The Impact of Selected Macroeconomic Indicators on Consumer Expenditures: An Analysis of the EU-27 and Turkey

Acemoglu, D., & Scott, A. (1994). Consumer confidence and rational expectations: Are agents’ beliefs consistent with the theory? The Economic Journal, 104(422), 1-19.

Batchelor, R., & Dua, P. (1998). Improving macro-economic forecasts: The role of consumer confidence. International Journal of Forecasting, 14(1), 71–81.

Boston College. (2021). Department of Economics, Statistical Software Components. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from http://fmwww.bc.edu/RePEc/bocode/x/xtmg.html

Carroll, C. D., Fuhrer, J. C., & Wilcox, D. W. (1994). Does consumer sentiment forecast household spending? If so, why? American Economic Review, 84(5), 1397–1408.

Cengiz, M. F., & Şen, O. (2021). Ülke imajı bağlamında Türkiye’de Amerika Birleşik Devletleri imajı üzerine bir analiz. İletişim ve Diplomasi, 6, 3–27.

Duman, E. (2022). İktisadi büyüme ve tüketim harcamaları arasındaki ilişki: Türkiye ve Doğu Avrupa örneği. Manas Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11(3), 1077–1086.

Eberhardt, M. (2012). Estimating panel time-series models with heterogeneous slopes. The Stata Journal, 12, 61–71.

Eberhardt, M., & Bond, S. (2009). Cross-section dependence in nonstationary panel models: A novel estimator. (PDF) Cross-Section Dependence in Nonstationary Panel Models: A Novel Estimator.

Eberhardt, M., & Teal, F. (2010). Productivity analysis in global manufacturing production (Discussion Paper No. 515). Department of Economics, University of Oxford.

Felderer, B., & Homburg, S. (2017). Makro iktisat ve yeni makro iktisat (Trans. Ed.). Ankara: Efil Yayınevi.

Fischer, S., & Gelb, A. (1991). The process of socialist economic transformation. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5(4), 95–105.

Flodén, M. (2006). Saving labour supply and under uncertainty. The Economic Journal, SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance, 597, 1–20.

Fotis, P., & Polemis, M. (2018). The impact of market deregulation on 8milk price: A dynamic panel data approach. MPRA Paper, No. 86542.

Friedman, M. (1957). A theory of the consumption function. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Garner, C. A. (1991). Forecasting consumer spending: Should economists pay attention to consumer confidence surveys? Economic Review, 76(3), 57–71.

Howrey, E. P. (2001). The predictive power of the index of consumer sentiment. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2001(1), 175–207.

International Monetary Fund (IMF). (n.d.). Euro area datasets. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/profile/EURO

Irwin, R. D. (1963). Readings in the theory of income distribution American Economic Association.

Jappelli, T., & Pagano, M. (1989). Consumption and capital market imperfections: An international comparison. The American Economic Review, 79(5), 1088–1105.

Keynes, J. M. (1936). The general theory of employment, interest and money. İstanbul: Kalkedon Yayıncılık.

Lamdin, D. (2008). Does consumer sentiment foretell revolving credit use? Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 29(2), 279–288.

Le, H. P. (2020). The energy-growth nexus revisited: The role of financial development, institutions, government expenditure and trade openness. Heliyon, 6(7), e04369.

Lee, J., & Strazicich, M. C. (2003). Minimum Lagrange multiplier unit root test with two structural breaks. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 85(4), 1082–1089.

Leland, H. (1968). Saving and uncertainty: The precautionary demand for saving uncertainty in economics (PDF) Saving and Uncertainty: The Precautionary Demand for Saving

Malgarini, M., & Margani, P. (2007). Psychology, consumer sentiment and household expenditures. Applied Economics, 39(13), 1719–1729.

Modigliani, F. (1963). The life cycle hypothesis of saving: Aggregate implications and tests. American Economic Review, 53(1), 55–84.

Nikbin, B., & Panahi, S. (2016). Estimation of private consumption function of Iran: Autoregressive distributed lag approach to co-integration. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 6(2), 653–659.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (n.d.) Final consumption expenditure. Retrieved from Final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) | Data

Ricardo, D. (1997). Ekonomi politiğin ve vergilendirmenin ilkeleri. İstanbul: Belge Yayıncılık.

Taylor, K., & McNabb, R. (2007). Business cycles and the role of confidence: Evidence for Europe. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 69(2), 185–208.

Tenaw, D. (2020). Is carbon decoupling likely to happen in Africa? Evidence from production and consumption-based carbon emissions (PDF) Is Carbon Decoupling Likely to Happen in Africa: Evidence From Production and Consumption-based Carbon Emissions

World Economic Forum (WEF). (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on the future of advanced manufacturing and production: Insights from the World Economic Forum’s Global Network of Advanced Manufacturing Hubs. Retrieved May 11, 2023, from https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_AMHUB_Insight_Paper_2020.pdf

Wilcox, J. A. (2007). Forecasting components of consumption with components of consumer sentiment. Business Economics, 42(4), 22–32

Acemoglu, D., & Scott, A. (1994). Consumer confidence and rational expectations: Are agents’ beliefs consistent with the theory? The Economic Journal, 104(422), 1-19.

Batchelor, R., & Dua, P. (1998). Improving macro-economic forecasts: The role of consumer confidence. International Journal of Forecasting, 14(1), 71–81.

Boston College. (2021). Department of Economics, Statistical Software Components. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from http://fmwww.bc.edu/RePEc/bocode/x/xtmg.html

Carroll, C. D., Fuhrer, J. C., & Wilcox, D. W. (1994). Does consumer sentiment forecast household spending? If so, why? American Economic Review, 84(5), 1397–1408.

Cengiz, M. F., & Şen, O. (2021). Ülke imajı bağlamında Türkiye’de Amerika Birleşik Devletleri imajı üzerine bir analiz. İletişim ve Diplomasi, 6, 3–27.

Duman, E. (2022). İktisadi büyüme ve tüketim harcamaları arasındaki ilişki: Türkiye ve Doğu Avrupa örneği. Manas Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11(3), 1077–1086.

Eberhardt, M. (2012). Estimating panel time-series models with heterogeneous slopes. The Stata Journal, 12, 61–71.

Eberhardt, M., & Bond, S. (2009). Cross-section dependence in nonstationary panel models: A novel estimator. (PDF) Cross-Section Dependence in Nonstationary Panel Models: A Novel Estimator.

Eberhardt, M., & Teal, F. (2010). Productivity analysis in global manufacturing production (Discussion Paper No. 515). Department of Economics, University of Oxford.

Felderer, B., & Homburg, S. (2017). Makro iktisat ve yeni makro iktisat (Trans. Ed.). Ankara: Efil Yayınevi.

Fischer, S., & Gelb, A. (1991). The process of socialist economic transformation. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5(4), 95–105.

Flodén, M. (2006). Saving labour supply and under uncertainty. The Economic Journal, SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance, 597, 1–20.

Fotis, P., & Polemis, M. (2018). The impact of market deregulation on 8milk price: A dynamic panel data approach. MPRA Paper, No. 86542.

Friedman, M. (1957). A theory of the consumption function. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Garner, C. A. (1991). Forecasting consumer spending: Should economists pay attention to consumer confidence surveys? Economic Review, 76(3), 57–71.

Howrey, E. P. (2001). The predictive power of the index of consumer sentiment. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2001(1), 175–207.

International Monetary Fund (IMF). (n.d.). Euro area datasets. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/profile/EURO

Irwin, R. D. (1963). Readings in the theory of income distribution American Economic Association.

Jappelli, T., & Pagano, M. (1989). Consumption and capital market imperfections: An international comparison. The American Economic Review, 79(5), 1088–1105.

Keynes, J. M. (1936). The general theory of employment, interest and money. İstanbul: Kalkedon Yayıncılık.

Lamdin, D. (2008). Does consumer sentiment foretell revolving credit use? Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 29(2), 279–288.

Le, H. P. (2020). The energy-growth nexus revisited: The role of financial development, institutions, government expenditure and trade openness. Heliyon, 6(7), e04369.

Lee, J., & Strazicich, M. C. (2003). Minimum Lagrange multiplier unit root test with two structural breaks. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 85(4), 1082–1089.

Leland, H. (1968). Saving and uncertainty: The precautionary demand for saving uncertainty in economics (PDF) Saving and Uncertainty: The Precautionary Demand for Saving

Malgarini, M., & Margani, P. (2007). Psychology, consumer sentiment and household expenditures. Applied Economics, 39(13), 1719–1729.

Modigliani, F. (1963). The life cycle hypothesis of saving: Aggregate implications and tests. American Economic Review, 53(1), 55–84.

Nikbin, B., & Panahi, S. (2016). Estimation of private consumption function of Iran: Autoregressive distributed lag approach to co-integration. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 6(2), 653–659.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (n.d.) Final consumption expenditure. Retrieved from Final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) | Data

Ricardo, D. (1997). Ekonomi politiğin ve vergilendirmenin ilkeleri. İstanbul: Belge Yayıncılık.

Taylor, K., & McNabb, R. (2007). Business cycles and the role of confidence: Evidence for Europe. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 69(2), 185–208.

Tenaw, D. (2020). Is carbon decoupling likely to happen in Africa? Evidence from production and consumption-based carbon emissions (PDF) Is Carbon Decoupling Likely to Happen in Africa: Evidence From Production and Consumption-based Carbon Emissions

World Economic Forum (WEF). (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on the future of advanced manufacturing and production: Insights from the World Economic Forum’s Global Network of Advanced Manufacturing Hubs. Retrieved May 11, 2023, from https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_AMHUB_Insight_Paper_2020.pdf

Wilcox, J. A. (2007). Forecasting components of consumption with components of consumer sentiment. Business Economics, 42(4), 22–32