Çocuk Diş Hekimliğinde Antibiyotik Kullanımı ve Antimikrobiyal Direnç
Özet
Referanslar
Durand, G. A., Raoult, D., & Dubourg, G. (2019). Antibiotic discovery: history, methods and perspectives. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 53(4), 371–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.11.010
Spagnolo F, Trujillo M, Dennehy JJ. Why Do Antibiotics Exist? mBio. 2021 Dec 21;12(6):e0196621. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01966-21. Epub 2021 Dec 7. PMID: 34872345; PMCID: PMC8649755.
Mohr K. I. (2016). History of Antibiotics Research. Current topics in microbiology and immunology, 398, 237–272. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2016_4994
Pancu, D. F., Scurtu, A., Macasoi, I. G., Marti, D., Mioc, M., Soica, C., Coricovac, D., Horhat, D., Poenaru, M., & Dehelean, C. (2021). Antibiotics: Conventional Therapy and Natural Compounds with Antibacterial Activity-A Pharmaco-Toxicological Screening. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 10(4), 401. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10040401
Huttner, A., Bielicki, J., Clements, M. N., Frimodt-Møller, N., Muller, A. E., Paccaud, J. P., & Mouton, J. W. (2020). Oral amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid: properties, indications and usage. Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 26(7), 871–879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.11.028
Campoli-Richards, D. M., & Brogden, R. N. (1987). Sulbactam/ampicillin. A review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic use. Drugs, 33(6), 577–609. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198733060-00003
Leitsch D. (2019). A review on metronidazole: an old warhorse in antimicrobial chemotherapy. Parasitology, 146(9), 1167–1178. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182017002025
Peters, D. H., Friedel, H. A., & McTavish, D. (1992). Azithromycin. A review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficacy. Drugs, 44(5), 750–799. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199244050-00007
Klainer A. S. (1987). Clindamycin. The Medical clinics of North America, 71(6), 1169–1175. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(16)30804-5
Smieja M. (1998). Current indications for the use of clindamycin: A critical review. The Canadian journal of infectious diseases = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses, 9(1), 22–28. https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/538090
Anukam, E., & Zhu, J. (2023). Penicillin allergy that persisted after 66 years: case report. European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice, 30(5), e25.
Glenny, A. M., Oliver, R., Roberts, G. J., Hooper, L., & Worthington, H. V. (2013). Antibiotics for the prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis in dentistry. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (10), CD003813. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003813.pub4
Rajasekharan, S., Lygidakis, N., Cauwels, R., Declerck, D., Monteiro, J., & Parekh, S. (2025). Best clinical practise guidance for the use of antibiotics in children: an EAPD policy document. European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 26(6), 1037–1043. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01068-9
(The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD)) / Useful Medications for Oral Conditions 2026 Guidelines
Sirinoglu Capan, B., Duman, C., & Kalaoglu, E. E. (2023). Antibiotic prescribing practices for prophylaxis and therapy of oral/dental infections in pediatric patients - results of a cross-sectional study in Turkey. GMS hygiene and infection control, 18, Doc11. https://doi.org/10.3205/dgkh000437
Canoğlu E, Güngör C, Bozkurt A. Pediatrik diş hekimliğinde ilaç kullanımı. J Hacettepe Den Fak. 2009;33(2):30–44. doi: 10.20515/otd.952186.
American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. (2020). The reference manual of pediatric dentistry. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, 79-81.
Sekar, R., Maheswaran, T., Chittrarasu, M., Vijayparthiban, S., & Suresh, R. (2026). Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Periapical Pathology in a Dentist: An Autobiographical Case Report. Cureus, 18(1), e100715. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.100715
Wilson, W., Taubert, K. A., Gewitz, M., Lockhart, P. B., Baddour, L. M., Levison, M., Bolger, A., Cabell, C. H., Takahashi, M., Baltimore, R. S., Newburger, J. W., Strom, B. L., Tani, L. Y., Gerber, M., Bonow, R. O., Pallasch, T., Shulman, S. T., Rowley, A. H., Burns, J. C., Ferrieri, P., … Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group (2007). Prevention of infective endocarditis: guidelines from the American Heart Association: a guideline from the American Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease Committee, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group. Circulation, 116(15), 1736–1754. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.183095
Lopes, D. R., Peres, M. P., & Levin, A. S. (2011). Randomized study of surgical prophylaxis in immunocompromised hosts. Journal of dental research, 90(2), 225–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034510382779
Warmling, P. G., Zanandrea, J. S. A., Goulart, T. S., Garcia, L. F. R., & de Almeida, J. (2024). Tetracycline staining of the dentition: a review of the literature and report of a clinical case. General dentistry, 72(3), 42–48.
Sánchez, A. R., Rogers, R. S., 3rd, & Sheridan, P. J. (2004). Tetracycline and other tetracycline-derivative staining of the teeth and oral cavity. International journal of dermatology, 43(10), 709–715. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.02108.x
Ma, K., Lu, M., Li, H., Yuan, X., Zhang, Y., Ni, Q., Li, Y., Dong, X., & Guo, J. (2025). Incidence and influencing factors of tooth discoloration in children using doxycycline: a meta-analysis. Frontiers in pediatrics, 13, 1644231. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2025.1644231
Guo, Q., Goldenberg, J. Z., Humphrey, C., El Dib, R., & Johnston, B. C. (2019). Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 4(4), CD004827. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004827.pub5
Johnston, B. C., Goldenberg, J. Z., & Parkin, P. C. (2016). Probiotics and the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Infants and Children. JAMA, 316(14), 1484–1485. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.11838
Baran A, Kwiatkowska A, Potocki L. Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistance. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(6):5777.
Principi, N., & Esposito, S. (2016). Antimicrobial stewardship in paediatrics. BMC infectious diseases, 16(1), 424. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-016-1772-z
Aidasani B, Solanki M, Khetarpal S, Ravi Pratap S. Antibiotics: their use and misuse in paediatric dentistry. A systematic review. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2019 Jun;20(2):133-138. doi: 10.23804/ejpd.2019.20.02.10. PMID: 31246090
Rajasekharan S, et al. Best clinical practice guidance for the use of antibiotics in children. EAPD Policy Document. 2025
Aidasani B, Solanki M, Khetarpal S, Ravi Pratap S. Antibiotics in paediatric dentistry. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2019;20(2):133–138
Peedikayil FC. Antibiotics: Use and misuse in pediatric dentistry. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2011 Oct-Dec;29(4):282-7. doi: 10.4103/0970-4388.86368. PMID: 22016310.
Hutchings MI, Truman AW, Wilkinson B. Antibiotics: past, present and future. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2019 Oct;51:72-80. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2019.10.008. Epub 2019 Nov 13. PMID: 31733401
Farzinnia, G., Anvari, Y., & Siqueira, M. F. (2025). Antimicrobial Resistance in Oral Healthcare: A Growing Concern in Dentistry. Dentistry journal, 13(9), 391. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13090391
Martinez JL. General principles of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Drug Discov Today Technol. 2014;11:33–39
Türkyılmaz, O., & Darcan, C. (2026). Molecular basis of ampicillin resistance: combinatorial mechanisms and future strategies. World journal of microbiology & biotechnology, 42(2), 79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-026-04826-z
Sartori, M., Toppo, S., & Lavezzo, E. (2026). Molecular resistance mechanisms to newly approved antibiotics (2017-2025) in WHO priority pathogens. Frontiers in microbiology, 16, 1719798. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1719798
Llor, C., Hansen, M. P., Lykkegaard, J., Olsen, J., Lindberg, B. H., Rebnord, I. K., Touboul Lundgren, P., Bruno, P., Kowalczyk, A., Lionis, C., Radzeviciene, R., Jaruseviciene, L., Bjerrum, L., García-Sangenís, A., & HAPPY PATIENT Study Group (2025). Duration of antibiotic treatment for respiratory tract infections in primary care. JAC-antimicrobial resistance, 7(1), dlaf028. https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlaf028
Kulis E et al. Antibiotic resistance in the oral microbiota. Antibiotics (Basel). 2025;14(8):828.
Martinez JL. General principles of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Drug Discov Today Technol. 2014 Mar;11:33-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2014.02.001. PMID: 24847651
Goel D, Goel GK, Chaudhary S, Jain D. Antibiotic prescriptions in pediatric dentistry: A review. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb 28;9(2):473-480. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1097_19. PMID: 32318367; PMCID: PMC7114004.
Vasudavan S, Grunes B, Mcgeachie J, Sonis AL. Massachusetts'teki diş hekimleri arasında antibiyotik reçeteleme kalıpları. Pediatr Dent. 2019;41:25–30.
Goel D, Goel GK, Chaudhary S, Jain D. Antibiotic prescriptions in pediatric dentistry: A review. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb 28;9(2):473-480. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1097_19. PMID: 32318367; PMCID: PMC7114004
Baran, A., Kwiatkowska, A., & Potocki, L. (2023). Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistance-A Short Story of an Endless Arms Race. International journal of molecular sciences, 24(6), 5777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065777
Chang, R. Y. K., Nang, S. C., Chan, H. K., & Li, J. (2022). Novel antimicrobial agents for combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 187, 114378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2022.114378
Cunha, C. B., & Opal, S. M. (2018). Antibiotic Stewardship: Strategies to Minimize Antibiotic Resistance While Maximizing Antibiotic Effectiveness. The Medical clinics of North America, 102(5), 831–843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2018.04.006
Arulkumaran N, Routledge M, Schlebusch S, Lipman J, Conway Morris A (February 2020). "Antimicrobial-associated harm in critical care: a narrative review". Intensive Care Medicine. 46 (2): 225-235. doi:10.1007/s00134-020-05929-3.
Bhuvaraghan, A., King, R., Larvin, H., & Aggarwal, V. R. (2021). Antibiotic Use and Misuse in Dentistry in India-A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 10(12), 1459. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10121459
Goel D, Goel GK, Chaudhary S, Jain D. Antibiotic prescriptions in pediatric dentistry: A review. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb 28;9(2):473-480. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1097_19. PMID: 32318367; PMCID: PMC7114004
Contaldo M, D'Ambrosio F, Ferraro GA, Di Stasio D, Di Palo MP, Serpico R, Simeone M. Antibiotics in Dentistry: A Narrative Review of the Evidence beyond the Myth. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jun 1;20(11):6025. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20116025. PMID: 37297629; PMCID: PMC10252486
Contaldo M et al. Antibiotics in Dentistry: A Narrative Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(11):6025.
Referanslar
Durand, G. A., Raoult, D., & Dubourg, G. (2019). Antibiotic discovery: history, methods and perspectives. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 53(4), 371–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.11.010
Spagnolo F, Trujillo M, Dennehy JJ. Why Do Antibiotics Exist? mBio. 2021 Dec 21;12(6):e0196621. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01966-21. Epub 2021 Dec 7. PMID: 34872345; PMCID: PMC8649755.
Mohr K. I. (2016). History of Antibiotics Research. Current topics in microbiology and immunology, 398, 237–272. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2016_4994
Pancu, D. F., Scurtu, A., Macasoi, I. G., Marti, D., Mioc, M., Soica, C., Coricovac, D., Horhat, D., Poenaru, M., & Dehelean, C. (2021). Antibiotics: Conventional Therapy and Natural Compounds with Antibacterial Activity-A Pharmaco-Toxicological Screening. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 10(4), 401. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10040401
Huttner, A., Bielicki, J., Clements, M. N., Frimodt-Møller, N., Muller, A. E., Paccaud, J. P., & Mouton, J. W. (2020). Oral amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid: properties, indications and usage. Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 26(7), 871–879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.11.028
Campoli-Richards, D. M., & Brogden, R. N. (1987). Sulbactam/ampicillin. A review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic use. Drugs, 33(6), 577–609. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198733060-00003
Leitsch D. (2019). A review on metronidazole: an old warhorse in antimicrobial chemotherapy. Parasitology, 146(9), 1167–1178. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182017002025
Peters, D. H., Friedel, H. A., & McTavish, D. (1992). Azithromycin. A review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficacy. Drugs, 44(5), 750–799. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199244050-00007
Klainer A. S. (1987). Clindamycin. The Medical clinics of North America, 71(6), 1169–1175. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(16)30804-5
Smieja M. (1998). Current indications for the use of clindamycin: A critical review. The Canadian journal of infectious diseases = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses, 9(1), 22–28. https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/538090
Anukam, E., & Zhu, J. (2023). Penicillin allergy that persisted after 66 years: case report. European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice, 30(5), e25.
Glenny, A. M., Oliver, R., Roberts, G. J., Hooper, L., & Worthington, H. V. (2013). Antibiotics for the prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis in dentistry. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (10), CD003813. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003813.pub4
Rajasekharan, S., Lygidakis, N., Cauwels, R., Declerck, D., Monteiro, J., & Parekh, S. (2025). Best clinical practise guidance for the use of antibiotics in children: an EAPD policy document. European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 26(6), 1037–1043. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01068-9
(The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD)) / Useful Medications for Oral Conditions 2026 Guidelines
Sirinoglu Capan, B., Duman, C., & Kalaoglu, E. E. (2023). Antibiotic prescribing practices for prophylaxis and therapy of oral/dental infections in pediatric patients - results of a cross-sectional study in Turkey. GMS hygiene and infection control, 18, Doc11. https://doi.org/10.3205/dgkh000437
Canoğlu E, Güngör C, Bozkurt A. Pediatrik diş hekimliğinde ilaç kullanımı. J Hacettepe Den Fak. 2009;33(2):30–44. doi: 10.20515/otd.952186.
American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. (2020). The reference manual of pediatric dentistry. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, 79-81.
Sekar, R., Maheswaran, T., Chittrarasu, M., Vijayparthiban, S., & Suresh, R. (2026). Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Periapical Pathology in a Dentist: An Autobiographical Case Report. Cureus, 18(1), e100715. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.100715
Wilson, W., Taubert, K. A., Gewitz, M., Lockhart, P. B., Baddour, L. M., Levison, M., Bolger, A., Cabell, C. H., Takahashi, M., Baltimore, R. S., Newburger, J. W., Strom, B. L., Tani, L. Y., Gerber, M., Bonow, R. O., Pallasch, T., Shulman, S. T., Rowley, A. H., Burns, J. C., Ferrieri, P., … Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group (2007). Prevention of infective endocarditis: guidelines from the American Heart Association: a guideline from the American Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease Committee, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group. Circulation, 116(15), 1736–1754. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.183095
Lopes, D. R., Peres, M. P., & Levin, A. S. (2011). Randomized study of surgical prophylaxis in immunocompromised hosts. Journal of dental research, 90(2), 225–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034510382779
Warmling, P. G., Zanandrea, J. S. A., Goulart, T. S., Garcia, L. F. R., & de Almeida, J. (2024). Tetracycline staining of the dentition: a review of the literature and report of a clinical case. General dentistry, 72(3), 42–48.
Sánchez, A. R., Rogers, R. S., 3rd, & Sheridan, P. J. (2004). Tetracycline and other tetracycline-derivative staining of the teeth and oral cavity. International journal of dermatology, 43(10), 709–715. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.02108.x
Ma, K., Lu, M., Li, H., Yuan, X., Zhang, Y., Ni, Q., Li, Y., Dong, X., & Guo, J. (2025). Incidence and influencing factors of tooth discoloration in children using doxycycline: a meta-analysis. Frontiers in pediatrics, 13, 1644231. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2025.1644231
Guo, Q., Goldenberg, J. Z., Humphrey, C., El Dib, R., & Johnston, B. C. (2019). Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 4(4), CD004827. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004827.pub5
Johnston, B. C., Goldenberg, J. Z., & Parkin, P. C. (2016). Probiotics and the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Infants and Children. JAMA, 316(14), 1484–1485. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.11838
Baran A, Kwiatkowska A, Potocki L. Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistance. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(6):5777.
Principi, N., & Esposito, S. (2016). Antimicrobial stewardship in paediatrics. BMC infectious diseases, 16(1), 424. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-016-1772-z
Aidasani B, Solanki M, Khetarpal S, Ravi Pratap S. Antibiotics: their use and misuse in paediatric dentistry. A systematic review. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2019 Jun;20(2):133-138. doi: 10.23804/ejpd.2019.20.02.10. PMID: 31246090
Rajasekharan S, et al. Best clinical practice guidance for the use of antibiotics in children. EAPD Policy Document. 2025
Aidasani B, Solanki M, Khetarpal S, Ravi Pratap S. Antibiotics in paediatric dentistry. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2019;20(2):133–138
Peedikayil FC. Antibiotics: Use and misuse in pediatric dentistry. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2011 Oct-Dec;29(4):282-7. doi: 10.4103/0970-4388.86368. PMID: 22016310.
Hutchings MI, Truman AW, Wilkinson B. Antibiotics: past, present and future. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2019 Oct;51:72-80. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2019.10.008. Epub 2019 Nov 13. PMID: 31733401
Farzinnia, G., Anvari, Y., & Siqueira, M. F. (2025). Antimicrobial Resistance in Oral Healthcare: A Growing Concern in Dentistry. Dentistry journal, 13(9), 391. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13090391
Martinez JL. General principles of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Drug Discov Today Technol. 2014;11:33–39
Türkyılmaz, O., & Darcan, C. (2026). Molecular basis of ampicillin resistance: combinatorial mechanisms and future strategies. World journal of microbiology & biotechnology, 42(2), 79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-026-04826-z
Sartori, M., Toppo, S., & Lavezzo, E. (2026). Molecular resistance mechanisms to newly approved antibiotics (2017-2025) in WHO priority pathogens. Frontiers in microbiology, 16, 1719798. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1719798
Llor, C., Hansen, M. P., Lykkegaard, J., Olsen, J., Lindberg, B. H., Rebnord, I. K., Touboul Lundgren, P., Bruno, P., Kowalczyk, A., Lionis, C., Radzeviciene, R., Jaruseviciene, L., Bjerrum, L., García-Sangenís, A., & HAPPY PATIENT Study Group (2025). Duration of antibiotic treatment for respiratory tract infections in primary care. JAC-antimicrobial resistance, 7(1), dlaf028. https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlaf028
Kulis E et al. Antibiotic resistance in the oral microbiota. Antibiotics (Basel). 2025;14(8):828.
Martinez JL. General principles of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Drug Discov Today Technol. 2014 Mar;11:33-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2014.02.001. PMID: 24847651
Goel D, Goel GK, Chaudhary S, Jain D. Antibiotic prescriptions in pediatric dentistry: A review. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb 28;9(2):473-480. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1097_19. PMID: 32318367; PMCID: PMC7114004.
Vasudavan S, Grunes B, Mcgeachie J, Sonis AL. Massachusetts'teki diş hekimleri arasında antibiyotik reçeteleme kalıpları. Pediatr Dent. 2019;41:25–30.
Goel D, Goel GK, Chaudhary S, Jain D. Antibiotic prescriptions in pediatric dentistry: A review. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb 28;9(2):473-480. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1097_19. PMID: 32318367; PMCID: PMC7114004
Baran, A., Kwiatkowska, A., & Potocki, L. (2023). Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistance-A Short Story of an Endless Arms Race. International journal of molecular sciences, 24(6), 5777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065777
Chang, R. Y. K., Nang, S. C., Chan, H. K., & Li, J. (2022). Novel antimicrobial agents for combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 187, 114378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2022.114378
Cunha, C. B., & Opal, S. M. (2018). Antibiotic Stewardship: Strategies to Minimize Antibiotic Resistance While Maximizing Antibiotic Effectiveness. The Medical clinics of North America, 102(5), 831–843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2018.04.006
Arulkumaran N, Routledge M, Schlebusch S, Lipman J, Conway Morris A (February 2020). "Antimicrobial-associated harm in critical care: a narrative review". Intensive Care Medicine. 46 (2): 225-235. doi:10.1007/s00134-020-05929-3.
Bhuvaraghan, A., King, R., Larvin, H., & Aggarwal, V. R. (2021). Antibiotic Use and Misuse in Dentistry in India-A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 10(12), 1459. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10121459
Goel D, Goel GK, Chaudhary S, Jain D. Antibiotic prescriptions in pediatric dentistry: A review. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb 28;9(2):473-480. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1097_19. PMID: 32318367; PMCID: PMC7114004
Contaldo M, D'Ambrosio F, Ferraro GA, Di Stasio D, Di Palo MP, Serpico R, Simeone M. Antibiotics in Dentistry: A Narrative Review of the Evidence beyond the Myth. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jun 1;20(11):6025. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20116025. PMID: 37297629; PMCID: PMC10252486
Contaldo M et al. Antibiotics in Dentistry: A Narrative Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(11):6025.
