Bilişsel Kopma Sendromu

Apaydın, Z., Kaşak, M., Karakaya, O., Ogutlu, H., Uğurlu, M., & Mcnicholas, F. (2025). The Relationship Between Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome in Children and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome, Depression, and Anxiety Levels in Their Parents. Journal of Attention Disorders, 29, 503 - 514. https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547251323029.

Akman, Ö., & Sarıgedik, E. (2025). Cognitive disengagement syndrome: The same as or different from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder? An examination based on biochemical parameters.. Journal of psychiatric research, 182, 270-276 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.029.

Barkley, R. A. (2018). A review of research on SCT. In R. Barkley (Ed.), Barkley sluggish cognitive tempo scale—children and adolescents (BSCTS-CA) (pp. 4–66). Guilford Press.

Barkley, R. A., DuPaul, G. J., & McMurray, M. B. (1990). Comprehensive evaluation of attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity as defined by research criteria. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 58(6), 775–789. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006x.58.6.775

Barkley R. A. (2016). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: A (Misnamed) Second Attention Disorder?. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(3), 157–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2015.12.007

Barkley R. A. (2014). Sluggish cognitive tempo (concentration deficit disorder?): current status, future directions, and a plea to change the name. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 42(1), 117–125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-013-9824-y

Barkley R. A. (2012). Distinguishing sluggish cognitive tempo from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. Journal of abnormal psychology, 121(4), 978–990. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023961

Barkley R. A. (2013). Distinguishing sluggish cognitive tempo from ADHD in children and adolescents: executive functioning, impairment, and comorbidity. Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, 42(2), 161–173. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2012.734259

Becker, S., & Barkley, R. (2018). Sluggish cognitive tempo. Oxford Medicine Online. https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780198739258.003.0015.

Becker, S. P., Willcutt, E. G., Leopold, D. R., Fredrick, J. W., Smith, Z. R., Jacobson, L. A. et al. (2023). Report of a Work Group on Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: Key Research Directions and a Consensus Change in Terminology to Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 62(6), 629–645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2022.07.821

Becker, S. P., Marshall, S. A., & McBurnett, K. (2014). Sluggish cognitive tempo in abnormal child psychology: an historical overview and introduction to the special section. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 42(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-013-9825-x

Becker, S. P., Leopold, D. R., Burns, G. L., Jarrett, M. A., Langberg, J. M., Marshall, S. A., McBurnett, K., Waschbusch, D. A., & Willcutt, E. G. (2016). The Internal, External, and Diagnostic Validity of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: A Meta-Analysis and Critical Review. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(3), 163–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2015.12.006

Bolat, H., Ercan, E. S., Ünsel-Bolat, G., Tahillioğlu, A., Yazici, K. U., Bacanli, A., Pariltay, E., Aygüneş Jafari, D., Kosova, B., Özgül, S., Rohde, L. A., & Akin, H. (2020). DRD4 genotyping may differentiate symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sluggish cognitive tempo. Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999), 42(6), 630–637. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0630

Burns, G. L., & Becker, S. P. (2021). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo and ADHD Symptoms in a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Children: Differentiation Using Categorical and Dimensional Approaches. Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, 50(2), 267–280. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2019.1678165

Burns, G., Becker, S., Montaño, J., & Servera, M. (2024). Clinical distinction between cognitive disengagement syndrome and ADHD presentations in a nationally representative sample of Spanish children and adolescents.. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14005.

Camprodon-Rosanas, E., Ribas-Fitó, N., Batlle-Vila, S., Persavento, C., Alvarez-Pedrerol, M., Sunyer, J., & Forns, J. (2017). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: Sociodemographic, Behavioral, and Clinical Characteristics in a Population of Catalan School Children. Journal of attention disorders, 21(8), 632–641. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054716652477

Camprodon-Rosanas, E., Pujol, J., Martínez-Vilavella, G., Blanco-Hinojo, L., Medrano-Martorell, S., Batlle, S., Forns, J., Ribas-Fitó, N., Dolz, M., & Sunyer, J. (2019). Brain Structure and Function in School-Aged Children With Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 58(2), 256–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.441

Capdevila-Brophy, C., Artigas-Pallarés, J., & Obiols-Llandrich, J. E. (2006). Tempo cognitivo lento: ¿síntomas del trastorno dedéficit de atención/hiperactividad predominantementedesatento o una nueva entidad clínica? [Sluggish cognitive tempo: symptoms of predominantly inattentive attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or a new clinical entity?]. Revista de neurologia, 42 Suppl 2, S127–S134.

Çiçek, A., Ucuz, I., Işık, C., & Temelli, G. (2023). Evaluation of cognitive disengagement syndrome in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Clinical implications. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 28, 1449 - 1462. https://doi.org/10.1177/13591045231169137.

Durak, S., Tahıllıoğlu, A., Songür, Ç., Çoban, M., Varol, B., & Ercan, E. (2025). Differentiating pure cognitive disengagement syndrome and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-restrictive inattentive presentation with respect to depressive symptoms, autistic traits, and neurocognitive profiles.. Applied neuropsychology. Child, 1-11 . https://doi.org/10.1080/21622965.2025.2493812.

East, P. L., Doom, J. R., Blanco, E., Burrows, R., Lozoff, B., & Gahagan, S. (2023). Iron Deficiency in Infancy and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo and ADHD Symptoms in Childhood and Adolescence. Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, 52(2), 259–270. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2021.1969653

Ercan, E. S., Suren, S., Bacanlı, A., Yazici, K. U., Callı, C., Ozyurt, O., Aygunes, D., Kosova, B., Franco, A. R., & Rohde, L. A. (2016). Decreasing ADHD phenotypic heterogeneity: searching for neurobiological underpinnings of the restrictive inattentive phenotype. European child & adolescent psychiatry, 25(3), 273–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-015-0731-3

Fassbender, C., Krafft, C. E., & Schweitzer, J. B. (2015). Differentiating SCT and inattentive symptoms in ADHD using fMRI measures of cognitive control. NeuroImage. Clinical, 8, 390–397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2015.05.007

Fırat, S., Gul, H., & Aysev, A. (2021). An Open-Label Trial of Methylphenidate Treating Sluggish Cognitive Tempo, Inattention, and Hyperactivity/Impulsivity Symptoms Among 6- to 12-Year-Old ADHD Children: What Are the Predictors of Treatment Response at Home and School?. Journal of attention disorders, 25(9), 1321–1330. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054720902846

Flannery, A., Luebbe, A., & Becker, S. (2017). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo is Associated With Poorer Study Skills, More Executive Functioning Deficits, and Greater Impairment in College Students.. Journal of clinical psychology, 73 9, 1091-1113 . https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22406.

Fredrick, J., & Becker, S. (2022). Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (Sluggish Cognitive Tempo) and Social Withdrawal: Advancing a Conceptual Model to Guide Future Research. Journal of Attention Disorders, 27, 38 - 45. https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547221114602.

Fredrick, J., & Becker, S. (2022). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome) and Academic Functioning: A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 26, 82-120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-022-00411-6.

Froehlich, T. E., Becker, S. P., Nick, T. G., Brinkman, W. B., Stein, M. A., Peugh, J., & Epstein, J. N. (2018). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo as a Possible Predictor of Methylphenidate Response in Children With ADHD: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 79(2), 17m11553. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.17m11553

Graham, D. M., Crocker, N., Deweese, B. N., Roesch, S. C., Coles, C. D., Kable, J. A., May, P. A., Kalberg, W. O., Sowell, E. R., Jones, K. L., Riley, E. P., Mattson, S. N., & CIFASD (2013). Prenatal alcohol exposure, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and sluggish cognitive tempo. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 37 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), E338–E346. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01886.x

Gionet, S., Arseneau, J., & Plourde, V. (2023). Psychopathology and mind wandering in young university students.. Journal of psychiatric research, 163, 350-356 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.075.

Hartman, C. A., Willcutt, E. G., Rhee, S. H., & Pennington, B. F. (2004). The relation between sluggish cognitive tempo and DSM-IV ADHD. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 32(5), 491–503. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:jacp.0000037779.85211.29

İzmir, S., Aktan, Z., & Ercan, E. (2024). The Comparison of Psychological Factors and Executive Functions of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome to ADHD and ADHD Comorbid with Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Journal of Attention Disorders, 28, 1555 - 1576. https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547241267379.

Jiang, Z., Xu, H., Wang, X., Zhang, W., Zhang, A., Yu, L., Hu, S., Yang, K., Yang, Q., Li, Y., Cui, Y., & Li, Y. (2024). Psychopathology of cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS): a network analysis based on CBCL scales in 72,106 Chinese school students.. European child & adolescent psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02540-5.

Kaçmaz, C., Çelik, O., Sağlam, M., Kay, M., & İnci, R. (2024). Bibliometric Trends and Thematic Areas in Research on Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome in Children: A Comprehensive Review.. Research on child and adolescent psychopathology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-023-01164-8.

Kardaş B, Baytunca B, Bolat GU, C ̧allı C, Ercan ES. An investigation of cranial functional magnetic resonance imaging results in children and adolescents with atten- tion deficit and hyperactivity disorder and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT). Int J Child Health Hum Dev. 2021;14(1):21-33.

Khalid, E., VanLandingham, H., Basurto, K., Nili, A., Gonzalez, C., Guilfoyle, J., Ovsiew, G., Durkin, N., Ulrich, D., Resch, Z., Pliskin, N., Soble, J., & Cerny, B. (2024). Exploring Subfactors of Adult Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome and Impact on Neuropsychological Performance. Journal of Attention Disorders, 28, 957 - 969. https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547231218945.

Kofler, M. J., Irwin, L. N., Sarver, D. E., Fosco, W. D., Miller, C. E., Spiegel, J. A., & Becker, S. P. (2019). What cognitive processes are "sluggish" in sluggish cognitive tempo?. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 87(11), 1030–1042. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000446

Lahey, B. B., Schaughency, E. A., Strauss, C. C., & Frame, C. L. (1984). Are attention deficit disorders with and without hyperactivity similar or dissimilar disorders?. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 23(3), 302–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-7138(09)60508-2

Lahey, B. B., & Carlson, C. L. (1991). Validity of the diagnostic category of attention deficit disorder without hyperactivity: a review of the literature. Journal of learning disabilities, 24(2), 110–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/002221949102400208

Lallier, M., Tainturier, M. J., Dering, B., Donnadieu, S., Valdois, S., & Thierry, G. (2010). Behavioral and ERP evidence for amodal sluggish attentional shifting in developmental dyslexia. Neuropsychologia, 48(14), 4125–4135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.09.027

Ludwig, H. T., Matte, B., Katz, B., & Rohde, L. A. (2009). Do sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms predict response to methylphenidate in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-inattentive type?. Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology, 19(4), 461–465. https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2008.0115

Mayes, S., Becker, S., & Waschbusch, D. (2025). Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome and Autism Traits are Empirically Distinct from each Other and from Other Psychopathology Dimensions.. Research on child and adolescent psychopathology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-024-01281-y.

McBurnett, K., Clemow, D., Williams, D., Villodas, M., Wietecha, L., & Barkley, R. (2017). Atomoxetine-Related Change in Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Is Partially Independent of Change in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Inattentive Symptoms. Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology, 27(1), 38–42. https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2016.0115

Moruzzi, S., Rijsdijk, F., & Battaglia, M. (2014). A twin study of the relationships among inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity and sluggish cognitive tempo problems. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 42(1), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-013-9725-0

Özyurt, G., Tanıgör, K., Buran, B., Öztürk, Y., Tufan, A., & Akay, A. (2024). Similarities and differences of neuropsychological functions, metacognitive abilities and resilience in Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).. Applied neuropsychology. Child, 1-12 . https://doi.org/10.1080/21622965.2024.2358239.

Penny, A. M., Waschbusch, D. A., Klein, R. M., Corkum, P., & Eskes, G. (2009). Developing a measure of sluggish cognitive tempo for children: content validity, factor structure, and reliability. Psychological assessment, 21(3), 380–389. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016600

Pfiffner, L. J., Yee Mikami, A., Huang-Pollock, C., Easterlin, B., Zalecki, C., & McBurnett, K. (2007). A randomized, controlled trial of integrated home-school behavioral treatment for ADHD, predominantly inattentive type. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46(8), 1041–1050. https://doi.org/10.1097/chi.0b013e318064675f

Reeves, C. B., Palmer, S., Gross, A. M., Simonian, S. J., Taylor, L., Willingham, E., & Mulhern, R. K. (2007). Brief report: sluggish cognitive tempo among pediatric survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Journal of pediatric psychology, 32(9), 1050–1054. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsm063

Saxbe, C., & Barkley, R. A. (2014). The second attention disorder? Sluggish cognitive tempo vs. attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: update for clinicians. Journal of psychiatric practice, 20(1), 38–49. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.pra.0000442718.82527.cd

Scaini, S., Medda, E., Battaglia, M., De Giuli, G., Stazi, M., D’ippolito, C., & Fagnani, C. (2023). A Twin Study of the Relationships between Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome and Anxiety Phenotypes in Childhood and Adolescence. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 51, 949-960. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-023-01029-0.

Servera, M., Sáez, B., Burns, G. L., & Becker, S. P. (2018). Clinical differentiation of sluggish cognitive tempo and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. Journal of abnormal psychology, 127(8), 818–829. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000375

Tahıllıoğlu, A., Bilaç, Ö., Kardaş, B. et al. (2024). The prevalence, sociodemographic, and comorbidity characteristics of Turkish children with cognitive disengagement syndrome. Neuropsychiatric Investigation, 62(1), 22–31.

Tahıllıoğlu, A., Çelik, D., Huseynova, S., Satar, A., & Ercan, E. S. (2023). The association between autistic-like traits and sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms in children with ADHD. International journal of developmental disabilities, 70(7), 1227–1236. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2023.2170485

Tahıllıoğlu, A., & Ercan, E. S. (2020). Atomoxetine might be more effective in improving sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms after switching from methylphenidate: A case report. Clinical case reports, 9(2), 612–617. https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.3592

Tamm, L., Epstein, J., Orban, S., Kofler, M., Peugh, J., & Becker, S. (2023). Neurocognition in children with cognitive disengagement syndrome: accurate but slow. Child Neuropsychology, 30, 221 - 240. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2023.2185215.

Tsang, T. W., Carmichael Olson, H., Latimer, J., Fitzpatrick, J., Hand, M., Oscar, J., Carter, M., & Elliott, E. J. (2017). Behavior in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in Remote Australia: A Population-Based Study. Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP, 38(7), 528–537. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000463

Ünsel-Bolat, G., Baytunca, M., Kardaş, B., Ipci, M., İzmir, S., Özyurt, O., Çalli, M., & Ercan, E. (2020). Diffusion tensor imaging findings in children with sluggish cognitive tempo comorbid Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 74, 620 - 626. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2020.1772364.

Wåhlstedt, C., & Bohlin, G. (2010). DSM-IV-defined inattention and sluggish cognitive tempo: independent and interactive relations to neuropsychological factors and comorbidity. Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence, 16(4), 350–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297041003671176

Wietecha, L., Williams, D., Shaywitz, S., Shaywitz, B., Hooper, S. R., Wigal, S. B., Dunn, D., & McBurnett, K. (2013). Atomoxetine improved attention in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and dyslexia in a 16 week, acute, randomized, double-blind trial. Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology, 23(9), 605–613. https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2013.0054

Wiggs, K., Fredrick, J., Tamm, L., Epstein, J., Simon, J., & Becker, S. (2024). Preliminary examination of ADHD inattentive and cognitive disengagement syndrome symptoms in relation to probe-caught mind-wandering during a sustained attention to response task.. Journal of psychiatric research, 172, 181-186 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.02.020.

Wiggs, K. K., Froehlich, T. E., & Becker, S. P. (2023). Pharmacologic Management of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) and Implications for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Treatment: Emerging Treatments and Recommendations for Future Research. CNS drugs, 37(4), 293–304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-023-00999-5

Apaydın, Z., Kaşak, M., Karakaya, O., Ogutlu, H., Uğurlu, M., & Mcnicholas, F. (2025). The Relationship Between Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome in Children and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome, Depression, and Anxiety Levels in Their Parents. Journal of Attention Disorders, 29, 503 - 514. https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547251323029.

Akman, Ö., & Sarıgedik, E. (2025). Cognitive disengagement syndrome: The same as or different from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder? An examination based on biochemical parameters.. Journal of psychiatric research, 182, 270-276 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.029.

Barkley, R. A. (2018). A review of research on SCT. In R. Barkley (Ed.), Barkley sluggish cognitive tempo scale—children and adolescents (BSCTS-CA) (pp. 4–66). Guilford Press.

Barkley, R. A., DuPaul, G. J., & McMurray, M. B. (1990). Comprehensive evaluation of attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity as defined by research criteria. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 58(6), 775–789. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006x.58.6.775

Barkley R. A. (2016). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: A (Misnamed) Second Attention Disorder?. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(3), 157–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2015.12.007

Barkley R. A. (2014). Sluggish cognitive tempo (concentration deficit disorder?): current status, future directions, and a plea to change the name. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 42(1), 117–125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-013-9824-y

Barkley R. A. (2012). Distinguishing sluggish cognitive tempo from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. Journal of abnormal psychology, 121(4), 978–990. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023961

Barkley R. A. (2013). Distinguishing sluggish cognitive tempo from ADHD in children and adolescents: executive functioning, impairment, and comorbidity. Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, 42(2), 161–173. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2012.734259

Becker, S., & Barkley, R. (2018). Sluggish cognitive tempo. Oxford Medicine Online. https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780198739258.003.0015.

Becker, S. P., Willcutt, E. G., Leopold, D. R., Fredrick, J. W., Smith, Z. R., Jacobson, L. A. et al. (2023). Report of a Work Group on Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: Key Research Directions and a Consensus Change in Terminology to Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 62(6), 629–645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2022.07.821

Becker, S. P., Marshall, S. A., & McBurnett, K. (2014). Sluggish cognitive tempo in abnormal child psychology: an historical overview and introduction to the special section. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 42(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-013-9825-x

Becker, S. P., Leopold, D. R., Burns, G. L., Jarrett, M. A., Langberg, J. M., Marshall, S. A., McBurnett, K., Waschbusch, D. A., & Willcutt, E. G. (2016). The Internal, External, and Diagnostic Validity of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: A Meta-Analysis and Critical Review. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(3), 163–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2015.12.006

Bolat, H., Ercan, E. S., Ünsel-Bolat, G., Tahillioğlu, A., Yazici, K. U., Bacanli, A., Pariltay, E., Aygüneş Jafari, D., Kosova, B., Özgül, S., Rohde, L. A., & Akin, H. (2020). DRD4 genotyping may differentiate symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sluggish cognitive tempo. Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999), 42(6), 630–637. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0630

Burns, G. L., & Becker, S. P. (2021). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo and ADHD Symptoms in a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Children: Differentiation Using Categorical and Dimensional Approaches. Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, 50(2), 267–280. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2019.1678165

Burns, G., Becker, S., Montaño, J., & Servera, M. (2024). Clinical distinction between cognitive disengagement syndrome and ADHD presentations in a nationally representative sample of Spanish children and adolescents.. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14005.

Camprodon-Rosanas, E., Ribas-Fitó, N., Batlle-Vila, S., Persavento, C., Alvarez-Pedrerol, M., Sunyer, J., & Forns, J. (2017). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: Sociodemographic, Behavioral, and Clinical Characteristics in a Population of Catalan School Children. Journal of attention disorders, 21(8), 632–641. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054716652477

Camprodon-Rosanas, E., Pujol, J., Martínez-Vilavella, G., Blanco-Hinojo, L., Medrano-Martorell, S., Batlle, S., Forns, J., Ribas-Fitó, N., Dolz, M., & Sunyer, J. (2019). Brain Structure and Function in School-Aged Children With Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 58(2), 256–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.441

Capdevila-Brophy, C., Artigas-Pallarés, J., & Obiols-Llandrich, J. E. (2006). Tempo cognitivo lento: ¿síntomas del trastorno dedéficit de atención/hiperactividad predominantementedesatento o una nueva entidad clínica? [Sluggish cognitive tempo: symptoms of predominantly inattentive attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or a new clinical entity?]. Revista de neurologia, 42 Suppl 2, S127–S134.

Çiçek, A., Ucuz, I., Işık, C., & Temelli, G. (2023). Evaluation of cognitive disengagement syndrome in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Clinical implications. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 28, 1449 - 1462. https://doi.org/10.1177/13591045231169137.

Durak, S., Tahıllıoğlu, A., Songür, Ç., Çoban, M., Varol, B., & Ercan, E. (2025). Differentiating pure cognitive disengagement syndrome and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-restrictive inattentive presentation with respect to depressive symptoms, autistic traits, and neurocognitive profiles.. Applied neuropsychology. Child, 1-11 . https://doi.org/10.1080/21622965.2025.2493812.

East, P. L., Doom, J. R., Blanco, E., Burrows, R., Lozoff, B., & Gahagan, S. (2023). Iron Deficiency in Infancy and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo and ADHD Symptoms in Childhood and Adolescence. Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, 52(2), 259–270. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2021.1969653

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