Endoscopic Bariatric Procedures

GBD 2015 Obesity Collaborators, Afshin A et. al. Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years. N Engl J Med. 2017 Jul 6;377(1):13-27. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1614362.

Crujeiras AB, Goyenechea E, Abete I, et al. Weight regain after a diet-induced loss is predicted by higher 94 baseline leptin and lower ghrelin plasma levels. Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:5037-44. doi: 10.1210/jc.2009-2566.

Scerbo, M.H., Felinski, M.M., Bajwa, K.S., et al. (2020). Endoscopic Primary Bariatric Procedures. In: Nguyen, N., Brethauer, S., Morton, J., Ponce, J., Rosenthal, R. (eds) The ASMBS Textbook of Bariatric Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27021-6_36.

DeBakey M, Ochsner A. Bezoars and concretions: a comprehensive review of the literature with an analysis of 303 collected cases and a presentation of 8 additional cases. Surgery. 1938;4:934–63.

Gleysteen JJ. A history of intragastric balloons. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016;12:430–5. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2015.10.074.

Benjamin SB, Maher KA, Cattau EL Jr, et al. Double-blind controlled trial of Garren-Edwards gastric bubble: an adjunctive treatment for exogenous obesity. Gastroenterol. 1988;95:581–8. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5085(88)80001-5.

Lindor KD, Hughes RW Jr, Ilstrup DM, et al. Intragastricballoons in comparison with standard therapy for obesity–a random double-blind trial. Mayo Clin Proc 1987;62:992–6. 6. Hogan RB, Johnston JH, Long BW, et al. A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial of the gastric bubble for obesity. Gastrointest Endosc 1989;35:381–5.

Ramhanadany EM, Fowler J, Baird IM. Effect of gastric balloon versus sham procedure on weight loss in obese subjects. Gut. 1989;30:1054–7.

Galloro G, De Palma GD, Catanzano C, et al. Preliminary endoscopic technical report of a new silicone intragastric balloon in the treatment of morbid obesity. Obes Surg. 1999;9:68–71. doi: 10.1381/096089299765553827.

Ponce J, Lutfi RE. Intragastric Balloon Therapy. Nguyen NT , Brethauer A, Morton JM, Ponce J, Rosenthal RJ (eds.) The ASMBS Textbook of Bariatric Surgery. 2nd ed. Switzerland: Springer; 2020. p. 375-381.

Abu Dayyeh BK, Maselli DB, Rapaka B, et al. Adjustable intragastric balloon for treatment of obesity: a multicentre, open-label, randomised clinical trial. Lancet. 2021 Nov 27;398(10315):1965-1973. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02649-0.

Neto MG, Silva LB, Grecco E, et al. Brazilian intragastric balloon consensus statement (BIBC): practical guidelines based on experience of over 40,000 cases. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018;14(2):151–159. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.09.528.

Mion F, Napoleon B, Roman S, et al. Effects of intragastric balloon on gastric emptying and plasma ghrelin levels in non-morbid obese patients. Obes Surg. 2005;15(4):510–516. doi: 10.1381/0960892053723411.

Su HJ, Kao CH, Chen WC, et al. Effect of intragastric balloon on gastric emptying time in humans for weight control. Clin Nucl Med. 2013;38:863–868. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000000224.

Courcoulas A, Abu Dayyeh BK, Eaton L, et al. Intragastric balloon as an adjunct to lifestyle intervention: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Obes. 2017;41(3):427–433. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2016.229.

Silva LB, Neto MG. Intragastric balloon. Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol. 2022 Apr;31(4):505-514. doi: 10.1080/13645706.2021.1874420.

Moore RL, Seger MV, Garber SM, et al. Clinical safety and effectiveness of a swallowable gas-filled intragastric balloon system for weight loss: consecutively treated patients in the initial year of U.S. commercialization. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2019;15(3): 417–423. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2018.12.007.

Machytka E, Klvana P, Kornbluth A, et al. Adjustable intragastric balloons: a 12-month pilot trial in endoscopic weight loss management. Obes Surg. 2011;21(10):1499–1507. doi: 10.1007/s11695-011-0424-z.

Vantanasiri K, Matar R, Beran A, et al. The efficacy and safety of a procedureless gastric balloon for weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis.OBES Surg. 2020;30(9):3341–3346. doi: 10.1007/s11695-020-04522-3.

Lecumberri E, Krekshi W, Matía P, et al. Effectiveness and safety of air-filled balloon Heliosphere BAG® in 82 consecutive obese patients. Obes Surg. 2011 Oct;21(10):1508-12. doi: 10.1007/s11695-010-0314-9.

Giardiello C, Borrelli A, Silvestri E, et al. Air-filled vs water-filled intragastric balloon: a prospective randomized study. Obes Surg. 2012;22(12):1916–1919. doi: 10.1007/s11695-012-0786-x.

ORBERA™ Intragastric Balloon System – P140008. https://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ProductsandMedicalProcedures/ DeviceApprovalsandClearances/Recently-ApprovedDevices/ucm457416.htm. Accessed 20 Dec 2024.

Obalon Balloon System – P160001. https://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Product sandMedicalProcedures/DeviceApprovalsandClearances/Recently-ApprovedDevices/ucm520741.htm. Accessed 20 Dec 2024.

The FDA alerts health care providers about potential risks with fluid-filled intragastric balloons. https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/resourcesforyou/healthcareproviders/ucm540655.htm. Accessed 20 Dec 2024.

Usuy E, Brooks J. Response Rates with the Spatz3 Adjustable Balloon. Obes Surg 2018;28:1271-6. doi: 10.1007/s11695-017-2994-x.

Ramai D, Singh J, Mohan BP, et al. Influence of the Elipse Intragastric Balloon on Obesity and Metabolic Profile: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2021 Nov-Dec 01;55(10):836-841. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001484.

Keren D, Rainis T. Intragastric Balloons for Overweight Populations-1 Year Post Removal. Obes Surg 2018;28:2368-73. doi: 10.1007/s11695-018-3167-2.

Zurawinski W, Sokolowski D, Krupa-Kotara K, et al. Evaluation of the results of treatment of morbid obesity by the endoscopic intragastric balloon implantation method. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2017;12:37-48. doi: 10.5114/wiitm.2017.66856.

Almeghaiseeb ES, Ashraf MF, Alamro RA, et al. Efficacy of intragastric balloon on weight reduction: Saudi perspective. World J Clin Cases. 2017 Apr 16;5(4):140-147. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v5.i4.140.

Gollisch KSC, Raddatz D. Endoscopic intragastric balloon: a gimmick or a viable option for obesity? Ann Transl Med. 2020 Mar;8(Suppl 1):S8. doi: 10.21037/atm.2019.09.67. doi: 10.21037/atm.2019.09.67.

Sallet JA, Marchesini JB, Paiva DS, et al. Brazilian multicenter study of the intragastric balloon. Obes Surg. 2004;14(7):991–998. doi: 10.1381/0960892041719671.

Matar ZS, Mohamed AA, Abukhater M, et al. Small bowel obstruction due to air-filled intragastric balloon. Obes Surg. 2009;19(12):1727–1730. doi: 10.1007/s11695-009-9880-0.

Vanden Eynden F, Urbain P. Small intestine gastric balloon impaction treated by laparoscopic surgery. Obes Surg. 2001;11(5):646–648. doi: 10.1381/09608920160556913.

Abu Dayyeh BK, Rajan E, Gostout CJ. Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty: a potential endoscopic alternative to surgical sleeve gastrectomy for treatment of obesity. Gastrointest Endosc. 2013 Sep;78(3):530-5. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2013.04.197.

Devière J, Ojeda Valdes G, Cuevas Herrera L, et al. Safety, feasibility and weight loss after transoral gastroplasty: first human multicenter study. Surg Endosc. 2008;22(3):589–98. doi: 10.1007/s00464-007-9662-5.

Fogel R, De Fogel J, Bonilla Y, et al. Clinical experience of transoral suturing for an endoluminal vertical gastroplasty: 1-year follow-up in 64 patients. Gastrointest Endosc. 2008;68:51–58. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2007.10.061.

Moreno C, Closset J, Dugardeyn S, Baréa M, et al. Transoral gastroplasty is safe, feasible, and induces significant weight loss in morbidly obese patients: results of the second human pilot study. Endoscopy. 2008;40(5):406–13. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-995748.

Familiari P, Costamagna G, Bléro D, et al.Transoral gastroplasty for morbid obesity: a multicenter trial with a 1-year outcome. Gastrointest Endosc. 2011;74(6):1248–58. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2011.08.046.

Espinós JC, Turró R, Moragas G, Bronstone A, et al. Gastrointestinal physiological changes and their relationship to weight loss following the POSE procedure. Obes Surg. 2016;26(5):1081–9. doi: 10.1007/s11695-015-1863-8.

López-Nava G, Bautista-Castaño I, Jimenez A, et al. The primary obesity surgery Endolumenal (POSE) procedure: one-year patient weight loss and safety outcomes. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2015;11(4):861–5. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2014.09.026.

Miller K, Turró R, Greve JW, et al. MILEPOST multicenter randomized controlled trial: 12-month weight loss and satiety outcomes after pose (SM) vs. medical therapy. Obes Surg. 2017;27(2):310–22. doi: 10.1007/s11695-016-2295-9.

Sullivan S, Swain JM, Woodman G, Antonetti M, et al. Randomized sham-controlled trial evaluating efficacy and safety of endoscopic gastric plication for primary obesity: The ESSENTIAL trial. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2017 Feb;25(2):294-301. doi: 10.1002/oby.21702.

Cummings DE, Schauer PR. Endoscopic gastric plication for obesity: Where might it fit in the scheme of things? Obesity (Silver Spring). 2017 Feb;25(2):284-285. doi: 10.1002/oby.21766.

Ahishali E. Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty for obesity: a multicenter study of 248 patients with 24 months follow-up. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2018;29(3):373–4. doi: 10.5152/tjg.2018.180501.

Lopez-Nava G, Sharaiha RZ, Vargas EJ, et al.Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty for obesity: a multicenter study of 248 patients with 24 months follow-up. Obes Surg. 2017;27(10):2649–55. doi: 10.1007/s11695-017-2693-7.

Sharaiha RZ, Kumta NA, Saumoy M, et al. Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty significantly reduces body mass index and metabolic complications in obese patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;15(4):504–10. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.12.012.

Kumar N, Abu Dayyeh BK, Lopez-Nava Breviere G, et al. Endoscopic sutured gastroplasty: procedure evolution from first-in-man cases through current technique. Surg Endosc. 2018;32(4):2159–64. doi: 10.1007/s00464-017-5869-2.

Graus Morales J, Crespo Pérez L, Marques A, et al. Modified endoscopic gastroplasty for the treatment of obesity. Surg Endosc. 2018;32(9):3936–42. doi: 10.1007/s00464-018-6133-0.

Sartoretto A, Sui Z, Hill C, et al. Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is a reproducible and effective endoscopic bariatric therapy suitable for widespread clinical adoption: a large, international multicenter study. Obes Surg. 2018;28(7):1812–21. doi: 10.1007/s11695-018-3135-x.

Abu Dayyeh BK, Acosta A, Camilleri M, et al. Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty alters gastric physiology and induces loss of body weight in obese individuals. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;15(1):37–43.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2015.12.030.

Kumar N, Sullivan S, Thompson CC. The role of endoscopic therapy in obesity management: intragastric balloons and aspiration therapy. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2017 Jul 6;10:311-316. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S95118.

Sullivan S, Edmundowicz SA, Thompson CC. Endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies: new and emerging technologies. Gastroenterology. 2017;152(7):1791–801. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.044.

Lee HL. Role of Restrictive Endoscopic Procedures in Obesity Treatment. Clin Endosc. 2017 Jan;50(1):17-20. doi: 10.5946/ce.2017.022.

Choi YI, Kim KO. Experimental Gastric Non-Balloon Devices. Clin Endosc. 2018 Sep;51(5):420-424. doi: 10.5946/ce.2018.150.

Thompson CC, Abu Dayyeh BK, Kushner R, et al. Percutaneous Gastrostomy Device for the Treatment of Class II and Class III Obesity: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017 Mar;112(3):447-457. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2016.500.

Yen YA, Wang CC, Sung WW, et al. Intragastric injection of botulinum toxin A for weight loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022 Jun;37(6):983-992. doi: 10.1111/jgh.15847.

Foschi D, Corsi F, Lazzaroni M, et al. Treatment of morbid obesity by intraparietogastric administration of botulinum toxin: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Int J Obes . 2007 Apr;31(4):707-12. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803451.

Sánchez Torralvo FJ, Vázquez Pedreño L, Gonzalo Marín M, Endoscopic intragastric injection of botulinum toxin A in obese patients on bariatric surgery waiting lists: A randomised double-blind study (IntraTox study). Clin Nutr. 2021 Apr;40(4):1834-1842. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.10.008.

Osio M, Mailland E, Muscia F, et al. Botulinum neurotoxin-A does not spread to distant muscles after intragastric injection: A double-blind single-fiber electromyography study. Muscle Nerve. 2010 Aug;42(2):165-9. doi: 10.1002/mus.21662.

Mittermair R, Keller C, Geibel J. Intragastric injection of botulinum toxin A for the treatment of obesity. Obes Surg. 2007 Jun;17(6):732-6. doi: 10.1007/s11695-007-9135-x.

de Moura EGH, Ribeiro IB, Frazão MSV, et al. EUS-Guided Intragastric Injection of Botulinum Toxin A in the Preoperative Treatment of Super-Obese Patients: a Randomized Clinical Trial. Obes Surg. 2019 Jan;29(1):32-39. doi: 10.1007/s11695-018-3470-y.

Chang PC, Jhou HJ, Chen PH, et al. Intragastric Botulinum Toxin A Injection Is an Effective Obesity Therapy for Patients with BMI > 40 kg/m2: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Obes Surg. 2020 Oct;30(10):4081-4090. doi: 10.1007/s11695-020-04842-4.

Arabpour E, Golmoradi H, Tape PMK, et al. Intragastric botulinum toxin injection for weight loss: current trends, shortcomings and future perspective. Clin Endosc. 2025 Jan;58(1):10-24. doi: 10.5946/ce.2024.153.

Hennen C, Demir S, Dafsari HS, et al. Botulism after intragastric botulinum toxin injections for weight reduction. Eur J Neurol. 2023 Dec;30(12):3979-3981. doi: 10.1111/ene.16040.

Sandler BJ, Rumbaut R, Swain CP, et al. Human experience with an endoluminal, endoscopic, gastrojejunal bypass sleeve. Surg Endosc. 2011;25(9):3028–33. doi: 10.1007/s00464-011-1665-6.

Sandler BJ, Rumbaut R, Swain CP, et al. One-year human experience with a novel endoluminal, endoscopic gastric bypass sleeve for morbid obesity. Surg Endosc. 2015 Nov;29(11):3298-303. doi: 10.1007/s00464-015-4081-5.

Na HK, De Moura DTH; Study Group for Endoscopic Bariatric and Metabolic Therapies of the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Various Novel and Emerging Technologies in Endoscopic Bariatric and Metabolic Treatments. Clin Endosc. 2021 Jan;54(1):25-31. doi: 10.5946/ce.2021.021.

Rubino F, Forgione A, Cummings DE, et al. The mechanism of diabetes control after gastrointestinal bypass surgery reveals a role of the proximal small intestine in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Ann Surg. 2006 Nov;244(5):741-9. doi: 10.1097/01.sla.0000224726.61448.1b.

Dixon JB, le Roux CW, Rubino F, et al. Bariatric surgery for type 2 diabetes. Lancet. 2012 Jun 16;379(9833):2300-11. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60401-2.

Rodriguez-Grunert L, Galvao Neto MP, Alamo M, et al. First human experience with endoscopically delivered and retrieved duodenal-jejunal bypass sleeve. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2008 Jan-Feb;4(1):55-9. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2007.07.012