Reikinin Cerrahi Bakımda Kullanımı
Özet
Enerji terapi yöntemlerinden biri olan Reiki’nin kelime anlamı evrensel yaşam enerjisidir. Enerji kanallarında meydana gelen tıkanıklık, enerji akışını bozarak vücutta fizyolojik ve psikolojik değişikliklere yol açar. Reiki eğitimi almış uygulayıcı, fiziksel olarak bireyin yanında bulunarak ya da uzaktan reiki enerjisi göndererek enerji akışını yeniden düzenlemeye çalışır. Reiki sağlığın korunması ve geliştirilmesinde, hastalıkların tedavisi ve önlenmesinde, yaşam kalitesinin artırılmasında kullanılmaktadır. Yan etkisi olmayan, uygulaması kolay, etkili ve güvenilir bir tedavi yöntemidir. Literatürde Reiki'nin cerrahi girişim sonrası ağrı, yaşamsal bulgular, anksiyete ve konfor düzeyi üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyen çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmalarda Reiki'nin ağrı ve anksiyeteyi azaltmada, konforu ve yaşamsal bulguları artırmada olumlu etkileri olduğu bildirilmektedir. Kanıt düzeyi yüksek olan bu çalışmaların sayısı sınırlı olduğundan, daha geniş örneklemli ve kanıt düzeyi yüksek çalışmaların planlanması gerekmektedir.
Reiki is one of the energy therapy methods and literally means universal life energy. Blockage in the energy channels disrupts the flow of energy and causes both physiological and psychological changes in the body. Reiki trained practitioner tries to reorganize the energy flow by being physically present with the individual or by sending reiki energy remotely. Reiki is used in the protection and promotion of health, treatment and prevention of diseases, and improvement of quality of life. It is an effective and reliable treatment method that has no side effects and is easy to apply. There are studies in the literature examining the effects of Reiki on post-surgical pain, vital signs, anxiety and comfort levels. Since the number of these studies with high level of evidence is limited, studies with larger samples and high level of evidence should be planned.
Referanslar
Pocotte S, Salvador D. Reiki as a rehabilitative nursing intervention for pain management: A case study. Rehabil Nurs. 2008; 33:231-2. doi:10.1002/j.2048-7940.2008.tb00233.x
Gallob R. Reiki: A supportive therapy in nursing practice and self-care for nurses. The Journal of The New York State Nurses' Association. 2003; 34(1):9-13.
Anderson DM, Loth AR, Stuart-Mullen LG, et al. Building a reiki and healing touch volunteer program at an academic medical center. Adv Integr Med. 2017;4(2):74-79. doi:10.1016/j.aimed.2017.09.001
Ferraz, GAR, Rodrigues MRK, Lima SAM, et al. Is reiki or prayer effective in relieving pain during hospitalization for cesarean? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sao Paulo Medical Journal. 2017;135:123-132. doi:10.1590/1516-3180.2016.0267031116
Billot M, Daycard M, Wood C, et al. Reiki therapy for pain, anxiety and quality of life. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. 2019;3(1):152-160. doi:10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001775
Bossi LM, Jane Ott M, De Cristofaro S. Reiki as a clinical intervention in oncology nursing practice. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2008;12(3),489–494. doi:10.1188/08.CJON.489-494
Moqui B, Blackman MR, Mitty E, et al. Complementary and alternative medicine. Geriatric Nursing. 2009; 30(3):196–203. doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2009.03.002
Mackay N, Hansen S, McFarlane O. Autonomic nervous system changes during Reiki treatment: A preliminary study. Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine. 2004;10(6):1077-1081. doi:10.1089/acm.2004.10.1077
Morero JAP, De Souza Pereira S, et al. Effects of reiki on mental health care: a systematic review. Holistic Nursing Practice. 2021;35(4):191-198. doi:10.1097/HNP.0000000000000456
Özcan YU, Atik D, Karatepe H, et al. A reiki and diabetes. Acta Medica Alanya. 2017;1(2):49-53. doi: 10.30565/medalanya.309468
Sağkal T, Eşer, İ, Uyar M. The effect of reiki touch therapy on pain and anxiety. Spatula DD. 2013;3(4):141-146.
Vitale A. An integrative review of reiki touch therapy research. Holist Nurs Pract. 2007;21:167-79. doi:10.1097/01.HNP.0000280927.83506.f6
Williams AM. Facilitating comfort for hospitalized patients using non-pharmacological measures: Preliminary development of clinical practice guidelines. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2009;15:145-155. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-172X.2009.01739.x
Lindquist R, Snyder M, Tracy MF. Complementary and alternative therapies in nursing. 7th ed. Newyork: Springer Publishing Company;2014. p.419- 441.
Conner K, Gowri A. Reiki for hospice patients and their caregivers: An in-depth qualitative study of experiences and effects on symptoms. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2017;420-421. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.12.230
Schnepper L. Energy therapies. Oncology Nurse Edition. 2010;24:40-43.
Tsang K, Carison L, Olson K. Pilot crossover trial of reiki versus rest for treating cancer-related fatigue. Integrat Cancer Ther. 2007;6:25-35. doi:10.1177/1534735406298986
Wardell DW, Engebretson J. Biological correlates of reiki touch (Sm) healing. J Adv Nurs. 2001;33(4):439-445. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01691.x
Kaya Ş, Karakuş Z, Boz İ, et al. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de tamamlayıcı terapilere ilişkin yasal düzenlemelerde hemşirelerin yeri. JAREN. 2020; 6(3);584-591. doi:10.5222/jaren.2020.58561
Walters C, Konstanzer H, Rodriguez J. Reiki: Hand in hand with nursing, American Nurse Journal. 2019;14(11)
Bayülgen MY, Yeşil FH. Cerrahi sonrası ağrının yönetiminde reiki uygulaması. KAEÜ Sağl. Bil. Derg. 2021;1(1):67-72.
Burkev FG. Bütüncül yaklaşımla reiki ve hemşirelik: Bir literatür derlemesi. YBH Dergisi. 2024;4(1):231-249. doi:10.29228/llnursing.71497.
Stein D. Bir şifa sanatı kılavuzu reiki esasları. (Suat Ertüzün, Çev. Ed.). İstanbul: Arıtan Yayınları; 2002.
Gupta MK. Reiki ve sağlığımız. (Bilim Teknik Çeviri Grubu, Çev. Ed.). İstanbul: Bilim Teknik Yayınevi; 2009.
Baginski BJ, Sharamon S. Chakra el kitabı. İstanbul: Arıtan Yayınevi; 2003.
Simonsohn B. Reiki. München: Ansata Verlag; 2007.
Erdoğan Z. Çınar S. Reiki: Eski bir iyileştirme sanatı modern hemşirelik uygulaması. Kafkas J Med Sci. 2011;1(2):86–91. doi: 10.5505/kjms.2011.70288
Başbinar AD, Şimşek Y. A new model for chromotherapy application. Color Research and Application. 2011;37(2):154-156. doi:10.1002/col.20658
Webster AC, Nagler EV, Morton RL, et al. Chronic kidney disease. Lancet. 2017;389:1238-1252. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32064-5
Demir M, Can G. Reiki. Sağlıkla Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2013;2:56-57.
Brathovde A. Reiki for self-care of nurses and healthcare providers. Holist Nurs Pract. 2006;20(2):95–101.
Toms R. Reiki therapy a nursing intervention for critical care. Crit Care Nurs Q. 2011;34(3):213–217. doi: 10.1097/CNQ.0b013e31821c684d
Whelan K. Wishnia G. Reiki therapy: The benefits to a nurse/ reiki practitioner. Holist Nurs Pract. 2003;17:209-217.
Karahan Y. Usui Reiki ışığı. İstanbul: Kozmik Kitaplar; 2005.
Simons D. Teaching nurses reiki energy therapy for self-care. International Journal of Human Caring. 2017;21(1):20-25. doi:10.20467/1091-5710.21.1.20
Musal N. Birinci derece için uygulamalı reiki el kitabı. İstanbul: Akis Yayıncılık; 2008.
Vitale AT, O'Connor PC. The effect of reiki on pain and anxiety in women with abdominal hysterectomies: A quasi-experimental pilot study. Holistic Nursing Practice. 2006;20(6):263-272.
Vandervaart S, Berger H, Tam C. The effect of distant reiki on pain in women after elective caesarean section: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2011;1(1):1-9. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2010-000021
Midilli TS, Eser I. Effects of reiki on post-cesarean delivery pain, anxiety, and hemodynamic parameters: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Pain Manag Nurs. 2015;16(3):388–399. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2014.09.005
Midilli TS, Gündüzoğlu NC. Effects of Reiki on pain and vital signs when applied to the incision area of the body after cesarean section surgery: A single-blinded, randomized, double-controlled study. Holistic Nursing Practice. 2016;30(6):368–378. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000172
Notte BB, Fazzini C, Mooney RA. Reiki's effect on patients with total knee arthroplasty: A pilot study. Nursing. 2016;46(2):17-23. doi: 10.1097/01.NURSE.0000476246.16717.65
Baldwin AL, Vitale A, Brownell, E, et al. Effects of reiki on pain, anxiety, and blood pressure in patients undergoing knee replacement: A pilot study. Holistic Nursing Practice. 2017;31(2):80-89. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000195
Topdemir EA, Saritas S. The effect of acupressure and reiki application on patients' pain and comfort level after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2021;43:101385. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101385
Topdemir EA, Saritas S. The effect of preoperative reiki application on patient anxiety levels. Explore. 2021;17(1):50-54. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2020.01.003
Utli H, Yağmur Y. The effects of reiki and back massage on women's pain and vital signs post-abdominal hysterectomy: A randomized controlled trial. Explore (New York, N.Y.). 2022;18(4):467–474. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2021.07.004
Şişman H, Arslan, S. The effect of reiki on anxiety, fear, pain, and oxygen saturation in abdominal surgery patients: A randomized controlled trial. Explore (New York, N.Y.). 2023;19(4):578–586. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2022.11.005.
Referanslar
Pocotte S, Salvador D. Reiki as a rehabilitative nursing intervention for pain management: A case study. Rehabil Nurs. 2008; 33:231-2. doi:10.1002/j.2048-7940.2008.tb00233.x
Gallob R. Reiki: A supportive therapy in nursing practice and self-care for nurses. The Journal of The New York State Nurses' Association. 2003; 34(1):9-13.
Anderson DM, Loth AR, Stuart-Mullen LG, et al. Building a reiki and healing touch volunteer program at an academic medical center. Adv Integr Med. 2017;4(2):74-79. doi:10.1016/j.aimed.2017.09.001
Ferraz, GAR, Rodrigues MRK, Lima SAM, et al. Is reiki or prayer effective in relieving pain during hospitalization for cesarean? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sao Paulo Medical Journal. 2017;135:123-132. doi:10.1590/1516-3180.2016.0267031116
Billot M, Daycard M, Wood C, et al. Reiki therapy for pain, anxiety and quality of life. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. 2019;3(1):152-160. doi:10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001775
Bossi LM, Jane Ott M, De Cristofaro S. Reiki as a clinical intervention in oncology nursing practice. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2008;12(3),489–494. doi:10.1188/08.CJON.489-494
Moqui B, Blackman MR, Mitty E, et al. Complementary and alternative medicine. Geriatric Nursing. 2009; 30(3):196–203. doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2009.03.002
Mackay N, Hansen S, McFarlane O. Autonomic nervous system changes during Reiki treatment: A preliminary study. Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine. 2004;10(6):1077-1081. doi:10.1089/acm.2004.10.1077
Morero JAP, De Souza Pereira S, et al. Effects of reiki on mental health care: a systematic review. Holistic Nursing Practice. 2021;35(4):191-198. doi:10.1097/HNP.0000000000000456
Özcan YU, Atik D, Karatepe H, et al. A reiki and diabetes. Acta Medica Alanya. 2017;1(2):49-53. doi: 10.30565/medalanya.309468
Sağkal T, Eşer, İ, Uyar M. The effect of reiki touch therapy on pain and anxiety. Spatula DD. 2013;3(4):141-146.
Vitale A. An integrative review of reiki touch therapy research. Holist Nurs Pract. 2007;21:167-79. doi:10.1097/01.HNP.0000280927.83506.f6
Williams AM. Facilitating comfort for hospitalized patients using non-pharmacological measures: Preliminary development of clinical practice guidelines. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2009;15:145-155. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-172X.2009.01739.x
Lindquist R, Snyder M, Tracy MF. Complementary and alternative therapies in nursing. 7th ed. Newyork: Springer Publishing Company;2014. p.419- 441.
Conner K, Gowri A. Reiki for hospice patients and their caregivers: An in-depth qualitative study of experiences and effects on symptoms. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2017;420-421. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.12.230
Schnepper L. Energy therapies. Oncology Nurse Edition. 2010;24:40-43.
Tsang K, Carison L, Olson K. Pilot crossover trial of reiki versus rest for treating cancer-related fatigue. Integrat Cancer Ther. 2007;6:25-35. doi:10.1177/1534735406298986
Wardell DW, Engebretson J. Biological correlates of reiki touch (Sm) healing. J Adv Nurs. 2001;33(4):439-445. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01691.x
Kaya Ş, Karakuş Z, Boz İ, et al. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de tamamlayıcı terapilere ilişkin yasal düzenlemelerde hemşirelerin yeri. JAREN. 2020; 6(3);584-591. doi:10.5222/jaren.2020.58561
Walters C, Konstanzer H, Rodriguez J. Reiki: Hand in hand with nursing, American Nurse Journal. 2019;14(11)
Bayülgen MY, Yeşil FH. Cerrahi sonrası ağrının yönetiminde reiki uygulaması. KAEÜ Sağl. Bil. Derg. 2021;1(1):67-72.
Burkev FG. Bütüncül yaklaşımla reiki ve hemşirelik: Bir literatür derlemesi. YBH Dergisi. 2024;4(1):231-249. doi:10.29228/llnursing.71497.
Stein D. Bir şifa sanatı kılavuzu reiki esasları. (Suat Ertüzün, Çev. Ed.). İstanbul: Arıtan Yayınları; 2002.
Gupta MK. Reiki ve sağlığımız. (Bilim Teknik Çeviri Grubu, Çev. Ed.). İstanbul: Bilim Teknik Yayınevi; 2009.
Baginski BJ, Sharamon S. Chakra el kitabı. İstanbul: Arıtan Yayınevi; 2003.
Simonsohn B. Reiki. München: Ansata Verlag; 2007.
Erdoğan Z. Çınar S. Reiki: Eski bir iyileştirme sanatı modern hemşirelik uygulaması. Kafkas J Med Sci. 2011;1(2):86–91. doi: 10.5505/kjms.2011.70288
Başbinar AD, Şimşek Y. A new model for chromotherapy application. Color Research and Application. 2011;37(2):154-156. doi:10.1002/col.20658
Webster AC, Nagler EV, Morton RL, et al. Chronic kidney disease. Lancet. 2017;389:1238-1252. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32064-5
Demir M, Can G. Reiki. Sağlıkla Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2013;2:56-57.
Brathovde A. Reiki for self-care of nurses and healthcare providers. Holist Nurs Pract. 2006;20(2):95–101.
Toms R. Reiki therapy a nursing intervention for critical care. Crit Care Nurs Q. 2011;34(3):213–217. doi: 10.1097/CNQ.0b013e31821c684d
Whelan K. Wishnia G. Reiki therapy: The benefits to a nurse/ reiki practitioner. Holist Nurs Pract. 2003;17:209-217.
Karahan Y. Usui Reiki ışığı. İstanbul: Kozmik Kitaplar; 2005.
Simons D. Teaching nurses reiki energy therapy for self-care. International Journal of Human Caring. 2017;21(1):20-25. doi:10.20467/1091-5710.21.1.20
Musal N. Birinci derece için uygulamalı reiki el kitabı. İstanbul: Akis Yayıncılık; 2008.
Vitale AT, O'Connor PC. The effect of reiki on pain and anxiety in women with abdominal hysterectomies: A quasi-experimental pilot study. Holistic Nursing Practice. 2006;20(6):263-272.
Vandervaart S, Berger H, Tam C. The effect of distant reiki on pain in women after elective caesarean section: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2011;1(1):1-9. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2010-000021
Midilli TS, Eser I. Effects of reiki on post-cesarean delivery pain, anxiety, and hemodynamic parameters: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Pain Manag Nurs. 2015;16(3):388–399. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2014.09.005
Midilli TS, Gündüzoğlu NC. Effects of Reiki on pain and vital signs when applied to the incision area of the body after cesarean section surgery: A single-blinded, randomized, double-controlled study. Holistic Nursing Practice. 2016;30(6):368–378. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000172
Notte BB, Fazzini C, Mooney RA. Reiki's effect on patients with total knee arthroplasty: A pilot study. Nursing. 2016;46(2):17-23. doi: 10.1097/01.NURSE.0000476246.16717.65
Baldwin AL, Vitale A, Brownell, E, et al. Effects of reiki on pain, anxiety, and blood pressure in patients undergoing knee replacement: A pilot study. Holistic Nursing Practice. 2017;31(2):80-89. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000195
Topdemir EA, Saritas S. The effect of acupressure and reiki application on patients' pain and comfort level after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2021;43:101385. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101385
Topdemir EA, Saritas S. The effect of preoperative reiki application on patient anxiety levels. Explore. 2021;17(1):50-54. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2020.01.003
Utli H, Yağmur Y. The effects of reiki and back massage on women's pain and vital signs post-abdominal hysterectomy: A randomized controlled trial. Explore (New York, N.Y.). 2022;18(4):467–474. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2021.07.004
Şişman H, Arslan, S. The effect of reiki on anxiety, fear, pain, and oxygen saturation in abdominal surgery patients: A randomized controlled trial. Explore (New York, N.Y.). 2023;19(4):578–586. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2022.11.005.
