Fitoterapinin Cerrahi Bakımda Kullanımı
Özet
Fitoterapi, bitkisel ürünlerin kullanıldığı geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı bir tıp uygulamasıdır. Cerrahi tedavi ve bakım sürecinde kullanılan fitoterapötik uygulamalar iyileşme sürecini hızlandırmakta, komplikasyonları önlemekte ve hasta konforunu artırmaktadır. Ameliyat öncesi dönemde, lavanta, melisa ve passiflora gibi bitkiler anksiyete ve uyku bozukluklarının yönetiminde tercih edilmektedir. Ameliyat sonrasında ise farklı amaçlar için çeşitli bitkiler kullanılmaktadır: yara iyileşmesini desteklemek için aloe vera ve aynısefa; enfeksiyon riskini azaltmak için sarımsak, ekinezya ve kekik yağı; bulantı, gaz ve kabızlık gibi gastrointestinal sorunları tedavi etmek için nane, rezene ve papatya; anksiyete, uyku bozuklukları ve depresif semptomları yönetmek için ise, lavanta ve sarı kantaron kullanılmaktadır. Ancak bazı bitkisel ürünler, anestezik ve ilaçlı tedavi ile etkileşime girerek istenmeyen yan etkilere neden olabileceğinden dikkatli olunmalıdır. Cerrahi süreçte fitoterapinin doğru ve bilinçli kullanımı, hastanın genel sağlık durumu ve iyileşme süreci üzerinde olumlu etkiler yaratmaktadır. Bu bağlamda cerrahi hemşireleri, hastanın genel sağlık durumu, kullandığı reçeteli ve/veya reçetesiz tüm ilaçların ve bitkisel takviyelerin olası riskleri konusunda bilgi sahibi olmalıdır. Fitoterapi uygulamaları bilimsel temellere dayandırılmalı ve cerrahi hemşireleri disiplinler arası ekip içerisinde aktif rol üstlenmelidirler.
Phytotherapy is a traditional and complementary medical practice in which herbal products are used. Phytotherapeutic applications used in surgical treatment and care accelerate the healing process, prevent complications, and increase patient comfort. In the preoperative period, herbs such as lavender, lemon balm and passionflower are preferred for managing anxiety and sleep disorders. Postoperatively, various herbs are used for different purposes: aloe vera and calendula to support wound healing; garlic, echinacea, and thyme oil to reduce the risk of infection; mint, fennel, and chamomile to treat gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, gas, and constipation; and lavender and St. John’s wort to manage anxiety, sleep disorders, and depressive symptoms. However, caution is required since some herbal products may interact with anesthetic agents and pharmacological treatments, leading to undesirable side effects. The correct and conscious use of phytotherapy in the surgical process creates positive effects on the patient’s general health status and healing process. In this context, surgical nurses should be informed about the patient’s general health condition and the possible risks of all prescribed and/or non-prescription medications and herbal supplements that the patient uses. They should base phytotherapy practices on scientific evidence and take an active role within the multidisciplinary team.
Referanslar
Ramzan I, Lı GQ. Phytotherapies-past, present, and future. In: Ramzan I (ed.) Phytotherapies efficacy, safety, and regulation. Wiley: New Jersey; 2015. p. 1-17.
Falzon CC, Balabanova A. Phytotherapy: An Introduction to Herbal Medicine. Primary Care. 2017; 44(2), 217–227. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2017.02.001
Barrere C, Delaney C. Complementary and alternative modalities. In: Williams LS, Hopper PD (eds.) Understanding medical surgical nursing. 5th ed. F.A. Davis Company: Philadelphia; 2015. p. 58-67.
Kahraman H, Ceyhan Ö, Taşcı S. Cerrahi yara iyileşmesinde bitkisel ürünlerin kullanımı. Yaşam Boyu Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2021;2(2): 74-86. doi: 10.29228/llnursing.49850
Miraj SS, Kurian SJ, Rodrigues GS, et al. Phytotherapy in diabetic foot ulcers: A promising strategy for effective wound healing. J Am Nutr Assoc. 2023;42(3):295-310. doi:10.1080/07315724.2022.203406
Sançar B, Canbulat Ş, İlhan SE Yara bakımında kullanılan bitkisel yöntemler ve hemşirelik. Turkiye Klinikleri Internal Medicine Nursing-Special Topics. 2017;3(2):116-124.
Michalak M. Plant extracts as skin care and therapeutic agents. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(20):15444. doi:10.3390/ijms242015444
Farasati Far B, Gouranmohit G, Naimi-Jamal MR, et al. The potential role of Hypericum perforatum in wound healing: A literature review on the phytochemicals, pharmacological approaches, and mechanistic perspectives. Phytother Res. 2024;38(7):3271-3295. doi:10.1002/ptr.8204
Barbosa FC, Tadine RM, Rezende JDP, et al. Current challenges for the use of phytotherapy: A narrative. Contrıbucıones A Las Cıencıas Socıales. 2023;16(5): 2066–2078. doi:10.55905/revconv.16n.5-006
World Health Organization. WHO traditional medicine strategy 2014–2023. 2025. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241506096 (Accessed 2nd February 2025).
Hatfield J, Saad S, Housewright C. Dietary supplements and bleeding. Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center). 2022;35(6),802–807. doi:10.1080/08998280.2022.2121575.
Dişli M, Yeşilada E. Türkiye‘de bitkisel tıbbi ürünler (Türkiye’de bitkisel ürünlerin standardizasyonu, üretimi ve tağşiş). J Biotechnol and Strategic Health Res. 2019;3:13-21. doi:10.34084/bshr.545498
Vardar DÖ, Mollahaliloğlu S, Öztaş D. Fitoterapide kullanılan bazı fitokimyasalların toplum sağlığına etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi. J Health Sci Med. 2018; 1(4); 99-105. doi: 10.32322/jhsm.480881
Kulakaç N, Sayılan AA. Effect of lavender oil on preoperative anxiety: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Perianesth Nurs. 2024;39(2):218–225. doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2023.07.016
Bent S, Padula A, Moore D, Patterson M, et al. Valerian for sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2006;119(12):1005-1012. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.02.026
Zare Elmi HK, Gholami M, Saki M, Ebrahimzadeh F. Efficacy of valerian extract on sleep quality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A triple-blind randomized controlled trial. Chin J Integr Med. 2021;27(1):7-15. doi:10.1007/s11655-020-2727-1
Sharma S, Alfonso AR, Gordon AJ, et al. Second-degree burns and Aloe vera: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2022;35(11):1-9. doi:10.1097/01.ASW.0000875056.29059.78
Chen B, He Y, Xiao Y, et al. Heated fennel therapy promotes the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients after complex abdominal surgery: A single-center prospective randomized controlled trial in China. Surgery. 2020;168(5): 793–799. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.05.040
Jourshari MS, Rezasoltani P, Nazari M, et al. A comparative study of fennel and dimethicone capsule effects on flatulence rate after cesarean section: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. J Educ Health Promot. 2024;13:251. doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_389_23
Arruda APN, Ayala AP, Lopes LC, et al. Herbal medications for surgical patients: A systematic review protocol. BMJ Open. 2017;7(7):e014290. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014290
Cummings, Kenneth C 3rd et al. Preoperative management of surgical patients using dietary supplements: Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI) Consensus Statement. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2021;96(5):1342-1355. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.08.016.
Monteiro MD, Dias ACP, Costa D, et al. Hypericum perforatum and its potential antiplatelet effect. Healthcare (Basel). 2022;10(9):1774. doi:10.3390/healthcare10091774
Balouchi A, Mahmoudirad G, Hastings-Tolsma M. et.al. Knowledge, attitude and use of complementary and alternative medicine among nurses: A systematic review. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018;31:146-157. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.02.008
Onche EJ, Oluwasanu MM, John Akinola YO. Knowledge, perception, attitude, and practice of complementary and alternative medicine by health care workers in Garki hospital Abuja, Nigeria. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2024;24(1):177. doi:10.1186/s12906-024-04429-x
Yilmaz F, Çifci HE. Herbal Use among presurgical patients in Turkey: A cross-sectional study. Anesthesiol Res Pract. 2018:1643607. doi:10.1155/2018/1643607
Elvir Lazo, OL, White PF, Lee C. et.al. Use of herbal medication in the perioperative period: Potential adverse drug interactions. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. 2024: 95;111473. doi:10.1016/j.jclinane.2024.111473
El-Sherbeni SA, Negm WA. The wound healing effect of botanicals and pure natural substances used in in vivo models. Inflammopharmacology. 2023;31(2):755-772. doi:10.1007/s10787-023-01157-5
Maver T, Maver U, Stana Kleinschek K. et. al. A review of herbal medicines in wound healing. Int J Dermatol. 2015;54(7):740-751. doi:10.1111/ijd.12766
Hakami N. Integrating complementary and alternative medicine in surgical care: A narrative review. Medicine. 2024;103(41):e40117. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000040117
Nam J, Lee H, Lee S, Park H. Literature review of complementary and alternative therapies: Using text mining and analysis of trends in nursing research. BMC Nurs. 2024;23(1):526. doi:10.1186/s12912-024-02172-9
Fitoterapi. Fitoterapik ajanlar, tarihçe, kullanımı 2025. (01.01.2025 tarihinde https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitoterapi adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Shaw WJ. Complementery and alternative therapies. In: Lewis SL, Dirksen SR, Hetkemper MM, Bucher L, Harding MM (eds.) Medical surgical nursing assessment and management of clinical problems. 9th ed. Elsevier: Missouri; 2014. p. 79-87.
Plotnikoff GA, Lillehei AS. Herbel medicines. In: Lindquist R, Tracy MF, Snyder M. (eds.) Complementary and alternative therapies in nursing. 8th ed. Springer Publishing Company: New York; 2018. p. 339-358.
Encyclopaedia Britannica. Phytotherapy 2024. Available from: https://www.britannica.com/science/phytotherapy (Accesses 10th February 2025).
Claro AE, Palanza, C, Mazza M. et. al. Historical use of medicinal plants and future potential from phytotherapy to phitochemicals. Annali di Botanica. 2024;14(1):127-126. doi: 10.13133/2239-3129/18564
Saroya AS. Contemporary phytomedicines. USA: CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL;2017. p. 366.
Jamshidi Kia F, Lorigooini Z, Amini Khoei H. Medicinal plants: Past history and future perspective. Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology. 2018;7(1):1–7. doi: 10.15171/jhp.2018.01
Moro C, Phelps C, Veer V, et al. Cranberry juice, cranberry tablets, or liquid therapies for urinary tract infection: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Eur Urol Focus. 2024;10(6):947-957. doi:10.1016/j.euf.2024.07.002
Cranberry. Is cranberry juice really effective against urinary tract infections? Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/is-cranberryjuice-really-effective-against-urinary-tract-infections (Accesses 14th April 2025).
Kenda M, Glavač NK, Nagy M, et al. Herbal products used in menopause and for gynecological disorders. Molecules. 2021;26(24):7421. doi:10.3390/molecules26247421
Flöther L, Avila-Castillo D, Burgdorff AM, et al. Capsaicin in the treatment of refractory neuropathic pain after mastectomy surgery: A case report. Case Rep Oncol. 2020;13(2):997-1001. doi:10.1159/000508948
Fogacci F, Banach M, Mikhailidis DP, et al. Safety of red yeast rice supplementation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res. 2019;143:1-16. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2019.02.028
Düzgüner V, Erbil N. Ardahan’da yetişen kediotunun (Valeriana officinalis L.) antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan potansiyelinin belirlenmesi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi. 2019;6(2):271- 275. doi:10.30910/turkjans.557113
Shahbandari Jourshari M, Rezasoltani P, Nazari M, et al. A comparative study of fennel and dimethicone capsule effects on flatulence rate after cesarean section: A double‑blind randomized controlled trial. J Edu Health Promot. 2024;13:251. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_389_23
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Referanslar
Ramzan I, Lı GQ. Phytotherapies-past, present, and future. In: Ramzan I (ed.) Phytotherapies efficacy, safety, and regulation. Wiley: New Jersey; 2015. p. 1-17.
Falzon CC, Balabanova A. Phytotherapy: An Introduction to Herbal Medicine. Primary Care. 2017; 44(2), 217–227. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2017.02.001
Barrere C, Delaney C. Complementary and alternative modalities. In: Williams LS, Hopper PD (eds.) Understanding medical surgical nursing. 5th ed. F.A. Davis Company: Philadelphia; 2015. p. 58-67.
Kahraman H, Ceyhan Ö, Taşcı S. Cerrahi yara iyileşmesinde bitkisel ürünlerin kullanımı. Yaşam Boyu Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2021;2(2): 74-86. doi: 10.29228/llnursing.49850
Miraj SS, Kurian SJ, Rodrigues GS, et al. Phytotherapy in diabetic foot ulcers: A promising strategy for effective wound healing. J Am Nutr Assoc. 2023;42(3):295-310. doi:10.1080/07315724.2022.203406
Sançar B, Canbulat Ş, İlhan SE Yara bakımında kullanılan bitkisel yöntemler ve hemşirelik. Turkiye Klinikleri Internal Medicine Nursing-Special Topics. 2017;3(2):116-124.
Michalak M. Plant extracts as skin care and therapeutic agents. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(20):15444. doi:10.3390/ijms242015444
Farasati Far B, Gouranmohit G, Naimi-Jamal MR, et al. The potential role of Hypericum perforatum in wound healing: A literature review on the phytochemicals, pharmacological approaches, and mechanistic perspectives. Phytother Res. 2024;38(7):3271-3295. doi:10.1002/ptr.8204
Barbosa FC, Tadine RM, Rezende JDP, et al. Current challenges for the use of phytotherapy: A narrative. Contrıbucıones A Las Cıencıas Socıales. 2023;16(5): 2066–2078. doi:10.55905/revconv.16n.5-006
World Health Organization. WHO traditional medicine strategy 2014–2023. 2025. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241506096 (Accessed 2nd February 2025).
Hatfield J, Saad S, Housewright C. Dietary supplements and bleeding. Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center). 2022;35(6),802–807. doi:10.1080/08998280.2022.2121575.
Dişli M, Yeşilada E. Türkiye‘de bitkisel tıbbi ürünler (Türkiye’de bitkisel ürünlerin standardizasyonu, üretimi ve tağşiş). J Biotechnol and Strategic Health Res. 2019;3:13-21. doi:10.34084/bshr.545498
Vardar DÖ, Mollahaliloğlu S, Öztaş D. Fitoterapide kullanılan bazı fitokimyasalların toplum sağlığına etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi. J Health Sci Med. 2018; 1(4); 99-105. doi: 10.32322/jhsm.480881
Kulakaç N, Sayılan AA. Effect of lavender oil on preoperative anxiety: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Perianesth Nurs. 2024;39(2):218–225. doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2023.07.016
Bent S, Padula A, Moore D, Patterson M, et al. Valerian for sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2006;119(12):1005-1012. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.02.026
Zare Elmi HK, Gholami M, Saki M, Ebrahimzadeh F. Efficacy of valerian extract on sleep quality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A triple-blind randomized controlled trial. Chin J Integr Med. 2021;27(1):7-15. doi:10.1007/s11655-020-2727-1
Sharma S, Alfonso AR, Gordon AJ, et al. Second-degree burns and Aloe vera: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2022;35(11):1-9. doi:10.1097/01.ASW.0000875056.29059.78
Chen B, He Y, Xiao Y, et al. Heated fennel therapy promotes the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients after complex abdominal surgery: A single-center prospective randomized controlled trial in China. Surgery. 2020;168(5): 793–799. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.05.040
Jourshari MS, Rezasoltani P, Nazari M, et al. A comparative study of fennel and dimethicone capsule effects on flatulence rate after cesarean section: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. J Educ Health Promot. 2024;13:251. doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_389_23
Arruda APN, Ayala AP, Lopes LC, et al. Herbal medications for surgical patients: A systematic review protocol. BMJ Open. 2017;7(7):e014290. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014290
Cummings, Kenneth C 3rd et al. Preoperative management of surgical patients using dietary supplements: Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI) Consensus Statement. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2021;96(5):1342-1355. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.08.016.
Monteiro MD, Dias ACP, Costa D, et al. Hypericum perforatum and its potential antiplatelet effect. Healthcare (Basel). 2022;10(9):1774. doi:10.3390/healthcare10091774
Balouchi A, Mahmoudirad G, Hastings-Tolsma M. et.al. Knowledge, attitude and use of complementary and alternative medicine among nurses: A systematic review. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018;31:146-157. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.02.008
Onche EJ, Oluwasanu MM, John Akinola YO. Knowledge, perception, attitude, and practice of complementary and alternative medicine by health care workers in Garki hospital Abuja, Nigeria. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2024;24(1):177. doi:10.1186/s12906-024-04429-x
Yilmaz F, Çifci HE. Herbal Use among presurgical patients in Turkey: A cross-sectional study. Anesthesiol Res Pract. 2018:1643607. doi:10.1155/2018/1643607
Elvir Lazo, OL, White PF, Lee C. et.al. Use of herbal medication in the perioperative period: Potential adverse drug interactions. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. 2024: 95;111473. doi:10.1016/j.jclinane.2024.111473
El-Sherbeni SA, Negm WA. The wound healing effect of botanicals and pure natural substances used in in vivo models. Inflammopharmacology. 2023;31(2):755-772. doi:10.1007/s10787-023-01157-5
Maver T, Maver U, Stana Kleinschek K. et. al. A review of herbal medicines in wound healing. Int J Dermatol. 2015;54(7):740-751. doi:10.1111/ijd.12766
Hakami N. Integrating complementary and alternative medicine in surgical care: A narrative review. Medicine. 2024;103(41):e40117. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000040117
Nam J, Lee H, Lee S, Park H. Literature review of complementary and alternative therapies: Using text mining and analysis of trends in nursing research. BMC Nurs. 2024;23(1):526. doi:10.1186/s12912-024-02172-9
Fitoterapi. Fitoterapik ajanlar, tarihçe, kullanımı 2025. (01.01.2025 tarihinde https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitoterapi adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Shaw WJ. Complementery and alternative therapies. In: Lewis SL, Dirksen SR, Hetkemper MM, Bucher L, Harding MM (eds.) Medical surgical nursing assessment and management of clinical problems. 9th ed. Elsevier: Missouri; 2014. p. 79-87.
Plotnikoff GA, Lillehei AS. Herbel medicines. In: Lindquist R, Tracy MF, Snyder M. (eds.) Complementary and alternative therapies in nursing. 8th ed. Springer Publishing Company: New York; 2018. p. 339-358.
Encyclopaedia Britannica. Phytotherapy 2024. Available from: https://www.britannica.com/science/phytotherapy (Accesses 10th February 2025).
Claro AE, Palanza, C, Mazza M. et. al. Historical use of medicinal plants and future potential from phytotherapy to phitochemicals. Annali di Botanica. 2024;14(1):127-126. doi: 10.13133/2239-3129/18564
Saroya AS. Contemporary phytomedicines. USA: CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL;2017. p. 366.
Jamshidi Kia F, Lorigooini Z, Amini Khoei H. Medicinal plants: Past history and future perspective. Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology. 2018;7(1):1–7. doi: 10.15171/jhp.2018.01
Moro C, Phelps C, Veer V, et al. Cranberry juice, cranberry tablets, or liquid therapies for urinary tract infection: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Eur Urol Focus. 2024;10(6):947-957. doi:10.1016/j.euf.2024.07.002
Cranberry. Is cranberry juice really effective against urinary tract infections? Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/is-cranberryjuice-really-effective-against-urinary-tract-infections (Accesses 14th April 2025).
Kenda M, Glavač NK, Nagy M, et al. Herbal products used in menopause and for gynecological disorders. Molecules. 2021;26(24):7421. doi:10.3390/molecules26247421
Flöther L, Avila-Castillo D, Burgdorff AM, et al. Capsaicin in the treatment of refractory neuropathic pain after mastectomy surgery: A case report. Case Rep Oncol. 2020;13(2):997-1001. doi:10.1159/000508948
Fogacci F, Banach M, Mikhailidis DP, et al. Safety of red yeast rice supplementation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res. 2019;143:1-16. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2019.02.028
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