Üriner İnkontinansa Güncel Yaklaşımlar

Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U, et al. The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn. 2002;21(2):167–178.

Haylen BT, de Ridder D, Freeman RM, Swift SE, Berghmans B, Lee J, et al. An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic floor dysfunction. Neurourol Urodyn. 2010;29(1):4–20.

Abrams P, Andersson KE, Apostolidis A, Birder L, Bliss D, Brubaker L, et al. 6th International Consultation on Incontinence recommendations on the terminology of lower urinary tract function. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018;37(7):1162–1200.

Dmochowski RR, Newman DK. Impact of female urinary incontinence on quality of life. Urology. 2007;69(1 Suppl):20–25.

DeLancey JO. Structural support of the urethra as it relates to stress urinary incontinence.

Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994;170(6):1713–1720.

Nygaard I, Barber MD, Burgio KL, Kenton K, Meikle S, Schaffer J, et al.Prevalence of symptomatic pelvic floor disorders in US women.JAMA. 2008;300(11):1311–1316.

Robinson D, Cardozo L.The role of estrogens in female lower urinary tract dysfunction.

Urology. 2003;62(4 Suppl 1):45–51.

Milsom I, Kaplan S, Coyne KS, Sexton CC, Kopp ZS.Effect of bothersome overactive bladder symptoms on health-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, and treatment seeking in the United States.Eur Urol. 2012;61(4):822–830.

Resnick NM, Yalla SV.Management of urinary incontinence in the elderly.N Engl J Med. 1985;313(13):800–805.

Milsom I, Altman D, Lapitan MC, Nelson R, Sillén U, Thom D.Epidemiology of urinary (UI) and faecal (FI) incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse (POP).In: Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury S, Wein A, editors. Incontinence. 5th ed. Paris: Health Publication Ltd; 2013. p. 15–107.

Gyhagen M, Bullarbo M, Nielsen TF, Milsom I.Prevalence and risk factors for pelvic floor disorders in women 20 years after childbirth.BJOG. 2013;120(2):152–160.

MacArthur C, Glazener C, Lancashire R, Herbison P, Wilson D.Faecal incontinence and mode of first and subsequent delivery: a six-year longitudinal study.BJOG. 2005;112(8):1075–1082.

Robinson D, Cardozo L.The role of estrogens in female lower urinary tract dysfunction. Urology. 2003;62(4 Suppl 1):45–51.

Cody JD, Jacobs ML, Richardson K, Bryant CT, Wilson D.Oestrogen therapy for urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(10):CD001405.

Subak LL, Wing R, West DS, Franklin F, Vittinghoff E, Creasman JM, et al.Weight loss to treat urinary incontinence in overweight and obese women.N Engl J Med. 2009;360(5):481–490.

Hilton P.Vesico-vaginal fistulas in developing countries.Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003;82(3):285–295.

Osman NI, Chapple CR, Abrams P, Dmochowski R, Haab F, Nitti V.Detrusor underactivity and the underactive bladder.Eur Urol. 2014;65(2):389–398.

18.Wagg A, Gibson W, Ostaszkiewicz J, et al.Urinary incontinence in frail older persons.

Neurourol Urodyn. 2015;34(5):398–406.

Norton PA, Brubaker L.Urinary incontinence in women.Lancet. 2006;367(9504):57–67.

Falah-Hassani K, Reeves J, Shiri R, McLean L.The pathophysiology of stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review.Int Urogynecol J. 2021;32(3):501–516.

21.Wang X, Li Y, Zhang L, et al.Advances in the molecular pathogenesis and cell therapy of stress urinary incontinence.Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023;11:1090386.

22.Chen Y, Xu Y, Zhang J, et al.Stem cell-based regeneration therapy for stress urinary incontinence: mechanisms and future perspectives.Biomedicines. 2025;13(5):1229.

Kwon J, Kim JH, Lee JW, et al.Pathophysiology of overactive bladder: from basic research to clinical implications.Int Neurourol J. 2024;28(1):3–15.

Chapple CR, Siddiqui E, Marschall-Kehrel D, et al.The role of β3-adrenoceptor agonists in the treatment of overactive bladder.Eur Urol. 2014;65(4):702–716.

Gormley EA, Lightner DJ, Burgio KL, et al.

Diagnosis and treatment of overactive bladder (non-neurogenic) in adults: AUA/SUFU guideline.

J Urol. 2015;193(5):1572–1580.

Nambiar AK, Bosch R, Cruz F, et al.EAU guidelines on assessment and nonsurgical management of urinary incontinence.Eur Urol. 2018;73(4):596–609.

Chapple CR, Osman NI, Birder L, et al.The underactive bladder: a new clinical concept?

Eur Urol. 2015;68(3):351–353.

DuBeau CE, Kuchel GA, Johnson T 2nd, Palmer MH, Wagg A.Incontinence in the frail elderly: report from the 4th International Consultation on Incontinence.

Neurourol Urodyn. 2010;29(1):165–178.

Wall LL.Obstetric vesicovaginal fistula as an international public-health problem.

Lancet. 2006;368(9542):1201–1209.

Goh JT.A new classification for female genital tract fistula.Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;44(6):502–504.

Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U, et al. The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn. 2002;21(2):167–178.

Haylen BT, de Ridder D, Freeman RM, Swift SE, Berghmans B, Lee J, et al. An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic floor dysfunction. Neurourol Urodyn. 2010;29(1):4–20.

Abrams P, Andersson KE, Apostolidis A, Birder L, Bliss D, Brubaker L, et al. 6th International Consultation on Incontinence recommendations on the terminology of lower urinary tract function. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018;37(7):1162–1200.

Dmochowski RR, Newman DK. Impact of female urinary incontinence on quality of life. Urology. 2007;69(1 Suppl):20–25.

DeLancey JO. Structural support of the urethra as it relates to stress urinary incontinence.

Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994;170(6):1713–1720.

Nygaard I, Barber MD, Burgio KL, Kenton K, Meikle S, Schaffer J, et al.Prevalence of symptomatic pelvic floor disorders in US women.JAMA. 2008;300(11):1311–1316.

Robinson D, Cardozo L.The role of estrogens in female lower urinary tract dysfunction.

Urology. 2003;62(4 Suppl 1):45–51.

Milsom I, Kaplan S, Coyne KS, Sexton CC, Kopp ZS.Effect of bothersome overactive bladder symptoms on health-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, and treatment seeking in the United States.Eur Urol. 2012;61(4):822–830.

Resnick NM, Yalla SV.Management of urinary incontinence in the elderly.N Engl J Med. 1985;313(13):800–805.

Milsom I, Altman D, Lapitan MC, Nelson R, Sillén U, Thom D.Epidemiology of urinary (UI) and faecal (FI) incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse (POP).In: Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury S, Wein A, editors. Incontinence. 5th ed. Paris: Health Publication Ltd; 2013. p. 15–107.

Gyhagen M, Bullarbo M, Nielsen TF, Milsom I.Prevalence and risk factors for pelvic floor disorders in women 20 years after childbirth.BJOG. 2013;120(2):152–160.

MacArthur C, Glazener C, Lancashire R, Herbison P, Wilson D.Faecal incontinence and mode of first and subsequent delivery: a six-year longitudinal study.BJOG. 2005;112(8):1075–1082.

Robinson D, Cardozo L.The role of estrogens in female lower urinary tract dysfunction. Urology. 2003;62(4 Suppl 1):45–51.

Cody JD, Jacobs ML, Richardson K, Bryant CT, Wilson D.Oestrogen therapy for urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(10):CD001405.

Subak LL, Wing R, West DS, Franklin F, Vittinghoff E, Creasman JM, et al.Weight loss to treat urinary incontinence in overweight and obese women.N Engl J Med. 2009;360(5):481–490.

Hilton P.Vesico-vaginal fistulas in developing countries.Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003;82(3):285–295.

Osman NI, Chapple CR, Abrams P, Dmochowski R, Haab F, Nitti V.Detrusor underactivity and the underactive bladder.Eur Urol. 2014;65(2):389–398.

18.Wagg A, Gibson W, Ostaszkiewicz J, et al.Urinary incontinence in frail older persons.

Neurourol Urodyn. 2015;34(5):398–406.

Norton PA, Brubaker L.Urinary incontinence in women.Lancet. 2006;367(9504):57–67.

Falah-Hassani K, Reeves J, Shiri R, McLean L.The pathophysiology of stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review.Int Urogynecol J. 2021;32(3):501–516.

21.Wang X, Li Y, Zhang L, et al.Advances in the molecular pathogenesis and cell therapy of stress urinary incontinence.Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023;11:1090386.

22.Chen Y, Xu Y, Zhang J, et al.Stem cell-based regeneration therapy for stress urinary incontinence: mechanisms and future perspectives.Biomedicines. 2025;13(5):1229.

Kwon J, Kim JH, Lee JW, et al.Pathophysiology of overactive bladder: from basic research to clinical implications.Int Neurourol J. 2024;28(1):3–15.

Chapple CR, Siddiqui E, Marschall-Kehrel D, et al.The role of β3-adrenoceptor agonists in the treatment of overactive bladder.Eur Urol. 2014;65(4):702–716.

Gormley EA, Lightner DJ, Burgio KL, et al.

Diagnosis and treatment of overactive bladder (non-neurogenic) in adults: AUA/SUFU guideline.

J Urol. 2015;193(5):1572–1580.

Nambiar AK, Bosch R, Cruz F, et al.EAU guidelines on assessment and nonsurgical management of urinary incontinence.Eur Urol. 2018;73(4):596–609.

Chapple CR, Osman NI, Birder L, et al.The underactive bladder: a new clinical concept?

Eur Urol. 2015;68(3):351–353.

DuBeau CE, Kuchel GA, Johnson T 2nd, Palmer MH, Wagg A.Incontinence in the frail elderly: report from the 4th International Consultation on Incontinence.

Neurourol Urodyn. 2010;29(1):165–178.

Wall LL.Obstetric vesicovaginal fistula as an international public-health problem.

Lancet. 2006;368(9542):1201–1209.

Goh JT.A new classification for female genital tract fistula.Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;44(6):502–504.