Akupresürün Cerrahi Bakımda Kullanımı
Özet
Günümüzde cerrahi bakım gerektiren hastalarda ağrı, bulantı-kusma, kaygı ve gastrointestinal işlev bozuklukları gibi komplikasyonların yönetiminde, geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp uygulamalarının kullanımı giderek artmıştır. Bu uygulamalardan biri olan akupresür, Geleneksel Çin Tıbbı’na dayanan, vücutta bulunan belirli meridyen noktaları üzerine parmak, el veya avuç içi ile basınç uygulanmasını gerektiren ve girişimsel olmayan bir uygulamadır. Cerrahi hemşireliği açısından akupresürün önemi; cerrahi hastasının bakımında bir hemşirelik girişimi olarak uygulanması, özellikle düşük yan etkili ve kolay uygulanabilir özelliklerine bağlı şekilde memnuniyet ve uyum ile ilgili olumlu hasta sonuçlarının elde edilmesidir. Bu yönüyle akupresür, cerrahi hastasının bakımında bağımsız bir hemşirelik girişimi olarak değerlendirilebilen, uygulanabilirliği yüksek ve hasta konforunu destekleyen geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı bir tıp uygulamasıdır. Bu bölümde akupresürün kuramsal temeli doğrultusunda, başlıca akupresür noktaları ve uygulama tekniği özetlenmekte, cerrahi bakım sürecindeki kullanım alanları güncel kanıtlar ışığında irdelenmektedir.
In recent years, the use of traditional and complementary medicine practices has increased in the management of complications such as pain, nausea-vomiting, anxiety, and gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients requiring surgical care. One such practice, acupressure, is a non-invasive technique based on Traditional Chinese Medicine that involves applying pressure to specific meridian points on the body using the fingers, hands, or palms. The importance of acupressure in surgical nursing lies in its application as a nursing intervention in the care of surgical patients, particularly in achieving positive patient outcomes related to satisfaction and compliance due to its low side effects and ease of application. In this respect, acupressure is a traditional and complementary medical practice that can be considered an independent nursing intervention in the care of surgical patients, with high applicability and supporting patient comfort. In this section, the theoretical basis of acupressure is outlined, the main acupressure points and application techniques are summarized, and its areas of application in the surgical care process are examined in light of current evidence.
Referanslar
Kaptchuk TJ. Acupuncture: theory, efficacy, and practice. of Chinese medicine. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136(5):374–383. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-136-5-200203050-00010
Matos LC, Machado JP, Monteiro FJ, et al. Understanding Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapeutics: An Overview of the Basics and Clinical Applications. Healthcare (Basel). 2021;9(3):257. Published 2021 Mar 1. doi:10.3390/healthcare9030257
Ko RKM, Leung HY. The essential role of Zheng Qi in promoting health: From the perspective of Chinese medicine and modern medicine. Chinese Medicine. 2024;15(2):27–33. doi:10.4236/cm.2024.152003
Ekmekci PE. 3.000 yıl öncesinden günümüze geleneksel Çin tıbbı; tarihi, bugünü ve geleceği. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine. 2018;1(3):132–140. doi:10.5336/jtracom.2018-63049
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Huang Di Nei Jing (Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon). Available from: https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/huang-di-nei-jing-huangdineijing-yellow-emperors-inner-canon [Accessed: 16.11.2025].
Vikipedi. Yin ile Yang. Available from: https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yin_ile_yang [Accessed: 16.11.2025].
Brinkhaus B, Ortiz M, Dietzel J, et al. Acupuncture for pain and allergic rhinitis-from clinical experience to evidence. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2020;63(5):561-569. doi:10.1007/s00103-020-03127-6
Sarıtaş S, Kapıkıran G. Ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası dönemde akupunktur/akupresür uygulamaları. Türkiye Klinikleri Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp – Özel Konular. 2022;3(2):80–84.
Weiss-Farnan P. Acupressure. In: Lindquist R, Tracy MF, Snyder M (eds.) Complementary and alternative therapies in nursing. 7th ed. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2014. p. 431–445.
Irmak B, Bulut H. Abdominal cerrahi sonrasında bağırsak fonksiyonlarını artırmada farmakolojik olmayan yöntemlerin kullanımı: Kanıtlar ne diyor? İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;14:336–350. doi:10.38079/igusabder.957817
Andrews S, Dempsey B. Acupressure and reflexology essentials. In: Acupressure & reflexology for dummies. Indianapolis: Wiley Publishing Inc.; 2007. p. 10–65.
Chen YW, Wang HH. The effectiveness of acupressure on relieving pain: A systematic review. Pain Management Nursing. 2014;15(2):539–550. doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2012.12.005
Butcher HK, Bulechek GM, Dochterman JMM, et al. Nursing interventions classification (NIC). 6th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2013. p. 74.
Abbasoğlu A, Cabıoğlu MT, Tuğcu AU, et al. Acupressure at BL60 and K3 points before heel lancing in preterm infants. Explore. 2015;11(5):363–366. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2015.07.005
Koç Özkan T, Balcı S. Çocuklarda ağrı kontrolünde akupresür kullanımı. Gümüşhane Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2018;7(1):234–239.
Abbasi P, Mojalli M, Kianmehr M, et al. Effect of acupressure on constipation in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine. 2019;9(1):84–91.
Cabıoğlu MT. Akupunktur ile ağrı kontrolü ve nörotransmitterler. Genel Tıp Dergisi. 2008;18(2):93–98.
Çanakçı E. Obezite tedavisinde akupunkturun yeri. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği. 2017;9(4):23–30.
World Health Organization. WHO standard acupuncture point locations in the Western Pacific Region. Geneva: WHO Press; 2008. p. 1–259.
Karaman A, Altun Uğraş G. Akupresür. Özbaş A, Güneş A (eds.) Ağrı Yönetiminde İlaç Dışı Uygulamalar içinde İstanbul: İstanbul Tıp Kitabevleri; 2022. p. 290–301.
Chao WC, Wang EMY. Using the finger cun of acupuncture-point location as benchmark to estimate body dimensions. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers. 2010;27(2):121–131. doi:10.1080/10170660903528994
Coyle M, Aird M, Cobbin D, et al. The cun measurement system: An investigation into its suitability in current practice. Acupuncture in Medicine. 2000;18(1):10–14. doi:10.1136/aim.18.1.10
Sharifi Rizi M, Shamsalinia A, Ghaffari F, et al. The effect of acupressure on pain, anxiety, and physiological indexes of patients with cancer undergoing bone marrow biopsy. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2017;29:136–141. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.09.002
Lafcı C, Kasikci M. The effect of aroma massage on constipation in elderly individuals. Experimental Gerontology. 2023;171:112023. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2022.112023
Nieh HC, Wu PO, Ou SF, et al. Effect of acupressure on alleviating constipation among inpatients with stroke during the acute phase. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2023;53:101801. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101801
Türkoğlu Dikmen SN, İlkay Ş, Şafak Y. Evaluation of self-esteem, emotional eating, eating attitude, depression and anxiety levels before and after bariatric surgery: A one-year follow-up study. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology. 2022;4(2):140–147. doi:10.35365/ctjpp.22.2.03
Lian YL, Ogal HP, Stör W, et al. Bildatlas der akupunktur: Darstellung der akupunkturpunkte. 2nd ed. München: KVM-Verlag; 2004.
Hajiamini Z, Masoud SN, Ebadi A, et al. Comparing the effects of ice massage and acupressure on labor pain reduction. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2012;18(3):169–172. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2012.05.003
Karakuş Z, Yangöz ŞT, Özer Z. Kanser ile ilişkili ağrı ve anksiyetenin yönetiminde akupresürün etkisi: Sistematik derleme. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi. 2022;9(1):64–73. doi:10.31125/hunhemsire.1102079
Karadağ S, Ergin Ç. Kemoterapiye bağlı bulantı ve kusmada akupresür kullanımı. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2022;7(2):359–364.
Gong J, Gu D, Wang H, et al. Effect of acupressure in nausea and vomiting treatment during pregnancy: A meta-analysis. Explore. 2024;20(1):17–26. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.015
Demirtaş Alpsalaz S, Yağmur Y. Doğum eyleminde uygulanan tamamlayıcı ve alternatif yöntemler. YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2022;3(3):337–344.
Lu Z, Dong H, Wang Q, et al. Perioperative acupuncture modulation: More than anaesthesia. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2015;115(2):183–193. doi:10.1093/bja/aev227
Zhou J, Chi H, Cheng TO, et al. Acupuncture anesthesia for open heart surgery in contemporary China. International Journal of Cardiology. 2011;150(1):12–16. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.04.002
Gao X, Jiang C, Yan H. Clinical observation on operation of cerebral speech area under combined acupuncture-drug anesthesia. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2000;20(10):731–732.
Gür S, Öztekin SD, Öztekin İ, et al. The effects of Korean hand acupressure on postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting, and retching after thyroidectomy: A randomized controlled study protocol. Journal of Education and Health Promotion. 2024;13:347. doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1812_23
Gür S, Öztekin SD, Öztekin İ, et al. The Effects of Korean Hand Acupressure on Postoperative Pain, Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching After Thyroidectomy. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2025;40(4):997-1006. doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2024.11.003
Khoram B, Yoosefinejad AK, Rivaz M, et al. Investigating the effect of acupressure on patients’ anxiety before open-heart surgery: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies. 2020;13(6):169–173. doi:10.1016/j.jams.2020.11.001
Aygin D, Şen S. Acupressure on anxiety and sleep quality after cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2019;34(6):1222–1231. doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2019.03.014
Chou R, Gordon DB, de Leon-Casasola OA, et al. Management of Postoperative Pain: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American Pain Society, the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists' Committee on Regional Anesthesia, Executive Committee, and Administrative Council. The Journal of Pain. 2016;17(2):131-157. doi:10. 1016/j.jpain.2015.12.008
Horn R, Hendrix JM, Kramer J. Postoperative Pain Control. [Updated 2024 Jan 30]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544298/ [Accessed: 09.11.2025].
Gan TJ. Poorly controlled postoperative pain: prevalence, consequences, and prevention. Journal of Pain Research. 2017;10:2287-2298. doi:10.2147/JPR.S144066
Fan M, Chen Z. A systematic review of non-pharmacological interventions used for pain relief after orthopedic surgical procedures. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2020;20(5):36. doi:10.3892/etm.2020.9163
Kheradkish F, Valiani M, Amini Rarani S, et al. The effect of acupressure on pain levels and physiologic indicators in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2024;57:101868. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101868
Narimani M, Ansari Jaberi A, Negahban Bonabi T, et al. Effect of Acupressure on Pain Severity in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Graft: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine. 2018;8(5):e82920. doi:10.5812/aapm.82920
Golembiewski JA, O'Brien D. A systematic approach to the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2002;17(6):364-376. doi:10.1053/jpan.2002.36596
Sun R, Dai W, Liu Y, et al. Non-needle acupoint stimulation for prevention of nausea and vomiting after breast surgery: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(10):e14713. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000014713
Hewitt V, Watts R. The effectiveness of non-invasive complementary therapies in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting following abdominal laparoscopic surgery in women: a systematic review. JBI Library of Systematic Reviews. 2009;7(19):850-907. doi:10.11124/01938924-200907190-00001
Asadi F, Azizi A, Biglarkhani M, et al. Effect of auricular acupressure on comfort, pain and physiological indices after coronary artery angiography: A randomized controlled trial. Explore (New York, N.Y.), 2025;21(2),103113. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2025.103113
Liu Y, Chan CWH, Chow KM, et al. Nurse-delivered acupressure on early postoperative gastrointestinal function among patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2023;10(5):100229. Published 2023 Apr 10. doi:10.1016/j.apjon.2023.100229
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH). Complementary, alternative, or integrative health: What’s in a name? Available from: https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/complementary-alternative-or-integrative-health-whats-in-a-name [Accessed: 10.12.2025].
Çam Yanık T, Altun Uğraş GA. Akupresür kullanımının cerrahi girişim sonrası uyku kalitesine etkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2020;2(2):105–112.
Derya İster E, Karaca T. Türkiye’de akupresür uygulanarak yapılan hemşirelik tezlerinin incelenmesi. Sakarya University Journal of Holistic Health. 2019;2(1):22–31.
Referanslar
Kaptchuk TJ. Acupuncture: theory, efficacy, and practice. of Chinese medicine. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136(5):374–383. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-136-5-200203050-00010
Matos LC, Machado JP, Monteiro FJ, et al. Understanding Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapeutics: An Overview of the Basics and Clinical Applications. Healthcare (Basel). 2021;9(3):257. Published 2021 Mar 1. doi:10.3390/healthcare9030257
Ko RKM, Leung HY. The essential role of Zheng Qi in promoting health: From the perspective of Chinese medicine and modern medicine. Chinese Medicine. 2024;15(2):27–33. doi:10.4236/cm.2024.152003
Ekmekci PE. 3.000 yıl öncesinden günümüze geleneksel Çin tıbbı; tarihi, bugünü ve geleceği. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine. 2018;1(3):132–140. doi:10.5336/jtracom.2018-63049
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Huang Di Nei Jing (Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon). Available from: https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/huang-di-nei-jing-huangdineijing-yellow-emperors-inner-canon [Accessed: 16.11.2025].
Vikipedi. Yin ile Yang. Available from: https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yin_ile_yang [Accessed: 16.11.2025].
Brinkhaus B, Ortiz M, Dietzel J, et al. Acupuncture for pain and allergic rhinitis-from clinical experience to evidence. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2020;63(5):561-569. doi:10.1007/s00103-020-03127-6
Sarıtaş S, Kapıkıran G. Ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası dönemde akupunktur/akupresür uygulamaları. Türkiye Klinikleri Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp – Özel Konular. 2022;3(2):80–84.
Weiss-Farnan P. Acupressure. In: Lindquist R, Tracy MF, Snyder M (eds.) Complementary and alternative therapies in nursing. 7th ed. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2014. p. 431–445.
Irmak B, Bulut H. Abdominal cerrahi sonrasında bağırsak fonksiyonlarını artırmada farmakolojik olmayan yöntemlerin kullanımı: Kanıtlar ne diyor? İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;14:336–350. doi:10.38079/igusabder.957817
Andrews S, Dempsey B. Acupressure and reflexology essentials. In: Acupressure & reflexology for dummies. Indianapolis: Wiley Publishing Inc.; 2007. p. 10–65.
Chen YW, Wang HH. The effectiveness of acupressure on relieving pain: A systematic review. Pain Management Nursing. 2014;15(2):539–550. doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2012.12.005
Butcher HK, Bulechek GM, Dochterman JMM, et al. Nursing interventions classification (NIC). 6th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2013. p. 74.
Abbasoğlu A, Cabıoğlu MT, Tuğcu AU, et al. Acupressure at BL60 and K3 points before heel lancing in preterm infants. Explore. 2015;11(5):363–366. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2015.07.005
Koç Özkan T, Balcı S. Çocuklarda ağrı kontrolünde akupresür kullanımı. Gümüşhane Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2018;7(1):234–239.
Abbasi P, Mojalli M, Kianmehr M, et al. Effect of acupressure on constipation in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine. 2019;9(1):84–91.
Cabıoğlu MT. Akupunktur ile ağrı kontrolü ve nörotransmitterler. Genel Tıp Dergisi. 2008;18(2):93–98.
Çanakçı E. Obezite tedavisinde akupunkturun yeri. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği. 2017;9(4):23–30.
World Health Organization. WHO standard acupuncture point locations in the Western Pacific Region. Geneva: WHO Press; 2008. p. 1–259.
Karaman A, Altun Uğraş G. Akupresür. Özbaş A, Güneş A (eds.) Ağrı Yönetiminde İlaç Dışı Uygulamalar içinde İstanbul: İstanbul Tıp Kitabevleri; 2022. p. 290–301.
Chao WC, Wang EMY. Using the finger cun of acupuncture-point location as benchmark to estimate body dimensions. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers. 2010;27(2):121–131. doi:10.1080/10170660903528994
Coyle M, Aird M, Cobbin D, et al. The cun measurement system: An investigation into its suitability in current practice. Acupuncture in Medicine. 2000;18(1):10–14. doi:10.1136/aim.18.1.10
Sharifi Rizi M, Shamsalinia A, Ghaffari F, et al. The effect of acupressure on pain, anxiety, and physiological indexes of patients with cancer undergoing bone marrow biopsy. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2017;29:136–141. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.09.002
Lafcı C, Kasikci M. The effect of aroma massage on constipation in elderly individuals. Experimental Gerontology. 2023;171:112023. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2022.112023
Nieh HC, Wu PO, Ou SF, et al. Effect of acupressure on alleviating constipation among inpatients with stroke during the acute phase. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2023;53:101801. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101801
Türkoğlu Dikmen SN, İlkay Ş, Şafak Y. Evaluation of self-esteem, emotional eating, eating attitude, depression and anxiety levels before and after bariatric surgery: A one-year follow-up study. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology. 2022;4(2):140–147. doi:10.35365/ctjpp.22.2.03
Lian YL, Ogal HP, Stör W, et al. Bildatlas der akupunktur: Darstellung der akupunkturpunkte. 2nd ed. München: KVM-Verlag; 2004.
Hajiamini Z, Masoud SN, Ebadi A, et al. Comparing the effects of ice massage and acupressure on labor pain reduction. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2012;18(3):169–172. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2012.05.003
Karakuş Z, Yangöz ŞT, Özer Z. Kanser ile ilişkili ağrı ve anksiyetenin yönetiminde akupresürün etkisi: Sistematik derleme. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi. 2022;9(1):64–73. doi:10.31125/hunhemsire.1102079
Karadağ S, Ergin Ç. Kemoterapiye bağlı bulantı ve kusmada akupresür kullanımı. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2022;7(2):359–364.
Gong J, Gu D, Wang H, et al. Effect of acupressure in nausea and vomiting treatment during pregnancy: A meta-analysis. Explore. 2024;20(1):17–26. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.015
Demirtaş Alpsalaz S, Yağmur Y. Doğum eyleminde uygulanan tamamlayıcı ve alternatif yöntemler. YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2022;3(3):337–344.
Lu Z, Dong H, Wang Q, et al. Perioperative acupuncture modulation: More than anaesthesia. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2015;115(2):183–193. doi:10.1093/bja/aev227
Zhou J, Chi H, Cheng TO, et al. Acupuncture anesthesia for open heart surgery in contemporary China. International Journal of Cardiology. 2011;150(1):12–16. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.04.002
Gao X, Jiang C, Yan H. Clinical observation on operation of cerebral speech area under combined acupuncture-drug anesthesia. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2000;20(10):731–732.
Gür S, Öztekin SD, Öztekin İ, et al. The effects of Korean hand acupressure on postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting, and retching after thyroidectomy: A randomized controlled study protocol. Journal of Education and Health Promotion. 2024;13:347. doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1812_23
Gür S, Öztekin SD, Öztekin İ, et al. The Effects of Korean Hand Acupressure on Postoperative Pain, Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching After Thyroidectomy. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2025;40(4):997-1006. doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2024.11.003
Khoram B, Yoosefinejad AK, Rivaz M, et al. Investigating the effect of acupressure on patients’ anxiety before open-heart surgery: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies. 2020;13(6):169–173. doi:10.1016/j.jams.2020.11.001
Aygin D, Şen S. Acupressure on anxiety and sleep quality after cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2019;34(6):1222–1231. doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2019.03.014
Chou R, Gordon DB, de Leon-Casasola OA, et al. Management of Postoperative Pain: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American Pain Society, the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists' Committee on Regional Anesthesia, Executive Committee, and Administrative Council. The Journal of Pain. 2016;17(2):131-157. doi:10. 1016/j.jpain.2015.12.008
Horn R, Hendrix JM, Kramer J. Postoperative Pain Control. [Updated 2024 Jan 30]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544298/ [Accessed: 09.11.2025].
Gan TJ. Poorly controlled postoperative pain: prevalence, consequences, and prevention. Journal of Pain Research. 2017;10:2287-2298. doi:10.2147/JPR.S144066
Fan M, Chen Z. A systematic review of non-pharmacological interventions used for pain relief after orthopedic surgical procedures. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2020;20(5):36. doi:10.3892/etm.2020.9163
Kheradkish F, Valiani M, Amini Rarani S, et al. The effect of acupressure on pain levels and physiologic indicators in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2024;57:101868. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101868
Narimani M, Ansari Jaberi A, Negahban Bonabi T, et al. Effect of Acupressure on Pain Severity in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Graft: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine. 2018;8(5):e82920. doi:10.5812/aapm.82920
Golembiewski JA, O'Brien D. A systematic approach to the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2002;17(6):364-376. doi:10.1053/jpan.2002.36596
Sun R, Dai W, Liu Y, et al. Non-needle acupoint stimulation for prevention of nausea and vomiting after breast surgery: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(10):e14713. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000014713
Hewitt V, Watts R. The effectiveness of non-invasive complementary therapies in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting following abdominal laparoscopic surgery in women: a systematic review. JBI Library of Systematic Reviews. 2009;7(19):850-907. doi:10.11124/01938924-200907190-00001
Asadi F, Azizi A, Biglarkhani M, et al. Effect of auricular acupressure on comfort, pain and physiological indices after coronary artery angiography: A randomized controlled trial. Explore (New York, N.Y.), 2025;21(2),103113. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2025.103113
Liu Y, Chan CWH, Chow KM, et al. Nurse-delivered acupressure on early postoperative gastrointestinal function among patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2023;10(5):100229. Published 2023 Apr 10. doi:10.1016/j.apjon.2023.100229
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH). Complementary, alternative, or integrative health: What’s in a name? Available from: https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/complementary-alternative-or-integrative-health-whats-in-a-name [Accessed: 10.12.2025].
Çam Yanık T, Altun Uğraş GA. Akupresür kullanımının cerrahi girişim sonrası uyku kalitesine etkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2020;2(2):105–112.
Derya İster E, Karaca T. Türkiye’de akupresür uygulanarak yapılan hemşirelik tezlerinin incelenmesi. Sakarya University Journal of Holistic Health. 2019;2(1):22–31.
