Tam Ark Rehabilitasyonunda Dijital Ölçü: Teknoloji, Doğruluk ve Klinik Sınırlamalar
Özet
Dijital araçlar (ağız içi tarayıcılar, CBCT, CAD/CAM), tam ark protetik ve implant rehabilitasyon süreçlerini hızlandırarak hasta konforunu artırmış ve tanısal doğruluğu geliştirmiştir. Doğruluk; gerçek objeye yakınlık (trueness) ve tekrarlanabilirlik (precision) olmak üzere iki temel bileşenden oluşur. Tam ark dijital ölçüler, stabil anatomik referans noktalarının eksikliği nedeniyle birleştirme hatalarına ve ark boyunca kümülatif kaymalara açıktır. Tarama gövdesi geometrisi ve materyali, tarama stratejileri, operatör deneyimi ve yumuşak doku hareketi, tükürük veya değişken ışık gibi ağız içi koşullar, ölçü doğruluğunu önemli ölçüde etkiler. Segmental tarama veya yardımcı cihazların kullanımı kümülatif hataları azaltabilirken, dijital ve geleneksel yöntemleri birleştiren hibrit iş akışları veya fotogrametri entegrasyonu daha güvenilir sonuçlar sağlar. Gelecekte yapay zeka destekli hata düzeltme algoritmaları ve geliştirilecek standart protokollerin, tam ark dijital ölçümlerin güvenilirliğini daha da artırması beklenmektedir.
Dijital araçlar (ağız içi tarayıcılar, CBCT, CAD/CAM), tam ark protetik ve implant rehabilitasyon süreçlerini hızlandırarak hasta konforunu artırmış ve tanısal doğruluğu geliştirmiştir. Doğruluk; gerçek objeye yakınlık (trueness) ve tekrarlanabilirlik (precision) olmak üzere iki temel bileşenden oluşur. Tam ark dijital ölçüler, stabil anatomik referans noktalarının eksikliği nedeniyle birleştirme hatalarına ve ark boyunca kümülatif kaymalara açıktır. Tarama gövdesi geometrisi ve materyali, tarama stratejileri, operatör deneyimi ve yumuşak doku hareketi, tükürük veya değişken ışık gibi ağız içi koşullar, ölçü doğruluğunu önemli ölçüde etkiler. Segmental tarama veya yardımcı cihazların kullanımı kümülatif hataları azaltabilirken, dijital ve geleneksel yöntemleri birleştiren hibrit iş akışları veya fotogrametri entegrasyonu daha güvenilir sonuçlar sağlar. Gelecekte yapay zeka destekli hata düzeltme algoritmaları ve geliştirilecek standart protokollerin, tam ark dijital ölçümlerin güvenilirliğini daha da artırması beklenmektedir.
Referanslar
Auduc C, Douillard T, Nicolas E, El Osta N. Fully digital workflow in full-arch implant rehabilitation: a descriptive methodological review. Prosthesis. 2025;7(4):85.
Gehrke P, Rashidpour M, Sader R, Weigl P. A systematic review of factors impacting intraoral scanning accuracy in implant dentistry with emphasis on scan bodies. International journal of implant dentistry. 2024;10(1):20.
Cerghizan D, Jánosi KM, Farcas A, Bojan MM, Muntean MH, Nechiti AAM, et al. Accuracy of Analog and Digital Full-Arch Mandibular Impressions: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. Diagnostics (Basel). 2025;15(16).
Floriani F, Lopes GC, Cabrera A, Duarte W, Zoidis P, Oliveira D, et al. Linear Accuracy of Intraoral Scanners for Full-Arch Impressions of Implant-Supported Prostheses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Eur J Dent. 2023;17(4):964-73.
Alfaraj A, Alqudaihi F, Khurshid Z, Qadiri O, Lin WS. Comparative analyses of accuracy between digital and conventional impressions for complete‐arch implant‐supported fixed dental prostheses—A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2025.
Pesce P, Nicolini P, Caponio VCA, Zecca PA, Canullo L, Isola G, et al. Accuracy of full-arch intraoral scans versus conventional impression: A systematic review with a meta-analysis and a proposal to standardise the analysis of the accuracy. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024;14(1):71.
Vitai V, Németh A, Sólyom E, Czumbel LM, Szabó B, Fazekas R, et al. Evaluation of the accuracy of intraoral scanners for complete-arch scanning: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Dent. 2023;137:104636.
Abuduwaili K, Huang R, Song J, Liu Y, Chen Z, Huang B, et al. Comparison of photogrammetric imaging, intraoral scanning and conventional impression accuracy of full-arch dental implant rehabilitation: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health. 2025;25(1):753.
Pozzi A, Carosi P, Gallucci GO, Nagy K, Nardi A, Arcuri L. Accuracy of complete-arch digital implant impression with intraoral optical scanning and stereophotogrammetry: An in vivo prospective comparative study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2023;34(10):1106-17.
Guimarães AS, Mendonça TS, Borella PS, Khalil G, Li J, Al-Tarawneh S, et al. Accuracy of intraoral scanners for full-arch implant scanning in the Maxilla using horizontal scanbody. PLoS One. 2025;20(12):e0332174.
Sezer T, Esim E, Yilmaz E. Accuracy of an intraoral scanner that uses optical triangulation and confocal microscopy technology for full-arch digital implant impression: in vivo and in vitro evaluation. Selcuk Dental Journal. 2025;12(1):93-8.
Ke Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Chen H, Sun Y. Comparing the accuracy of full-arch implant impressions using the conventional technique and digital scans with and without prefabricated landmarks in the mandible: An in vitro study. Journal of Dentistry. 2023;135:104561.
Ender A, Mehl A. Accuracy in dental medicine, a new way to measure trueness and precision. J Vis Exp. 2014(86).
Gianfreda F, Raffone C, Martelli M, Pitino A, Caponio VCA, Bollero P. Conventional scan body vs. scan bodies with auxiliary geometric devices: an in vitro study for edentulous full-arch implant impressions. Frontiers in Oral Health. 2025;6:1574149.
Mourouzis P. Critical methodological factors influencing the accuracy of intraoral scanners in digital dentistry research. Computers in Biology and Medicine. 2025;187:109780.
Papaspyridakos P, De Souza A, Finkelman M, Sicilia E, Gotsis S, Chen Yw, et al. Digital vs conventional full‐arch implant impressions: a retrospective analysis of 36 edentulous jaws. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2023;32(4):325-30.
Kwon M, Cho Y, Kim D-W, Kim M, Kim Y-J, Chang M. Full-arch accuracy of five intraoral scanners: In vivo analysis of trueness and precision. Korean journal of orthodontics. 2021;51(2):95-104.
Gómez-Polo M, Piedra-Cascón W, Methani MM, Quesada-Olmo N, Farjas-Abadia M, Revilla-León M. Influence of rescanning mesh holes and stitching procedures on the complete-arch scanning accuracy of an intraoral scanner: An in vitro study. Journal of dentistry. 2021;110:103690.
Peroz S, Spies BC, Adali U, Beuer F, Wesemann C. Measured accuracy of intraoral scanners is highly dependent on methodical factors. Journal of Prosthodontic Research. 2022;66(2):318-25.
Andriessen FS, Rijkens DR, Van Der Meer WJ, Wismeijer DW. Applicability and accuracy of an intraoral scanner for scanning multiple implants in edentulous mandibles: a pilot study. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2014;111(3):186-94.
Zhang Y-J, Shi J-Y, Qian S-J, Qiao S-C, Lai H-C. Accuracy of full-arch digital implant impressions taken using intraoral scanners and related variables: A systematic review. Int J Oral Implantol (Berl). 2021;14(2):157-79.
Lee J-H, Jo J-S, Lee SY. Digital impression accuracy for bone-level and tissue-level implants using scan bodies of different heights. Scientific Reports. 2025;15(1):37367.
Alkindi S, Hamdoon Z, Aziz AM. Effect of different impression coping and scan body designs on the accuracy of conventional versus digital implant impressions: An in vitro study. J Dent. 2024;146:105045.
Baranowski JH, Stenport VF, Braian M, Wennerberg A. Effects of scan body material, length and top design on digital implant impression accuracy and usability: an in vitro study. J Adv Prosthodont. 2025;17(3):125-36.
Sequeira V, Harper MT, Lilly CL, Bryington MS. Accuracy of digital impressions at varying implant depths: an in vitro study. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2023;32(1):54-61.
Kanjanasavitree P, Thammajaruk P, Guazzato M. Comparison of different artificial landmarks and scanning patterns on the complete-arch implant intraoral digital scans. Journal of Dentistry. 2022;125:104266.
İleri SA, Büyükerkmen EB. In vitro evaluation of the effect of auxiliary geometric device on measurement trueness and scanning time in full-arch implant impressions. The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics. 2025;17(4):197.
Wu HK, Leung S, Chen H, Kong Q, Huang X, Lin X, et al. Effect of prefabricated auxiliary devices in different optical properties and shapes on the accuracy of intraoral scanning of the edentulous arch with multiple implants: An in-vitro study. Journal of Dentistry. 2024;151:105430.
Kaewbuasa N, Ongthiemsak C. Effect of different arch widths on the accuracy of three intraoral scanners. The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics. 2021;13(4):205.
Salloum R. Seamless integration: Hybrid intraoral-extraoral scanning techniques redefining articulation in complete-arch implant-supported restorations with rapid digital conversion. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2025.
Fouda A, Wyatt C, McCullagh A, Vora SR, Ford NL, Gebril M. Evaluation of the accuracy of digital workflow for implant-supported full-arch fixed dental prostheses using a novel micro-CT measurement technique. J Prosthodont. 2025.
Revilla-León M, Aragoneses R, Arroyo Valverde EM, Gómez-Polo M, Kois JC. Classification of Scanning Errors of Digital Scans Recorded by Using Intraoral Scanners. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2025;37(6):1363-71.
Chebib N, Kalberer N, Srinivasan M, Maniewicz S, Perneger T, Müller F. Edentulous jaw impression techniques: An in vivo comparison of trueness. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2019;121(4):623-30.
Feng Y, Feng Z, Li J, Chen J, Yu H, Jiang X, et al. Expert consensus on digital restoration of complete dentures. International Journal of Oral Science. 2025;17(1):58.
Sezer T, Sezer AB. Effects of Operator Experience and Scanning Distance on Intraoral Scanner Accuracy. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Dergisi. 2024(3):36-44.
Limones A, Morton D, Sallorenzo A, Lin W-S, Sadid-Zadeh R, Phasuk K, et al. Impact of operator experience on intraoral digital scanning: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Report of the Committee on Research in Fixed Prosthodontics of the American Academy of Fixed Prosthodontics. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2025.
Al Hamad KQ. Learning curve of intraoral scanning by prosthodontic residents. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2020;123(2):277-83.
Róth I, Czigola A, Joós-Kovács GL, Dalos M, Hermann P, Borbély J. Learning curve of digital intraoral scanning - an in vivo study. BMC Oral Health. 2020;20(1):287.
Koo B, Son K, Lee J-M, Kim S-Y, Jin M-U, Lee K-B. Prediction of learning curves of wired and wireless intraoral scanners. Scientific Reports. 2023;13(1):21661.
Referanslar
Auduc C, Douillard T, Nicolas E, El Osta N. Fully digital workflow in full-arch implant rehabilitation: a descriptive methodological review. Prosthesis. 2025;7(4):85.
Gehrke P, Rashidpour M, Sader R, Weigl P. A systematic review of factors impacting intraoral scanning accuracy in implant dentistry with emphasis on scan bodies. International journal of implant dentistry. 2024;10(1):20.
Cerghizan D, Jánosi KM, Farcas A, Bojan MM, Muntean MH, Nechiti AAM, et al. Accuracy of Analog and Digital Full-Arch Mandibular Impressions: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. Diagnostics (Basel). 2025;15(16).
Floriani F, Lopes GC, Cabrera A, Duarte W, Zoidis P, Oliveira D, et al. Linear Accuracy of Intraoral Scanners for Full-Arch Impressions of Implant-Supported Prostheses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Eur J Dent. 2023;17(4):964-73.
Alfaraj A, Alqudaihi F, Khurshid Z, Qadiri O, Lin WS. Comparative analyses of accuracy between digital and conventional impressions for complete‐arch implant‐supported fixed dental prostheses—A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2025.
Pesce P, Nicolini P, Caponio VCA, Zecca PA, Canullo L, Isola G, et al. Accuracy of full-arch intraoral scans versus conventional impression: A systematic review with a meta-analysis and a proposal to standardise the analysis of the accuracy. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024;14(1):71.
Vitai V, Németh A, Sólyom E, Czumbel LM, Szabó B, Fazekas R, et al. Evaluation of the accuracy of intraoral scanners for complete-arch scanning: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Dent. 2023;137:104636.
Abuduwaili K, Huang R, Song J, Liu Y, Chen Z, Huang B, et al. Comparison of photogrammetric imaging, intraoral scanning and conventional impression accuracy of full-arch dental implant rehabilitation: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health. 2025;25(1):753.
Pozzi A, Carosi P, Gallucci GO, Nagy K, Nardi A, Arcuri L. Accuracy of complete-arch digital implant impression with intraoral optical scanning and stereophotogrammetry: An in vivo prospective comparative study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2023;34(10):1106-17.
Guimarães AS, Mendonça TS, Borella PS, Khalil G, Li J, Al-Tarawneh S, et al. Accuracy of intraoral scanners for full-arch implant scanning in the Maxilla using horizontal scanbody. PLoS One. 2025;20(12):e0332174.
Sezer T, Esim E, Yilmaz E. Accuracy of an intraoral scanner that uses optical triangulation and confocal microscopy technology for full-arch digital implant impression: in vivo and in vitro evaluation. Selcuk Dental Journal. 2025;12(1):93-8.
Ke Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Chen H, Sun Y. Comparing the accuracy of full-arch implant impressions using the conventional technique and digital scans with and without prefabricated landmarks in the mandible: An in vitro study. Journal of Dentistry. 2023;135:104561.
Ender A, Mehl A. Accuracy in dental medicine, a new way to measure trueness and precision. J Vis Exp. 2014(86).
Gianfreda F, Raffone C, Martelli M, Pitino A, Caponio VCA, Bollero P. Conventional scan body vs. scan bodies with auxiliary geometric devices: an in vitro study for edentulous full-arch implant impressions. Frontiers in Oral Health. 2025;6:1574149.
Mourouzis P. Critical methodological factors influencing the accuracy of intraoral scanners in digital dentistry research. Computers in Biology and Medicine. 2025;187:109780.
Papaspyridakos P, De Souza A, Finkelman M, Sicilia E, Gotsis S, Chen Yw, et al. Digital vs conventional full‐arch implant impressions: a retrospective analysis of 36 edentulous jaws. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2023;32(4):325-30.
Kwon M, Cho Y, Kim D-W, Kim M, Kim Y-J, Chang M. Full-arch accuracy of five intraoral scanners: In vivo analysis of trueness and precision. Korean journal of orthodontics. 2021;51(2):95-104.
Gómez-Polo M, Piedra-Cascón W, Methani MM, Quesada-Olmo N, Farjas-Abadia M, Revilla-León M. Influence of rescanning mesh holes and stitching procedures on the complete-arch scanning accuracy of an intraoral scanner: An in vitro study. Journal of dentistry. 2021;110:103690.
Peroz S, Spies BC, Adali U, Beuer F, Wesemann C. Measured accuracy of intraoral scanners is highly dependent on methodical factors. Journal of Prosthodontic Research. 2022;66(2):318-25.
Andriessen FS, Rijkens DR, Van Der Meer WJ, Wismeijer DW. Applicability and accuracy of an intraoral scanner for scanning multiple implants in edentulous mandibles: a pilot study. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2014;111(3):186-94.
Zhang Y-J, Shi J-Y, Qian S-J, Qiao S-C, Lai H-C. Accuracy of full-arch digital implant impressions taken using intraoral scanners and related variables: A systematic review. Int J Oral Implantol (Berl). 2021;14(2):157-79.
Lee J-H, Jo J-S, Lee SY. Digital impression accuracy for bone-level and tissue-level implants using scan bodies of different heights. Scientific Reports. 2025;15(1):37367.
Alkindi S, Hamdoon Z, Aziz AM. Effect of different impression coping and scan body designs on the accuracy of conventional versus digital implant impressions: An in vitro study. J Dent. 2024;146:105045.
Baranowski JH, Stenport VF, Braian M, Wennerberg A. Effects of scan body material, length and top design on digital implant impression accuracy and usability: an in vitro study. J Adv Prosthodont. 2025;17(3):125-36.
Sequeira V, Harper MT, Lilly CL, Bryington MS. Accuracy of digital impressions at varying implant depths: an in vitro study. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2023;32(1):54-61.
Kanjanasavitree P, Thammajaruk P, Guazzato M. Comparison of different artificial landmarks and scanning patterns on the complete-arch implant intraoral digital scans. Journal of Dentistry. 2022;125:104266.
İleri SA, Büyükerkmen EB. In vitro evaluation of the effect of auxiliary geometric device on measurement trueness and scanning time in full-arch implant impressions. The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics. 2025;17(4):197.
Wu HK, Leung S, Chen H, Kong Q, Huang X, Lin X, et al. Effect of prefabricated auxiliary devices in different optical properties and shapes on the accuracy of intraoral scanning of the edentulous arch with multiple implants: An in-vitro study. Journal of Dentistry. 2024;151:105430.
Kaewbuasa N, Ongthiemsak C. Effect of different arch widths on the accuracy of three intraoral scanners. The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics. 2021;13(4):205.
Salloum R. Seamless integration: Hybrid intraoral-extraoral scanning techniques redefining articulation in complete-arch implant-supported restorations with rapid digital conversion. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2025.
Fouda A, Wyatt C, McCullagh A, Vora SR, Ford NL, Gebril M. Evaluation of the accuracy of digital workflow for implant-supported full-arch fixed dental prostheses using a novel micro-CT measurement technique. J Prosthodont. 2025.
Revilla-León M, Aragoneses R, Arroyo Valverde EM, Gómez-Polo M, Kois JC. Classification of Scanning Errors of Digital Scans Recorded by Using Intraoral Scanners. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2025;37(6):1363-71.
Chebib N, Kalberer N, Srinivasan M, Maniewicz S, Perneger T, Müller F. Edentulous jaw impression techniques: An in vivo comparison of trueness. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2019;121(4):623-30.
Feng Y, Feng Z, Li J, Chen J, Yu H, Jiang X, et al. Expert consensus on digital restoration of complete dentures. International Journal of Oral Science. 2025;17(1):58.
Sezer T, Sezer AB. Effects of Operator Experience and Scanning Distance on Intraoral Scanner Accuracy. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Dergisi. 2024(3):36-44.
Limones A, Morton D, Sallorenzo A, Lin W-S, Sadid-Zadeh R, Phasuk K, et al. Impact of operator experience on intraoral digital scanning: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Report of the Committee on Research in Fixed Prosthodontics of the American Academy of Fixed Prosthodontics. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2025.
Al Hamad KQ. Learning curve of intraoral scanning by prosthodontic residents. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2020;123(2):277-83.
Róth I, Czigola A, Joós-Kovács GL, Dalos M, Hermann P, Borbély J. Learning curve of digital intraoral scanning - an in vivo study. BMC Oral Health. 2020;20(1):287.
Koo B, Son K, Lee J-M, Kim S-Y, Jin M-U, Lee K-B. Prediction of learning curves of wired and wireless intraoral scanners. Scientific Reports. 2023;13(1):21661.
