey ML. Replication of scopolamine’s antidepressant efficacy in major depressive disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Biol Psychiatry. 2010;67(5):432–438.

Dryden-Edwards R. Seasonal Depression SAD. San Clemente, Calif, USA: e-medicine health; 2015. http://www.emedicinehealth.com/seasonal_depression_sad/article_em.htm.

Du, X., Pang, T.Y., Hannan, A.J. (2013). A Tale of Two Maladies? Pathogenesis of Depression with and without the Huntington's Disease Gene Mutation. Frontiers in Neurology, 4, 81.

Duntas, L.H., Maillis, A. (2013). Hypothyroidism and depression: salient aspects of pathogenesis and management. Minerva Endocrinologica, 38(4), 365-377.

Eagles J. M. Light therapy and seasonal affective disorder. Psychiatry. 2009;8(4):125–129.

El-Khalili N, Joyce M, Atkinson S, et al. Extended-release quetiapine fumarate (quetiapine XR) as adjunctive therapy in major depressive disorder (MDB) in patients with an inadequate response to ongoing antidepressant treatment: a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2010;13(7):917–932.

Elmore S. K. Seasonal affective disorder, part II: phototherapy, an expanded role of the psychosocial nurse. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. 1991;5(6):365–372.

Faridhosseini F, Sadeghi R, Farid L, Pourgholami M. Celecoxib: a new augmentation strategy for depressive mood episodes. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2014;29(3):216–223.

Fava M, Memisoglu A, Thase ME, et al. Opioid modulation with buprenorphine/samidorphan as adjunctive treatment for inadequate response to antidepressants: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry. 2016;173(5):499–508.

Fekadu A, Wooderson S, Donaldson C, et al. A multidimensional tool to quantify treatment resistance in depression: the Maudsley staging method. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009;70(2):177–184.

Fitzgerald PB, Hoy KE, Herring SE, Clinton AM, Downey G, Daskalakis ZJ. Pilot study of the clinical and cognitive effects of high-frequency magnetic seizure therapy in major depressive disorder. Depress Anxiety. 2013;30(2):129–136.

Freeman MP. Relapse prevention after recovery in patients with persistent major depressive disorder-an active pursuit. JAMA Psychiatry. 2019.

Furey ML, Drevets WC. Antidepressant efficacy of the antimuscarinic drug scopolamine: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63(10):1121–1129.

Gallin P. F., Terman M., Reme C. E., Rafferty B., Terman J. S., Burde R. M. Ophthalmologic examination of patients with seasonal affective disorder, before and after bright light therapy. American Journal of Ophthalmology. 1995;119(2):202–210.

Gaynes BN, Lloyd SW, Lux L, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.”. J Clin Psychiatry. 2014;75(5):477–489.

George MS, Lisanby SH, Avery D, et al. Daily left prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy for major depressive disorder: a sham-controlled randomized trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67(5):507–516. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.46

George MS. Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of depression. Expert Rev Neurother. 2010;10(11):1761–1772.

Gilder DA, Wall TL, Ehlers CL. Comorbidity of select anxiety and affective disorders with alcohol dependence in southwest California Indians. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2004 Dec;28(12):1805

Gill J. M., Saligan L. N. Don't let SAD get you down this season. The Nurse Practitioner. 2008;33(12):22–27.

Gloth F. M., III, Alam W., Hollis B. Vitamin D vs broad spectrum phototherapy in the treatment of seasonal affective disorder. Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging. 1999;3(1):5–7

Grant BF, Stinson FS, Dawson DA, Chou SP, Dufour MC, Compton W, Pickering RP, Kaplan K. Prevalence and co-occurrence of substance use disorders and independent mood and anxiety disorders: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004 Aug;61(8):807-16.

Group UER, Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2003;361(9360):799–808

Gunduz-Bruce H, Silber C, Kaul I, et al. Trial of SAGE-217 in patients with major depressive disorder. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(10):903–911.

Guzzetta F, Tondo L, Centorrino F, Baldessarini RJ. Lithium treatment reduces suicide risk in recurrent major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68(3):380–383.

Hairon N. Helping patients to cope with seasonal affective disorder. Nursing Times. 2007;103(46):25–26.

Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960;23:56–62.

Hasler G, van der Veen JW, Tumonis T, Meyers N, Shen J, Drevets WC. Reduced prefrontal glutamate/glutamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in major depression determined using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64(2):193–200. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.64.2.193

Hengartner MP, Passalacqua S, Andreae A, Heinsius T, Hepp U, Rössler W, von Wyl A. Antidepressant Use During Acute Inpatient Care Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Psychiatric Rehospitalisation Over a 12-Month Follow-Up After Discharge. Front Psychiatry. 2019;10:79.

Hoflich G, Kasper S, Hufnagel A, Ruhrmann S, Moller HJ. Application of transcranial magnetic stimulation in treatment of drug-resistant major depression: a report of two cases. Human Psychopharmacol. 1993;8(5):361–365.

Holick M. F. Vitamin D deficiency. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2007;357(3):266–281.

Holtzheimer PE 3rd, McDonald WM, Mufti M, et al. Accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Depress Anxiety. 2010;27(10):960–963. doi: 10.1002/da.v27:10

Holtzheimer PE, Kelley ME, Gross RE, et al. Subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant unipolar and bipolar depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2012;69(2):150–158. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1456

Holzer M, Padberg F. Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) ameliorates therapy-resistant depression: a case series. Brain Stimul. 2010;3(3):181–183.

Horowitz MA, Taylor D. Tapering of SSRI treatment to mitigate withdrawal symptoms. Lancet Psychiatry. 2019 Jun;6(6):538-546.

Howland R. H. Somatic therapies for seasonal affective disorder. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services. 2009;47(1):17–20.

Howren MB, Lamkin DM, Suls J. Associations of depression with C-reactive protein, IL-1, and IL-6: a meta-analysis. Psychosom Med. 2009;71(2):171–186.

Hoy KE, Fitzgerald PB. Magnetic seizure therapy for treatment-resistant depression. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2011;8(6):723–732.

Husain MM, Rush AJ, Fink M, et al. Speed of response and remission in major depressive disorder with acute electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): a Consortium for Research in ECT (CORE) report. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;65(4):485–491.

Ibrahim L, Diazgranados N, Luckenbaugh DA, et al. Rapid decrease in depressive symptoms with an N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist in ECT-resistant major depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011;35(4):1155–1159. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2011.03.019

Ijaz S, Davies P, Williams CJ, Kessler D, Lewis G, Wiles N. Psychological therapies for treatment-resistant depression in adults.”. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;5:CD010558.

Ionescu DF, Luckenbaugh DA, Niciu MJ, et al. Effect of baseline anxious depression on initial and sustained antidepressant response to ketamine. J Clin Psychiatry. 2014;75(9):e932–e938.

Ionescu DF, Luckenbaugh DA, Niciu MJ, Richards EM, Zarate CA Jr. A single infusion of ketamine improves depression scores in patients with anxious bipolar depression. Bipolar Disord. 2015;17(4):438–443.

Ionescu DF, Niciu MJ, Richards EM, Zarate CA Jr. Pharmacologic treatment of dimensional anxious depression: a review. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2014;16(3).

Iosifescu DV, Nierenberg AA, Mischoulon D, et al. An open study of triiodothyronine augmentation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2005;66(8):1038–1042.

Janicak PG, O’Reardon JP, Sampson SM, et al. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a comprehensive summary of safety experience from acute exposure, extended exposure, and during reintroduction treatment. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;69(2):222–232.

Kasper S., Wehr T. A., Bartko J. J., Gaist P. A., Rosenthal N. E. Epidemiological findings of seasonal changes in mood and behavior. A telephone survey of Montgomery County, Maryland. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1989;46(9):823–833. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810090065010.

Kaster TS, Daskalakis ZJ, Noda Y, et al. Efficacy, tolerability, and cognitive effects of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for late-life depression: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2018;43(11):2231–2238.

Kato N. Neurophysiological mechanisms of electroconvulsive therapy for depression. Neurosci Res. 2009;64(1):3–11. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2009.01.014

Kayser S, Bewernick BH, Matusch A, Hurlemann R, Soehle M, Schlaepfer TE. Magnetic seizure therapy in treatment-resistant depression: clinical, neuropsychological and metabolic effects. Psychol Med. 2015;45(5):1073–1092.

Keitner GI, Garlow SJ, Ryan CE, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of risperidone augmentation for patients with difficult-to-treat unipolar, non-psychotic major depression. J Psychiatr Res. 2009;43(3):205–214.

Keitner GI, Ryan CE, Solomon DA. Realistic expectations and a disease management model for depressed patients with persistent symptoms. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006;67(9):1412–1421.

Keller MB, Shapiro RW, Lavori PW, Wolfe N. Recovery in major depressive disorder: analysis with the life table and regression models. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1982;39(8):905–910.

Kellner CH, Husain MM, Knapp RG, et al. A novel strategy for continuation ECT in geriatric depression: phase 2 of the PRIDE study. Am J Psychiatry. 2016;173(11):1110–1118.

Kelly TF, Lieberman DZ. Long term augmentation with T3 in refractory major depression. J Affect Disord. 2009;115(1–2):230–233.

Kennedy SH, Giacobbe P, Rizvi SJ, et al. Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: follow-up after 3 to 6 years. Am J Psychiatry. 2011;168(5):502–510.

Kerr D. C., Zava D. T., Piper W. T., Saturn S. R., Frei B., Gombart A. F. Associations between vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms in healthy young adult women. Psychiatry Research. 2015;227(1):46–51

Kiss J.P., Szasz B.K., Fodor L., Mike A., Lenkey N., Kurkó D., Nagy J., Vizi E.S. GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors as possible targets for the neuroprotective and antidepressant effects of fluoxetine. Neurochem. Int. 2012;60: 170–176.

Kjærgaard M., Waterloo K., Wang C. E. A., et al. Effect of vitamin D supplement on depression scores in people with low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: nested case-control study and randomized clinical trial. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2012;201(5):360–368.

Knappe S, Einsle F, Rummel-Kluge C, Heinz I, Wieder G, Venz J, Schouler-Ocak M, Wittchen HU, Lieb R, Hoye J, Schmitt J, Bergmann A, Beesdo-Baum K. [Simple guideline-oriented supportive tools in primary care: Effects on adherence to the S3/NV guideline unipolar depression]. Z Psychosom Med Psychother. 2018 Sep;64(3):298-311.

Lam R. W., Levitt A. J., Levitan R. D., et al. The can-SAD study: a randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of light therapy and fluoxetine in patients with winter seasonal affective disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2006;163(5):805–812.

Leiknes KA, Jarosh-von Schweder L, Hoie B. Contemporary use and practice of electroconvulsive therapy worldwide. Brain Behav. 2012;2(3):283–344.

Levkovitz Y, Isserles M, Padberg F, et al. Efficacy and safety of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depression: a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial. World Psychiatry. 2015;14(1):64–73.

Lewy A. J., Lefler B. J., Emens J. S., Bauer V. K. The circadian basis of winter depression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2006;103(19):7414–7419.

Li CT, Chen MH, Juan CH, et al. Efficacy of prefrontal theta-burst stimulation in refractory depression: a randomized sham-controlled study. Brain. 2014;137(Pt 7):2088–2098.

Lieb J, Karmali R, Horrobin D. Elevated levels of prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane B2 in depression. Prostaglandins Leukot Med. 1983;10(4):361–367.

Lisanby SH. Update on magnetic seizure therapy: a novel form of convulsive therapy. J ECT. 2002;18(4):182–188.

Lontis ER, Voigt M, Struijk JJ. Focality assessment in transcranial magnetic stimulation with double and cone coils. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2006;23(5):462–471.

Lozano AM, Giacobbe P, Hamani C, et al. A multicenter pilot study of subcallosal cingulate area deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. J Neurosurg. 2012;116(2):315–322.

Lozano AM, Mayberg HS, Giacobbe P, Hamani C, Craddock RC, Kennedy SH. Subcallosal cingulate gyrus deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;64(6):461–467.

Lurie S. J., Gawinski B., Pierce D., Rousseau S. J. Seasonal affective disorder. American Family Physician. 2006;74(9):1521–1524.

Luscher B, Shen Q, Sahir N. The GABAergic deficit hypothesis of major depressive disorder. Mol Psychiatry. 2011;16(4):383–406.

Mahdi, N., Al-Ola, K., Khalek, N.A., Almawi, W.Y. (2010). Depression, anxiety, and stress comorbidities in sickle cell anemia patients with vaso-occlusive crisis. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, 32(5), 345-349.

Mahmoud RA, Pandina GJ, Turkoz I, et al. Risperidone for treatment-refractory major depressive disorder: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147(9):593–602.

Malhi GS, Parker GB, Crawford J, Wilhelm K, Mitchell PB. Treatment-resistant depression: resistant to definition? Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2005;112(4):302–309.

Mangla K, Hoffman MC, Trumpff C, O'Grady S, Monk C. Maternal self-harm deaths: an unrecognized and preventable outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Oct;221(4):295-303.

Marcus RN, McQuade RD, Carson WH, et al. The efficacy and safety of aripiprazole as adjunctive therapy in major depressive disorder: a second multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008;28(2):156–165.

Mathew SJ, Murrough JW, Aan Het Rot M, Collins KA, Reich DL, Charney DS. Riluzole for relapse prevention following intravenous ketamine in treatment-resistant depression: a pilot randomized, placebo-controlled continuation trial.”. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2010;13(1):71–82.

Mayberg HS, Lozano AM, Voon V, et al. Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Neuron. 2005;45(5):651–660.

McGirr A, Van den Eynde F, Tovar-Perdomo S, Fleck MP, Berlim MT. Effectiveness and acceptability of accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder: an open label trial. J Affect Disord. 2015;173: 216–220.

McGrath PJ, Stewart JW, Fava M, et al. Tranylcypromine versus venlafaxine plus mirtazapine following three failed antidepressant medication trials for depression: a STAR*D report. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163(9):1531–1541.

McLachlan G. Treatment resistant depression: what are the options? BMJ. 2018;363:k5354.

Mcleod A., Clemency C. 8 do's & don'ts of mental health: integrating behavioral health treatment into primary care practice. Advance Healthcare Network for NPs & PAs. 2011;2(6):35–36.

McMahon B., Andersen S., Madsen M., et al. P.1.i.037 Patients with seasonal affective disorder show seasonal fluctuations in their cerebral serotonin transporter binding. European Neuropsychopharmacology. 2014;24(supplem.2):p.S319.

Meltzer-Brody S, Colquhoun H, Riesenberg R, et al. Brexanolone injection in post-partum depression: two multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 trials. Lancet. 2018;392(10152):1058–1070.

Mersch P. P. A., Vastenburg N. C., Meesters Y., et al. The reliability and validity of the seasonal pattern assessment questionnaire: a comparison between patient groups. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2004;80(2-3):209–219.

Miller A. L. Epidemiology, etiology, and natural treatment of seasonal affective disorder. Alternative Medicine Review. 2005;10(1):5–13.

Modell J. G., Rosenthal N. E., Harriett A. E., et al. Seasonal affective disorder and its prevention by anticipatory treatment with bupropion XL. Biological Psychiatry. 2005;58(8):658–667.

Monaghan D.T., Irvine M.W., Costa B.M., Fang G., Jane D.E. Pharmacological modulation of NMDA receptor activity and the advent of negative and positive allosteric modulators. Neurochem. Int. 2012;61: 581–592.

Morgan L., Gartlehner G., Nussbaumer B., et al. Efficacy and harms of second-generation antidepressants for the prevention of seasonal affective disorder: a systematic review. European Psychiatry. 2015;30(supplement 1):808.

Murray G., Michalak E. E., Levitt A. J., et al. Therapeutic mechanism in seasonal affective disorder: do fluoxetine and light operate through advancing circadian phase? Chronobiology International. 2005;22(5):937–943.

Murrough JW, Perez AM, Pillemer S, et al. Rapid and longer-term antidepressant effects of repeated ketamine infusions in treatment-resistant major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;74(4):250–256.

Mutz J, Vipulananthan V, Carter B, Hurlemann R, Fu CHY, Young AH. Comparative efficacy and acceptability of non-surgical brain stimulation for the acute treatment of major depressive episodes in adults: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2019;364: l1079.

Myrick H, Cluver J, Swavely S, Peters H. Diagnosis and treatment of co-occurring affective disorders and substance use disorders. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2004 Dec;27(4):649-59.

Na KS, Lee KJ, Lee JS, Cho YS, Jung HY. Efficacy of adjunctive celecoxib treatment for patients with major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2014; 48:79–85.

Naguy A, Alamiri B, Al Awadhi DS. Treatment-resistant depression: A plea to mull over! Asian J Psychiatr. 2018; 36:69–70.

Naguy A. Brexanolone and postpartum depression: what does it have to do with GABA? Arch Women’s Ment Health. 2019;22(6):833–834.

Namkung H, Lee BJ, Sawa A. Causal Inference on Pathophysiological Mediators in Psychiatry. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2018; 83:17-23.

Nelson JC, Baumann P, Delucchi K, Joffe R, Katona C. A systematic review and meta-analysis of lithium augmentation of tricyclic and second-generation antidepressants in major depression. J Affect Disord. 2014; 168:269–275.

Newton-Howes G, Tyrer P, Johnson T, et al. Influence of personality on the outcome of treatment in depression: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pers Disord. 2014;28(4):577–593.

Nierenberg AA, Fava M, Trivedi MH, et al. A comparison of lithium and T(3) augmentation following two failed medication treatments for depression: a STAR*D report. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163(9):1519–1530.

O’Reardon JP, Blumner KH, Peshek AD, Pradilla RR, Pimiento PC. Long-term maintenance therapy for major depressive disorder with rTMS. J Clin Psychiatry. 2005;66(12):1524–1528.

O’Reardon JP, Solvason HB, Janicak PG, et al. Efficacy and safety of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the acute treatment of major depression: a multisite randomized controlled trial. Biol Psychiatry. 2007;62(11):1208–1216.

Ormel J, Kessler RC, Schoevers R. Depression: more treatment but no drop in prevalence: how effective is treatment? And can we do better? Curr Opin. Psychiatry. 2019 Jul;32(4):348-354.

Ossowska, K., Lorenc-Koci, E. (2013). Depression in Parkinson's disease. Pharmacological Reports, 65(6), 1545-1557.

Overy C., Tansey E. The Recent History of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) Vol. 51. London, UK: University of London; 2014. (Wellcome Witnesses to Contemporary Medicine).

Owen R.T. Glutamatergic approaches in major depressive disorder: Focus on ketamine, memantine and riluzole. Drugs Today (Barc.) 2012;48:469–478.

Øyane N. M., Ursin R., Pallesen S., Holsten F., Bjorvatn B. Increased health risk in subjects with high self-reported seasonality. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(3)

Pagnin D, de Queiroz V, Pini S, Cassano GB. Efficacy of ECT in depression: a meta-analytic review. J ECT. 2004;20(1):13–20.

Papakostas GI, Fava M, Thase ME. Treatment of SSRI-resistant depression: a meta-analysis comparing within- versus across-class switches. Biol Psychiat 2008;63(7):699–704

Parker GB, Malhi GS, Crawford JG, Thase ME. Identifying “paradigm failures” contributing to treatment-resistant depression. J Affect Disord. 2005;87(2–3):185–191.

Patten SB, Barbui C. Drug-induced depression: a systematic review to inform clinical practice. Psychother Psychosom. 2004 Jul-Aug;73(4):207-15.

Penckofer S., Kouba J., Byrn M., Ferrans C. E. Vitamin D and depression: where is all the sunshine. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2010;31(6):385–393.

Petersen T, Papakostas GI, Posternak MA, et al. Empirical testing of two models for staging antidepressant treatment resistance. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2005;25(4):336–341.

Pham TH, Gardier AM. Fast-acting antidepressant activity of ketamine: highlights on brain serotonin, glutamate, and GABA neurotransmission in preclinical studies. Pharmacol Ther. 2019 Jul;199:58-90.

Post RM. The new news about lithium: an underutilized treatment in the United States. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2018;43(5):1174–1179.

Praschak-Rieder N., Willeit M. Treatment of seasonal affective disorders. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. 2003;5(4):389–398.

Quello SB, Brady KT, Sonne SC. Mood disorders and substance use disorder: a complex comorbidity. Sci Pract Perspect. 2005 Dec;3(1):13-21.

Raison CL, Rutherford RE, Woolwine BJ, et al. A randomized controlled trial of the tumor necrosis factor antagonist infliximab for treatment-resistant depression: the role of baseline inflammatory biomarkers. JAMA Psychiatry. 2013;70(1):31–41.

Rastad C., Ulfberg J., Lindberg P. Improvement in fatigue, sleepiness, and health-related quality of life with bright light treatment in persons with seasonal affective disorder and Subsyndromal SAD. Depression Research and Treatment. 2011; 2011:10.

Richards EM, Mathews DC, Luckenbaugh DA, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial of the delta opioid receptor agonist AZD2327 in anxious depression. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2016;233(6):1119–1130. doi: 10.1007/s00213-015-4195-4

Rohan K. J., Mahon J. N., Evans M., et al. Randomized trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy versus light therapy for seasonal affective disorder: acute outcomes. The American Journal of Psychiatry. 2015;172(9):862–869.

Rootes-Murdy K, Carlucci M, Tibbs M, Wachtel LE, Sherman MF, Zandi PP, Reti IM. Non-suicidal self-injury and electroconvulsive therapy: Outcomes in adolescent and young adult populations. J Affect Disord. 2019 May 01; 250:94-98.

Rosen L. N., Targum S. D., Terman M., et al. Prevalence of seasonal affective disorder at four latitudes. Psychiatry Research. 1990;31(2):131–144.

Rosenthal N. E. Issues for DSM-V: seasonal affective disorder and seasonality. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2009;166(8):852–853.

Roth Y, Zangen A, Hallett M. A coil design for transcranial magnetic stimulation of deep brain regions. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2002;19(4):361–370.

Rush AJ, Gullion CM, Basco MR, Jarrett RB, Trivedi MH. The Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS): psychometric properties. Psychol Med. 1996;26(3):477–486. doi: 10.1017/S0033291700035558

Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Wisniewski SR, et al. Acute and longer-term outcomes in depressed outpatients requiring one or several treatment steps: a STAR*D report. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163(11):1905–1917.

Sackeim HA. The definition and meaning of treatment-resistant depression. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62(Suppl 16):10–17

Salloum IM, Cornelius JR, Daley DC, Kirisci L, Himmelhoch JM, Thase ME. Efficacy of valproate maintenance in patients with bipolar disorder and alcoholism: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005 Jan;62(1):37-45.

Samoudi AM, Tanghe E, Martens L, Joseph W. Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation: improved coil design and assessment of the induced fields using MIDA model. Biomed Res Int. 2018;(2018:7061420.

Sanacora G, Gueorguieva R, Epperson CN, et al. Subtype-specific alterations of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate in patients with major depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004;61(7):705–713.

Saracino RM, Nelson CJ. Identification and treatment of depressive disorders in older adults with cancer. J Geriatr Oncol. 2019 Sep;10(5):680-684.

Schuckit MA, Smith TL, Danko GP, Pierson J, Trim R, Nurnberger JI, Kramer J, Kuperman S, Bierut LJ, Hesselbrock V. A comparison of factors associated with substance-induced versus independent depressions. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2007 Nov;68(6):805-12.

Shelton RC, Tollefson GD, Tohen M, et al. A novel augmentation strategy for treating resistant major depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2001;158(1):131–134.

Shelton RC. Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2019; 250:145-180.

Souery D, Oswald P, Massat I, et al., D. Group for the Study of Resistant. Clinical factors associated with treatment resistance in major depressive disorder: results from a European multicenter study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68(7):1062–1070.

Stalder-Lüthy, F., Messerli-Bürgy, N., Hofer, H., Frischknecht, E., Znoj, H., Barth, J. (2013). Effect of psychological interventions on depressive symptoms in long-term rehabilitation after an acquired brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 94(7), 1386-1397.

Steinhausen H.-C., Gundelfinger R., Winkler Metzke C. Prevalence of self-reported seasonal affective disorders and the validity of the seasonal pattern assessment questionnaire in young adults: Findings from a Swiss community study. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2009;115(3):347–354.

Stewart A. E., Roecklein K. A., Tanner S., Kimlin M. G. Possible contributions of skin pigmentation and vitamin D in a polyfactorial model of seasonal affective disorder. Medical Hypotheses. 2014;83(5):517–525.

Strawbridge R, Arnone D, Danese A, Papadopoulos A, Herane Vives A, Cleare AJ. Inflammation and clinical response to treatment in depression: A meta-analysis. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015;25(10):1532–1543.

Suppa A, Huang YZ, Funke K, et al. Ten years of theta burst stimulation in humans: established knowledge, unknowns and prospects. Brain Stimul.2016;9(3):323–335.

Tanner J, Zeffiro T, Wyss D, Perron N, Rufer M, Mueller-Pfeiffer C. Psychiatric Symptom Profiles Predict Functional Impairment. Front Psychiatry.2019;10:37.

Terman M., Terman J. S. Light therapy for seasonal and nonseasonal depression: efficacy, protocol, safety, and side effects. CNS Spectrums. 2005;10(8):647–663.

Thaler K., Delivuk M., Chapman A., Gaynes B. N., Kaminski A., Gartlehner G. Second-generation antidepressants for seasonal affective disorder. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2011;7(12)

Thase ME, Rush AJ, Howland RH, et al. Double-blind switch study of imipramine or sertraline treatment of antidepressant-resistant chronic depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59(3):233–239.

Thompson C., Thompson S., Smith R. Prevalence of seasonal affective disorder in primary care; a comparison of the seasonal health questionnaire and the seasonal pattern assessment questionnaire. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2004;78(3):219–226.

Tolliver BK, Anton RF. Assessment and treatment of mood disorders in the context of substance abuse. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015 Jun;17(2):181-90.

van Bronswijk S, Moopen N, Beijers L, Ruhe HG, Peeters F. Effectiveness of psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. Psychol Med. 2019;49(3):366–379.

van Duijn, E., Reedeker, N., Giltay, E.J., Eindhoven, D., Roos, R.A., van der Mast, R.C. 2014, Course of irritability, depression and apathy in Huntington's disease in relation to motor symptoms during a two-year follow-up period. Neurodegenerative Diseases, 13(1), 9-16.

Virk G., Reeves G., Rosenthal N. E., Sher L., Postolache T. T. Short exposure to light treatment improves depression scores in patients with seasonal affective disorder: a brief report. International Journal on Disability and Human Development. 2009;8(3):283–286.

Wehr T. A., Duncan W. C., Jr., Sher L., et al. A circadian signal of change of season in patients with seasonal affective disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2001;58(12):1108–1114.

Wilkinson ST, Agbese E, Leslie DL, Rosenheck RA. Identifying recipients of electroconvulsive therapy: data from privately insured Americans. Psychiatr Serv. 2018;69(5):542–548.

Williams NR, Sudheimer KD, Bentzley BS, et al. High-dose spaced theta-burst TMS as a rapid-acting antidepressant in highly refractory depression. Brain. 2018;141(3):e18.

Wisner KL, Stika CS, Ciolino JD. The first food and drug administration-indicated drug for postpartum depression-brexanolone. JAMA Psychiatry, 2019;76:1001.

Xu Y, Hackett M, Carter G, et al. Effects of low-dose and very low-dose ketamine among patients with major depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016;19(4).

Zanos P, Gould TD. Mechanisms of ketamine action as an antidepressant. Mol Psychiatry. 2018;23(4):801–811.

Zauderer C., Ganzer C. A. Seasonal affective disorder: an overview. Mental Health Practice. 2015;18(9):21–24.

Zhou X, Ravindran AV, Qin B, et al. Comparative efficacy, acceptability, and tolerability of augmentation agents in treatment-resistant depression: systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015;76(4): e487–e498.