Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğunda Epigenetik Etmenler

Faraone, S.V.,& Larsson H. (2019). Genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Mol Psychiatry, 24(4):562–575. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-018-0070-0.

Grimm, O., Kranz, T.M., & Reif, A. (2020). Genetics of ADHD: What should the clinician know? Curr. Psychiatry Rep, 22(4):18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-020-1141-x.

Perroud, N., Weibel, S., Aubry, J.M., &Dayer, A. (2016). Epigenetics of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. In DH, Yasuhi, J, Peedicayil, &DR, Grayson (Eds). In: Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Epigenetics, (pp. 129-140). San Diego, USA, Elsevier.

Hamza, M., Halayem, S., Bourgou, S., Daoud, M., Charfi, F., &Belhadj, A. (2019). Epigenetics and ADHD: Toward an integrative approach of the disorder pathogenesis. J. Atten. Disord, 23(7): 655-664. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054717696769.

Numata, S., Ye, T., Hyde, T.M., Guiarta-Navarro, X., Tao, R., Wininger, M.,…Lipska, B.K. (2012). DNA methylation signatures in development and aging of the human prefrontal cortex. Am J Hum Genet, 90(2):260–272. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.12.020

Cavalli, G., &Heard, E. (2019). Advances in epigenetics link genetics to the environment and disease. Nature, 571:489–99. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1411-0.

Lepack, A.E., Werner, C.T., Stewart A.F., Fulton, S.L., Zhong, P., Farrelly, L.A.,…Maze, L. (2020). Dopaminylation of histone H3 in ventral tegmental area regulates cocaine seeking. Science, 368:197–201. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw8806.

Peedicayil, J., &Grayson, D.R. (2018). Some implications of an epigenetic based omnigenic model of psychiatric disorders. J Theor Biol, 452:81-84. https://doi.org/0.1016/j.jtbi.2018.05.014.

Yeshurun, S., &Hannan, A.J. (2019). Transgenerational epigenetic influences of paternal environmental exposures on brain function and predisposition to psychiatric disorders. Mol Psychiatry, 24:536–548. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-018-0039-z

Dall'Aglio, L., Muka, T., Cecil, C.A.M, Bramer, W.M., Verbiest M.M.P.J., Nano, J.,…Tiemeier H. (2018) The role of epigenetic modifications in neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 94:17–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.011

Franke, B., Faraone, S.V., Asherson, P., Buitelaar, J., Bau, C.H.D., Ramos-Quiroga, J.A.,…Reif, A.(2012). The genetics of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults, a review. Mol Psychiatry, 17(10):960–987. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2011.138.

Lahey, B. B., &Willcutt, E. G. (2010). Predictive validity of a continuous alternative to nominal subtypes of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder for DSM-V. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol, 3(6): 761-775. https://doi.org/10.1080/15 374416.2010.517173.

Elia, J., Laracy, S., Allen, J., Nissley-Tsiopinis, J., &Borgmann- Winter, K. (2012). Epigenetics: Genetics versus life experiences. Currt Topics in Behav l Neurosci, 9: 317-340. https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2011_144.

Wu, T., Chen, C., Yang, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, X., Jia, J.,... Chi, X. (2015). Distinct lncRNA expression profiles in the prefrontal cortex of SD rats after exposure to methylphenidate. Biomedicine&Pharmacotherapy, 70,:239-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2015.01.023.

Gizer I.R., Ficks, C., &Waldman, I. D. (2009). Candidate gene studies of ADHD: A meta-analytic review. Human Genetics, 126:51-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-009-0694-x.

Shumay, E., Fowler, J. S., &Volkow, N. D. (2010). Genomic features of the human dopamine transporter gene and its potential epigenetic States: Implications for phenotypic diversity. PLoS ONE, 5(6),:e11067. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011067.

Zayats, T., Johansson, S., &Haavik, J. (2015). Expanding the tool box of ADHD genetics. How can we make sense of parent of origin effects in ADHD and related behavioral phenotypes? Behavl Brain Funct, 11(1): 33. https://doi:org/10.1186/ s12993-015-0078-4.

Gokcen, C., Kocak, N., &Pekgor, A. (2011). Methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase gene polymorphisms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Int J Med Sci, 8(7): 523-528. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.8.523.

Nagarajan, R. P., Hogart, A. R., Gwye, Y., Martin, M. R., &LaSalle, J. M. (2006). Reduced MeCP2 expression is frequent in autism frontal cortex and correlates with aberrant MECP2 promotermethylation. Epigenetics, 1: 172-182. https://doi.org/10.4161/epi.1.4.3514.

Kim, J.H., Kim, J.Y., Lee, J., Jeong G.H., Lee, E., Lee, S.,…Fusar-Poli, P. (2020). Environmental risk factors, protective factors, and peripheral biomarkers for ADHD: an umbrella review. Lancet Psychiatry, 7:955–970. https://doi.org/10. 1016/S2215-0366(20)30312-6

Rijlaarsdam, J., Cecil, C.A.M, Walton, E., Mesirow, M.S.C., Relton, C.R., Gaunt, T.R., … Barker, E.D. (2017). Prenatal unhealth ydiet, insulin-like growthfactor 2 gene (IGF2) methylation, andattention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in youth with early-onset conduct problems. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 58(1):19–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/ jcpp.12589.

Peter, C.J., Fischer, L.K., Kundakovic, M., Garg, P., Jakovcevski, M., Dinçer, A.,… Akbarian, S. (2016). DNA methylation signatures of early childhood malnutrition associated with impairments in attention and cognition. Biol Psychiatry, 80(10):765–774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.03.2100

Rovira, P., Sánchez-Mora, C., Pagerols, M., Richarte, V., Corrales, M., Vilar-Ribo, L.,…Ribases, M. (2020). Epigenome-wide associations tudy of attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder in adults. Transl Psychiatry, 10(1):199–112. https://doi.org/10.1038/ s41398-020-0860-4

Gervin, K., Nordeng, H., Ystrom, E., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., & Lyle, R. (2017). Long-term prenatal exposure to paracetamol is associated with DNA methylation differences in children diagnosed with ADHD. Clin Epigenetics, 9:77–79. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-017-0376-9

Sengupta, S.M., Smith, A.K., Grizenko, N., &Joober, R. (2017). Locus-specific DNA methylation changes and phenotypic variability in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatry Res, 256:298–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.06.048

Weiß, A.L., Meijer, M., Budeus, B., Pauper, M., Hakobjan, M.,Groothuismink, J.,…Klein, M. (2021). DNA methylation associated with persistent ADHD suggests TARBP1 as novel candidate. Neuropharmacol, 184:108370. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108370

Kim, P., Choi, C. S., Park, J. H., Joo, S. H., Kim, S. Y., Ko, H. M.,. . .Shin, C. Y. (2014). Chronic exposure to ethanol of male mice before mating produces attention deficit hyperactivity disorder-like phenotype along with epigenetic dysregulation of dopamine transporter expression in Mouse offspring. J Neurosci Res, 92: 658-670. https://doi.org/10.1002/ jnr.23275.

Gudsnuk, K., &Champagne, F. A. (2012). Epigenetic influence of stress and the social environment. ILAR Journal, 53:279-288. https://doi.org/10.1093/ilar.53.3-4.279.

Cecil, C. A., Walton, E., &Barker, E. D. (2016). Prenatal diet and childhood ADHD: Exploring the potential role of IGF2 methylation. Epigenomics, 8:1573-1576. https://doi.org/10.2217/epi- 2016-013.

Fluegge, K. (2017). Commentary: “Unhealthydiet,” nutrientstatus, and ADHD symptoms: A confounding role forenvironmentalnitrousoxideexposure—Reflections on Rijlaarsdam et al. (2016). J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 58:28-29. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12649

Weaver, I. C. G. (2011). Toward an understanding of the dynamic inter dependence of genes and environment in the regulation of phenotype. In A. Petronis& J. Mill (Eds.), Brain, behavior and epigenetics, (pp. 209-243). Berlin, Germany: Springer.

Keil, K.P., Lein, P.J. (2016). DNA methylation: a mechanism linking environmental chemical exposuresto risk of autism spectrum disorders? Environ Epigenet, 2:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1093/eep/dvv012.

Ma, B., Wilker, E.H., Willis-Owen, S.A.G., Byun, H-M., Wong, K.C.C., Motta, V.,…Liang L.(2014). Predicting DNA methylation level across humantissues. Nucleic Acids Res, 42:3515–3528. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkt1380

Nigg, J.T. (2016). Where Do Epigenetics and Developmental Origins Take the Field of Developmental Psychopathology? J Abnorm Child Psychol, 44:405–419. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s10802-015-0121-9.

Schuch, V., Utsumi, D.A., Costa T.V.M.M. Kulikowski, L.D., &Muszkat, M. (2015). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the light of the epigenetic paradigm. Front Psychiatry, 6:126. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015. 00126

Wilmot, B., Fry, R., Smeester, L., Musser, E.D. Mill, J., & Nigg, J.T. (2016). Methylomic analysis of salivary DNA in childhood ADHD identifies altered DNA methylation in VIPR2. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 57:152–60. https:// doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12457

Meijer, M., Klein, M. Hannon, E., Meer, D.V.D., Hartman, C., Oosterlaan, J.,…Franke, B. (2020). Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in persistent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderand in association withi mpulsive and calloustraits. Front Genet, 11:16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00016.

Walton, E., Pingault. J-B., Cecil, C.A.M., Gaunt, T.R., Relton, C.L., Mill, J., &Barker, E.D. (2017). Epigenetic profiling of ADHD symptom strajectories: a prospective, methylome-widestudy. Mol Psychiatry, 22:250–256. https://doi.org/10.1038/ mp.2016.85

Demontis, D., Walters, R.K., Martin, J., Mattheisen, M., Als, T.D., Agerbo, E.,…Neale B.M. (2019). Discovery of the first genome-wide significant risk loci for attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Nat Genet, 51:63–75. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018- 0269-7.

van Dongen, J., Zilhao, N.R., Sugden, K., Hannon, E.J. Mill, J., Caspi, A., &Boomsma, D.I. (2019). Epigenome-wide Association Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Adults. Biol Psychiatry, 86:599–607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.02.016.

Mooney, M.A., Ryabinin, P., Wilmot, B., Bhatt, P., Mill, J., & Nigg, J.T. (2020). Large epigenome-wide association study of childhood ADHD identifies peripheral DNA methylation associated with disease and polygenic risk burden. Transl Psychiatry, 10:8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-0710-4.

Pineda-Cirera, L., Shivalikanjli, A., Cabana-Dominguez, J., Demontis, D., Rajagopal, V.M., Borglum, A.D.,…Fernandez-Castillo, N.(2019). Exploring genetic variation that influences brain methylation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Transl Psychiatry, 9:242. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-019-0574-7.

Chen, Y-C., Sudre, G., Sharp, W., Donovan, F., Chandrasekharappa, S.C., Hansen, N.,…Shaw, P. (2018). Neuroanatomic, epigenetic and genetic differences in monozygotic twins discordant for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Mol Psychiatry, 23:683–690. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2017.45.

Ding, K., Yang, J., Reynolds, G.P., Chen, B., Shao, J., Liu, R.,…Kang, C. (2017). DAT1 methylation is associated with methylphenidate response on oppositional and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD. World J Biol Psychiatry, 18:291–299. https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2016.1224928

van Mil, N.H., Steegers-Theunissen, R.P.M., Bouwland-Both, M.I., Hofman, A., Steegers, E.A.P., Heijmans, B.T.,…Tiemejer, H. (2014). DNA methylation profiles at birth and child ADHD symptoms. J Psychiatr Res 49:51–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.10.01

Park S, Lee J-M, Kim J-W, Cho, D-Y., Yun, H.J., Cheong, J.H., &Kim, B-N. (2015). Associations between serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) methylation and clinical characteristics and cortical thickness in children with ADHD. Psychol Med, 45:3009–3017. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329171500094X

Ali, I., Conrad, R.J., Verdin, E., &Ott, M. (2018). Lysine acetylation goes global: from epigenetics to metabolism andt herapeutics. Chem Rev, 118:1216–1252. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev. 7b00181

Luo, M., Xu, Y., Cai, R., Tang, Y., Ge, M. M., Liu, Z. H., . . .Wang, H. L. (2014). Epigenetic histone modification regulates developmental lead exposure induced hyperactivity in rats. Toxicol Lett, 225(1): 78-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet. 2013.11.025

Xu, Y., Chen, X-T., Luo, M., Tang, Y., Zhang, G., Wu, D.,…Wang, H.L.(2015). Multiple epigenetic factors predict the attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder among the Chinese Han children. J. Psychiatr. Res, 64:40-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.03.006.

Du, Q., Luu, P. L., Stirzaker, C., & Clark, S. J. (2015). Methyl-CpG-binding domain proteins: Readers of the epigenome. Epigenomics, 7: 1051-1073. https://doi.org/10.2217/epi.15.39

Zhang, H-P., Liu, X-L., Chen, J-J., Cheng, K., Bai, S-J., Zheng, P.,…Xie, P. (2020). Circulating microRNA 134 sheds light on the diagnosis of majör depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry, 10:95. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-0773-2.

Towler, B.P., &Jones, C.I. (2015). Newbury SF. Mechanisms of regulation of mature miRNAs. Biochem Soc Trans, 43:1208–1214. https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20150157

Garcia-Martinez, I., Sanchez-Mora, C., Pagerols, M., Richarte, V., Corrales, M., Fadeuilhe, C., & Ribases., M. (2016). Preliminary evidence for association of genetic variants in pri-miR-34b/c and abnormal miR-34c expression with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Transl Psychiatry, 6:e879. https://doi.org/10.1038/ tp.2016.151.

Németh, N., Kovács-Nagy, R., Székely, A., Sasvári-Székely, M., & Rónai, Z. (2013). Association of impulsivity and polymorphic microRNA-641 target sites in the SNAP-25 gene. PLoS ONE, 8(12):84207. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084207.

Sánchez-Mora, C., Ramos-Quiroga, J.A., Garcia-Martínez, I., Fernàndez-Castillo, N., Bosch, R., Richarte, V.,…Ribases, M. (2013). Evaluation of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the miR-183-96-182 cluster in adulthood attention-deficitand hyperactivitydisorder (ADHD) and substance use disorders (SUDs). Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 23:1463–1473. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.07.002.

Srivastav, S., Walitza, S., &Grunblatt, E. (2017). Emerging role of miRNA in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review. Atten Defic Hyperact Disord, 10:49–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-017-0232-y.

Kandemir, H., Erdal, M. E., Selek, S., Ay, O. I., Karababa, I. F., Kandemir, S. B., . . . Tasdelen, B. (2014). Evaluation of several micro RNA (miRNA) levels in childrenandadolescentswithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder. Neurosci Lett, 580:158-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2014.07.060

Wang, L-J., Li, S-C., Lee, M-J., Chou, M-C., Chou, W-J., Lee, S-Y.,…Kuo, H.C. (2018). Blood- Bourne MicroRNA Biomarker Evaluation in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder of Han Chinese Individuals: An Exploratory Study. Front Psychiatry, 9:227. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00227

Wu, L.H., Peng, M., Yu, M., Zhao, Q.L., Li, C., Jin, Y.T.,…Wu, X.Z. (2015). Circulating MicroRNA Let-7d in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuro Mol Med, 17(2):137–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-015-8345-y

Kim, Y., Xia, K., Tao, R., Giusti-Rodriguez, P., Vladimirov, V., van den Oord, E., &Sullivan, P.F. (2014). A meta- analysis of gene expression quantitative trait loci in brain. Transl Psychiatry, 4:e459. https://doi.org /10.1038/tp.2014.96

Sánchez-Mora, C., SolerArtigas, M., Garcia-Martínez, I., Pagerols, M., Rovira, P., Richarte, V., … Ribases, M. (2019). Epigenetic signature fo rattentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder: identification of miR-26b-5p, miR-185-5p, and miR-191-5p as potential biomarkers in peripheral bloodmononuclea rcells. Neuropsychopharmacology, 44: 890–897. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-018-0297-0

Mychasiuk, R., Muhammad, A., Ilnytskyy, S., &Kolb, B.(2013). Persistent gene expression changes in NAc, mPFC, and OFC associated with previous nicotine or amphetamine exposure. Behav Brain Res, 256:655-661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2013.09.006.

Kalda, A., Heidmets, L-T., Shen, H-Y., Zharkovsky, A., &Chen, J-F. (2007). Histone deacetylase inhibitors modulates the induction and expression of amphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization partially through an associated learning of the environment in mice. Behav Brain Res,181(1):76-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2007.03.027 PMID: 17477979

Shen, H-Y., Kalda, A., Yu, L., Ferrara, J., Zhu, J.,&Chen, J-F. (2008). Additive effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors and amphetamine on histone H4 acetylation, cAMP responsive element binding protein phosphorylation and DeltaFosB expression in the striatum and locomotorsensitization in mice. Neuroscience, 157(3): 644- 655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.09.019.

McCowan, T.J., Dhasarathy, A., &Carvelli, L. (2015). The epigenetic mechanisms of amphetamine. J. Addict Prev,, 2015(Suppl. 1). https://doi.org/10.13188/2330-2178.S100001.

Biagioni, F., Ferese, R., Limanaqi, F., Madonna, M., &Lenzi, P. (2019). Methamphetamine persistently increases alpha-synuclein and suppresses gene promoter methylation within striatal neurons. Brain Res, 1719:157-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2019.05.035.

Kim, J.I., Kim, J-W., Shin, I., &Kim, B-N. (2018). Effects of interaction between DRD4 methylation and prenatal maternal stress on methylphenidate-induced changes in continuous performance test performance in youth with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol, 28(8):562-570. https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2018.0054.

Cao, P., Wang, L., Cheng, Q., Sun, X., Kang, Q., Dai, L., &Zhou, X.(2019). Changes in serum miRNA-let-7 level in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder treated by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation or atomoxetine: An exploratory trial. PsychiatryRes., 274:189-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.02.037.

Takahashi, N., Ishizuka, K., &Inada, T. (2021). Peripheral biomarkers of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Current status and future perspective. J Psychiatr Res, 137:465-470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.012.

Veronezi, G.M.B., Felisbino, M.B., Gatti, M.S.V., Mello, M.L.S., &Vidal, B.C. (2017). DNA methylation changes in valproicacid-treated HeLa cells as assessed by image analysis, Immunofluorescence and vibrational microspectroscopy. PLoSOne, 12(1):e0170740. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170740.

Bakulski, K.M., Halladay, A., Hu, V.W., Mill, J., &Fallin, M.D. (2016). Epigenetic research in neuropsychiatric disorders: The “Tissue Issue”. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep, 3(3):264-274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-016-0083-4.

Christensen, J., Pedersen, L., Sun, Y., Dreier, J.W., Brikell, I., &Dalsgaard, S. (2019). Association of prenatal exposure to valproate and other antiepileptic drugs with risk for attention-deficit hyperactivite disorder in offspring. JAMA Netw Open, 2(1):e186606. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.6606 .

Baldwin, D.S., &Amaro, H.J.F. (2020). Prescription of valproate-containing medicines in women of child bearing potential who have psychiatric disorders: Is it worth the risk? CNS Drugs, 34(2):163-169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-019-00694-4

Ganguly, S., & Seth, S. A (2018). Ttranslational perspective on histone acetylation modulators in psychiatric disorders. Psychopharmacology(Berl.), 235(7):1867-1873. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-018-4947-z.

Antonijoan, R.M., Ferrero-Cafiero, J.M., Coimbra, J., Puntes, M., Martinez-Colomer, J., Arevalo, M.I.,….Colomer, J. (2021). First-in-human randomized trial to assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the KDM1A inhibitör vafidemstat. CNS Drugs, 35(3):331-344. http://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-021-00797-x.

Faraone, S.V.,& Larsson H. (2019). Genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Mol Psychiatry, 24(4):562–575. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-018-0070-0.

Grimm, O., Kranz, T.M., & Reif, A. (2020). Genetics of ADHD: What should the clinician know? Curr. Psychiatry Rep, 22(4):18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-020-1141-x.

Perroud, N., Weibel, S., Aubry, J.M., &Dayer, A. (2016). Epigenetics of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. In DH, Yasuhi, J, Peedicayil, &DR, Grayson (Eds). In: Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Epigenetics, (pp. 129-140). San Diego, USA, Elsevier.

Hamza, M., Halayem, S., Bourgou, S., Daoud, M., Charfi, F., &Belhadj, A. (2019). Epigenetics and ADHD: Toward an integrative approach of the disorder pathogenesis. J. Atten. Disord, 23(7): 655-664. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054717696769.

Numata, S., Ye, T., Hyde, T.M., Guiarta-Navarro, X., Tao, R., Wininger, M.,…Lipska, B.K. (2012). DNA methylation signatures in development and aging of the human prefrontal cortex. Am J Hum Genet, 90(2):260–272. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.12.020

Cavalli, G., &Heard, E. (2019). Advances in epigenetics link genetics to the environment and disease. Nature, 571:489–99. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1411-0.

Lepack, A.E., Werner, C.T., Stewart A.F., Fulton, S.L., Zhong, P., Farrelly, L.A.,…Maze, L. (2020). Dopaminylation of histone H3 in ventral tegmental area regulates cocaine seeking. Science, 368:197–201. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw8806.

Peedicayil, J., &Grayson, D.R. (2018). Some implications of an epigenetic based omnigenic model of psychiatric disorders. J Theor Biol, 452:81-84. https://doi.org/0.1016/j.jtbi.2018.05.014.

Yeshurun, S., &Hannan, A.J. (2019). Transgenerational epigenetic influences of paternal environmental exposures on brain function and predisposition to psychiatric disorders. Mol Psychiatry, 24:536–548. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-018-0039-z

Dall'Aglio, L., Muka, T., Cecil, C.A.M, Bramer, W.M., Verbiest M.M.P.J., Nano, J.,…Tiemeier H. (2018) The role of epigenetic modifications in neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 94:17–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.011

Franke, B., Faraone, S.V., Asherson, P., Buitelaar, J., Bau, C.H.D., Ramos-Quiroga, J.A.,…Reif, A.(2012). The genetics of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults, a review. Mol Psychiatry, 17(10):960–987. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2011.138.

Lahey, B. B., &Willcutt, E. G. (2010). Predictive validity of a continuous alternative to nominal subtypes of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder for DSM-V. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol, 3(6): 761-775. https://doi.org/10.1080/15 374416.2010.517173.

Elia, J., Laracy, S., Allen, J., Nissley-Tsiopinis, J., &Borgmann- Winter, K. (2012). Epigenetics: Genetics versus life experiences. Currt Topics in Behav l Neurosci, 9: 317-340. https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2011_144.

Wu, T., Chen, C., Yang, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, X., Jia, J.,... Chi, X. (2015). Distinct lncRNA expression profiles in the prefrontal cortex of SD rats after exposure to methylphenidate. Biomedicine&Pharmacotherapy, 70,:239-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2015.01.023.

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