Endodontik Tedavi Görmüş Dişlerin Restorasyonu: Güncel Bir Bakış Açısı
Özet
Endodontik tedavi görmüş dişlerin uzun dönem klinik başarısı yalnızca kök kanal tedavisinin kalitesine değil, aynı zamanda uygun restoratif ve protetik üstyapının seçimine de bağlıdır. Güncel literatür, bu dişlerde kırılganlığın temel nedeninin pulpanın kaybı değil, tedavi sırasında oluşan sert doku kaybı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bölümde endodontik tedavi görmüş dişlerin restorasyonunda kullanılan direkt ve indirekt restoratif seçenekler güncel literatür ışığında ele alınmaktadır. Kompozit rezinler, cam iyonomer simanlar, inley-onley restorasyonlar, tam kronlar ve post-kor sistemleri gibi farklı restoratif yaklaşımlar; endikasyonları, avantajları ve sınırlılıkları açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Son yıllarda adeziv diş hekimliğindeki gelişmeler ve dijital üretim teknolojilerinin klinik uygulamalara entegrasyonu, daha konservatif ve minimal invaziv restoratif stratejilerin benimsenmesini sağlamıştır. Özellikle endokron restorasyonlar, uygun vaka seçimi yapıldığında post-kor restorasyonlarına alternatif olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir. Güncel yaklaşımın temel amacı, maksimum diş dokusu korunarak uzun dönem biyomekanik ve fonksiyonel başarının sağlanmasıdır.
The long-term clinical success of endodontically treated teeth depends not only on the quality of root canal treatment but also on the appropriate selection of restorative and prosthetic rehabilitation. Contemporary evidence indicates that the increased susceptibility to fracture in these teeth is primarily related to the loss of hard dental tissues during treatment rather than to the loss of pulp vitality. This chapter reviews the current restorative approaches used for the rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth, with emphasis on both direct and indirect restorative options. Various restorative strategies including resin composites, glass ionomer cements, inlay-onlay restorations, full-coverage crowns, and post-core systems are discussed in terms of their indications, advantages, and limitations. Recent advances in adhesive dentistry and the integration of digital manufacturing technologies into clinical practice have encouraged the adoption of more conservative and minimally invasive restorative strategies. In this context, endocrown restorations have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional post-core restorations when appropriate case selection is performed. The contemporary objective of restorative treatment is to preserve as much remaining tooth structure as possible while ensuring long-term biomechanical stability and functional success.
Referanslar
RAY HA, TROPE M. Periapical status of endodontically treated teeth in relation to the technical quality of the root filling and the coronal restoration. Int Endod J [Internet]. 1995 [cited 2026 Jan 22];28(1):12–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7642323/
Fernandes Zancan R, Hadis M, Burgess D, Zhang ZJ, Di Maio A, Tomson P, et al. A matched irrigation and obturation strategy for root canal therapy. Scientific Reports 2021 11:1 [Internet]. 2021 Feb 25 [cited 2026 Jan 24];11(1):4666-. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-83849-y
Patel SR, Youngson C, Jarad F. Principles guiding the restoration of the root-filled tooth. Br Dent J [Internet]. 2025 Apr 11 [cited 2026 Jan 29];238(7):508–16. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40217033/
Uslu G, Arıcan B, Gündoğar M, Özyürek T. How does endodontic access cavity design affect the biomechanics of a maxillary premolar?? a finite element analysis study. BMC Oral Health 2025 25:1 [Internet]. 2025 Sep 26 [cited 2026 Jan 27];25(1):1439-. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-025-06769-7
Alves de Carvalho I, Marques T, Araújo F, Azevedo L, Donato H, Correia A. Clinical Performance of CAD/CAM Tooth-Supported Ceramic Restorations: A Systematic Review. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2026 Jan 21];38(4):e68–78. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29889916/
Kimble P, Corso AM, Beattie M, Campos MS, Cavalcanti B. Biomimetics and the restoration of the endodontically treated tooth. Braz Dent Sci [Internet]. 2023 Jan 1 [cited 2026 Jan 27];26(1). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367639400_Biomimetics_and_the_restoration_of_the_endodontically_treated_tooth
Dammaschke T, Nykiel K, Sagheri D, Schäfer E. Influence of coronal restorations on the fracture resistance of root canal-treated premolar and molar teeth: A retrospective study. Australian Endodontic Journal [Internet]. 2013 Aug 1 [cited 2026 Jan 24];39(2):48–56. Available from: /doi/pdf/10.1111/aej.12002
Saad KB, Bakry SI, AboElhassan RG. Fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, restored with two post-core systems in different post space diameters (in vitro study). BMC Oral Health 2023 23:1 [Internet]. 2023 Dec 11 [cited 2026 Jan 28];23(1):992-. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-023-03730-4
Mannocci F, Bhuva B, Roig M, Zarow M, Bitter K, Dummer PMH, et al. European Society of Endodontology position statement: The restoration of root filled teeth. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2021 Nov 1 [cited 2026 Jan 22];54(11):1974–81. Available from: /doi/pdf/10.1111/iej.13607
Salehrabi R, Rotstein I. Endodontic treatment outcomes in a large patient population in the USA: An epidemiological study. J Endod [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2026 Jan 21];30(12):846–50. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15564861/
Wuersching SN, Moser L, Obermeier KT, Kollmuss M. Microleakage of Restorative Materials Used for Temporization of Endodontic Access Cavities. J Clin Med [Internet]. 2023 Jul 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];12(14):4762. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/14/4762/htm
Paulo S, Abrantes AM, Xavier M, Brito AF, Teixo R, Coelho AS, et al. Microleakage Evaluation of Temporary Restorations Used in Endodontic Treatment—An Ex Vivo Study. Journal of Functional Biomaterials 2023, Vol 14, Page 264 [Internet]. 2023 May 9 [cited 2026 Jan 28];14(5):264. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/14/5/264/htm
Patel S, Bhuva B, Bose R. Present status and future directions: vertical root fractures in root filled teeth. Int Endod J. 2022 May 1;55(S3):804–26.
Al-Nuaimi N, Ciapryna S, Chia M, Patel S, Mannocci F. A prospective study on the effect of coronal tooth structure loss on the 4-year clinical survival of root canal retreated teeth and retrospective validation of the Dental Practicality Index. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2020 Aug 1 [cited 2026 Jan 21];53(8):1040–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32383194/
Nagasiri R, Chitmongkolsuk S. Long-term survival of endodontically treated molars without crown coverage: A retrospective cohort study. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry [Internet]. 2005 Feb [cited 2026 Jan 21];93(2):164–70. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15674228/
Aquilino SA, Caplan DJ. Relationship between crown placement and the survival of endodontically treated teeth. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2026 Jan 21];87(3):256–63. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11941351/
Pratt I, Aminoshariae A, Montagnese TA, Williams KA, Khalighinejad N, Mickel A. Eight-Year Retrospective Study of the Critical Time Lapse between Root Canal Completion and Crown Placement: Its Influence on the Survival of Endodontically Treated Teeth. J Endod [Internet]. 2016 Nov 1 [cited 2026 Jan 21];42(11):1598–603. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27625148/
Naumann M, Schmitter M, Frankenberger R, Krastl G. “Ferrule Comes First. Post Is Second!” Fake News and Alternative Facts? A Systematic Review. J Endod [Internet]. 2018 Feb 1 [cited 2026 Feb 3];44(2):212–9. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0099239917311196
Xu M, Ren H, Liu C, Zhao X, Li X. Systematic review and meta-analysis of root morphology and canal configuration of permanent premolars using cone-beam computed tomography. BMC Oral Health 2024 24:1 [Internet]. 2024 Jun 4 [cited 2026 Jan 28];24(1):656-. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-024-04419-y
Haupt F, Wiegand A, Kanzow P. Risk Factors for and Clinical Presentations Indicative of Vertical Root Fracture in Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Endod [Internet]. 2023 Aug 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];49(8):940–52. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0099239923003230
Schmalz G, Widbiller M. Biocompatibility of Amalgam vs Composite - A Review. Oral Health Prev Dent [Internet]. 2022 Mar 14 [cited 2026 Jan 22];20(1):149–56. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35308016/
Plasmans PJJM, Creugers NHJ, Mulder J. Long-term survival of extensive amalgam restorations. J Dent Res [Internet]. 1998 [cited 2026 Jan 22];77(3):453–60. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9496918/
Sakaguchi RL, Ferracane J, Powers JM. Craig’s Restorative Dental Materials - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2018.
J O Burgess, Richard Walker, J M Davidson. Posterior resin-based composite: review of the literature - PubMed. Pediatr Dent [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2026 Jan 22]; Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12412962/
Kaptan Usul S, Aslan A, Lüleci HB, Ergüden B, Çöpoğlu MT, Oflaz H, et al. Investigation of antimicrobial and mechanical effects of functional nanoparticles in novel dental resin composites. J Dent [Internet]. 2022 Aug 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];123. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35691455/
Sikka N, Brizuela M. Glass Ionomer Cement. StatPearls Publishing; 2025.
Mas-López J, Melendez D, Tay LY. Current status of materials for posterior indirect adhesive restorations. Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia [Internet]. 2025 Aug 12 [cited 2026 Jan 28];37(2):e354646–e354646. Available from: https://revistas.udea.edu.co/index.php/odont/article/view/354646
Mas-López J, Melendez D, Tay LY. Current status of materials for posterior indirect adhesive restorations. Revista Facultad de Odontología. 2025;37(2).
Söylemez Z, Doğan A. Posterior Indirect Adhesive Restorations and Preparation Designs. Current Research in Dental Sciences [Internet]. 2025 Apr 20 [cited 2026 Jan 28];35(2):169–73. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/currresdentsci/article/1677809
Yurdagüven GY, Çiftçioğlu E, Kazokoğlu FŞ, Kayahan MB. 5-Year clinical performance of ceramic onlay and overlay restorations luted with light-cured composite resin. J Dent [Internet]. 2024 Oct 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];149. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39067649/
Mannocci F, Cowie J. Restoration of endodontically treated teeth. Br Dent J [Internet]. 2014 Mar 21 [cited 2026 Jan 28];216(6):341–6. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24651340/
Nam SH, Chang HS, Min KS, Lee Y, Cho HW, Bae JM. Effect of the Number of Residual Walls on Fracture Resistances, Failure Patterns, and Photoelasticity of Simulated Premolars Restored with or without Fiber-reinforced Composite Posts. J Endod [Internet]. 2010 Feb [cited 2026 Jan 28];36(2):297–301. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20113794/
Cagidiaco MC, Radovic I, Simonetti M, Tay F, Ferrari M. Clinical performance of fiber post restorations in endodontically treated teeth: 2-year results. Int J Prosthodont [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2026 Jan 28];20(3):293–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17580463/
Mannocci F, Qualtrough AJE, Worthington H V., Watson TF, Pitt Ford TR. Randomized clinical comparison of endodontically treated teeth restored with amalgam or with fiber posts and resin composite: five-year results. Oper Dent [Internet]. 2005 Jan [cited 2026 Jan 28];30(1):9–15. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15765952/
Vogler JAH, Lehmann M, Rehmann P, Wöstmann B. Survival time of post and cores: A 16 year retrospective follow-up study. J Dent [Internet]. 2022 Feb 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];117. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34953973/
Giok KC, Veettil SK, Menon RK. Comparative effectiveness of fiber and metal posts in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth: A systematic review with network meta-analysis. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry [Internet]. 2025 Sep 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];134(3):597–615. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37827970/
37. Abdulrazaq LA, Ali AH, Foschi F. Minimally invasive access cavities in endodontics. Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry , 35 (2) pp 65-75 (2023) [Internet]. 2023 Jun 15 [cited 2026 Jan 28];35(2):65–75. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.26477/jbcd.v35i2.3406
Marvaniya J, Agarwal K, Mehta DN, Parmar N, Shyamal R, Patel J. Minimal Invasive Endodontics: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. 2022;
Keir DM, Pinheiro LR, Pinheiro MCR, Cortes ARG. Digital workflow in endodontics. Digital Dentistry: A Step-by-Step Guide and Case Atlas [Internet]. 2022 Apr 29 [cited 2026 Jan 28];257–63. Available from: /doi/pdf/10.1002/9781119852025.ch8
Breschi L, Maravic T, Mazzitelli C, Josic U, Mancuso E, Cadenaro M, et al. The evolution of adhesive dentistry: From etch-and-rinse to universal bonding systems. Dental Materials [Internet]. 2025 Feb 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];41(2):141–58. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0109564124003397
PertekHatipoğlu F ABHÖ. Endodontik Tedavi Görmüş Dişlerde Koronal restorasyonlar. Akademisyen Kitabevi. 2020;25–38.
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Referanslar
RAY HA, TROPE M. Periapical status of endodontically treated teeth in relation to the technical quality of the root filling and the coronal restoration. Int Endod J [Internet]. 1995 [cited 2026 Jan 22];28(1):12–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7642323/
Fernandes Zancan R, Hadis M, Burgess D, Zhang ZJ, Di Maio A, Tomson P, et al. A matched irrigation and obturation strategy for root canal therapy. Scientific Reports 2021 11:1 [Internet]. 2021 Feb 25 [cited 2026 Jan 24];11(1):4666-. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-83849-y
Patel SR, Youngson C, Jarad F. Principles guiding the restoration of the root-filled tooth. Br Dent J [Internet]. 2025 Apr 11 [cited 2026 Jan 29];238(7):508–16. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40217033/
Uslu G, Arıcan B, Gündoğar M, Özyürek T. How does endodontic access cavity design affect the biomechanics of a maxillary premolar?? a finite element analysis study. BMC Oral Health 2025 25:1 [Internet]. 2025 Sep 26 [cited 2026 Jan 27];25(1):1439-. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-025-06769-7
Alves de Carvalho I, Marques T, Araújo F, Azevedo L, Donato H, Correia A. Clinical Performance of CAD/CAM Tooth-Supported Ceramic Restorations: A Systematic Review. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2026 Jan 21];38(4):e68–78. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29889916/
Kimble P, Corso AM, Beattie M, Campos MS, Cavalcanti B. Biomimetics and the restoration of the endodontically treated tooth. Braz Dent Sci [Internet]. 2023 Jan 1 [cited 2026 Jan 27];26(1). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367639400_Biomimetics_and_the_restoration_of_the_endodontically_treated_tooth
Dammaschke T, Nykiel K, Sagheri D, Schäfer E. Influence of coronal restorations on the fracture resistance of root canal-treated premolar and molar teeth: A retrospective study. Australian Endodontic Journal [Internet]. 2013 Aug 1 [cited 2026 Jan 24];39(2):48–56. Available from: /doi/pdf/10.1111/aej.12002
Saad KB, Bakry SI, AboElhassan RG. Fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, restored with two post-core systems in different post space diameters (in vitro study). BMC Oral Health 2023 23:1 [Internet]. 2023 Dec 11 [cited 2026 Jan 28];23(1):992-. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-023-03730-4
Mannocci F, Bhuva B, Roig M, Zarow M, Bitter K, Dummer PMH, et al. European Society of Endodontology position statement: The restoration of root filled teeth. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2021 Nov 1 [cited 2026 Jan 22];54(11):1974–81. Available from: /doi/pdf/10.1111/iej.13607
Salehrabi R, Rotstein I. Endodontic treatment outcomes in a large patient population in the USA: An epidemiological study. J Endod [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2026 Jan 21];30(12):846–50. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15564861/
Wuersching SN, Moser L, Obermeier KT, Kollmuss M. Microleakage of Restorative Materials Used for Temporization of Endodontic Access Cavities. J Clin Med [Internet]. 2023 Jul 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];12(14):4762. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/14/4762/htm
Paulo S, Abrantes AM, Xavier M, Brito AF, Teixo R, Coelho AS, et al. Microleakage Evaluation of Temporary Restorations Used in Endodontic Treatment—An Ex Vivo Study. Journal of Functional Biomaterials 2023, Vol 14, Page 264 [Internet]. 2023 May 9 [cited 2026 Jan 28];14(5):264. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/14/5/264/htm
Patel S, Bhuva B, Bose R. Present status and future directions: vertical root fractures in root filled teeth. Int Endod J. 2022 May 1;55(S3):804–26.
Al-Nuaimi N, Ciapryna S, Chia M, Patel S, Mannocci F. A prospective study on the effect of coronal tooth structure loss on the 4-year clinical survival of root canal retreated teeth and retrospective validation of the Dental Practicality Index. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2020 Aug 1 [cited 2026 Jan 21];53(8):1040–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32383194/
Nagasiri R, Chitmongkolsuk S. Long-term survival of endodontically treated molars without crown coverage: A retrospective cohort study. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry [Internet]. 2005 Feb [cited 2026 Jan 21];93(2):164–70. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15674228/
Aquilino SA, Caplan DJ. Relationship between crown placement and the survival of endodontically treated teeth. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2026 Jan 21];87(3):256–63. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11941351/
Pratt I, Aminoshariae A, Montagnese TA, Williams KA, Khalighinejad N, Mickel A. Eight-Year Retrospective Study of the Critical Time Lapse between Root Canal Completion and Crown Placement: Its Influence on the Survival of Endodontically Treated Teeth. J Endod [Internet]. 2016 Nov 1 [cited 2026 Jan 21];42(11):1598–603. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27625148/
Naumann M, Schmitter M, Frankenberger R, Krastl G. “Ferrule Comes First. Post Is Second!” Fake News and Alternative Facts? A Systematic Review. J Endod [Internet]. 2018 Feb 1 [cited 2026 Feb 3];44(2):212–9. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0099239917311196
Xu M, Ren H, Liu C, Zhao X, Li X. Systematic review and meta-analysis of root morphology and canal configuration of permanent premolars using cone-beam computed tomography. BMC Oral Health 2024 24:1 [Internet]. 2024 Jun 4 [cited 2026 Jan 28];24(1):656-. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-024-04419-y
Haupt F, Wiegand A, Kanzow P. Risk Factors for and Clinical Presentations Indicative of Vertical Root Fracture in Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Endod [Internet]. 2023 Aug 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];49(8):940–52. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0099239923003230
Schmalz G, Widbiller M. Biocompatibility of Amalgam vs Composite - A Review. Oral Health Prev Dent [Internet]. 2022 Mar 14 [cited 2026 Jan 22];20(1):149–56. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35308016/
Plasmans PJJM, Creugers NHJ, Mulder J. Long-term survival of extensive amalgam restorations. J Dent Res [Internet]. 1998 [cited 2026 Jan 22];77(3):453–60. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9496918/
Sakaguchi RL, Ferracane J, Powers JM. Craig’s Restorative Dental Materials - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2018.
J O Burgess, Richard Walker, J M Davidson. Posterior resin-based composite: review of the literature - PubMed. Pediatr Dent [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2026 Jan 22]; Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12412962/
Kaptan Usul S, Aslan A, Lüleci HB, Ergüden B, Çöpoğlu MT, Oflaz H, et al. Investigation of antimicrobial and mechanical effects of functional nanoparticles in novel dental resin composites. J Dent [Internet]. 2022 Aug 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];123. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35691455/
Sikka N, Brizuela M. Glass Ionomer Cement. StatPearls Publishing; 2025.
Mas-López J, Melendez D, Tay LY. Current status of materials for posterior indirect adhesive restorations. Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia [Internet]. 2025 Aug 12 [cited 2026 Jan 28];37(2):e354646–e354646. Available from: https://revistas.udea.edu.co/index.php/odont/article/view/354646
Mas-López J, Melendez D, Tay LY. Current status of materials for posterior indirect adhesive restorations. Revista Facultad de Odontología. 2025;37(2).
Söylemez Z, Doğan A. Posterior Indirect Adhesive Restorations and Preparation Designs. Current Research in Dental Sciences [Internet]. 2025 Apr 20 [cited 2026 Jan 28];35(2):169–73. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/currresdentsci/article/1677809
Yurdagüven GY, Çiftçioğlu E, Kazokoğlu FŞ, Kayahan MB. 5-Year clinical performance of ceramic onlay and overlay restorations luted with light-cured composite resin. J Dent [Internet]. 2024 Oct 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];149. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39067649/
Mannocci F, Cowie J. Restoration of endodontically treated teeth. Br Dent J [Internet]. 2014 Mar 21 [cited 2026 Jan 28];216(6):341–6. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24651340/
Nam SH, Chang HS, Min KS, Lee Y, Cho HW, Bae JM. Effect of the Number of Residual Walls on Fracture Resistances, Failure Patterns, and Photoelasticity of Simulated Premolars Restored with or without Fiber-reinforced Composite Posts. J Endod [Internet]. 2010 Feb [cited 2026 Jan 28];36(2):297–301. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20113794/
Cagidiaco MC, Radovic I, Simonetti M, Tay F, Ferrari M. Clinical performance of fiber post restorations in endodontically treated teeth: 2-year results. Int J Prosthodont [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2026 Jan 28];20(3):293–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17580463/
Mannocci F, Qualtrough AJE, Worthington H V., Watson TF, Pitt Ford TR. Randomized clinical comparison of endodontically treated teeth restored with amalgam or with fiber posts and resin composite: five-year results. Oper Dent [Internet]. 2005 Jan [cited 2026 Jan 28];30(1):9–15. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15765952/
Vogler JAH, Lehmann M, Rehmann P, Wöstmann B. Survival time of post and cores: A 16 year retrospective follow-up study. J Dent [Internet]. 2022 Feb 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];117. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34953973/
Giok KC, Veettil SK, Menon RK. Comparative effectiveness of fiber and metal posts in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth: A systematic review with network meta-analysis. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry [Internet]. 2025 Sep 1 [cited 2026 Jan 28];134(3):597–615. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37827970/
37. Abdulrazaq LA, Ali AH, Foschi F. Minimally invasive access cavities in endodontics. Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry , 35 (2) pp 65-75 (2023) [Internet]. 2023 Jun 15 [cited 2026 Jan 28];35(2):65–75. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.26477/jbcd.v35i2.3406
Marvaniya J, Agarwal K, Mehta DN, Parmar N, Shyamal R, Patel J. Minimal Invasive Endodontics: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. 2022;
Keir DM, Pinheiro LR, Pinheiro MCR, Cortes ARG. Digital workflow in endodontics. Digital Dentistry: A Step-by-Step Guide and Case Atlas [Internet]. 2022 Apr 29 [cited 2026 Jan 28];257–63. Available from: /doi/pdf/10.1002/9781119852025.ch8
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