Aromaterapinin Cerrahi Bakımda Kullanımı
Özet
Aromaterapi, bitkisel uçucu yağların kullanımıyla fiziksel ve psikolojik iyilik halini desteklemeyi amaçlayan tamamlayıcı bir tedavi yöntemidir. Cerrahi bakım sürecinde, hastaların yaşadığı anksiyete, ağrı, bulantı ve uyku problemlerinin yönetiminde aromaterapi etkili bir destek sağlayabilir. Özellikle lavanta, nane, limon ve zencefil gibi uçucu yağların inhalasyon ya da masaj yoluyla kullanımı, hastaların cerrahi öncesi ve sonrası yaşadığı semptomları hafifletmeye yardımcı olmaktadır. Literatürde aromaterapinin ameliyat öncesi dönemde anksiyeteyi, ameliyat sonrası dönemde ağrı algısını azalttığı bununla birlikte mide bulantısı gibi sık görülen yan etkilerin hafifletilmesinde de etkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bu yöntem cerrahi hemşireliğine entegre edildiğinde, invaziv olmayan, düşük maliyetli ve kolay uygulanabilir olması nedeniyle tercih edilmektedir. Ancak, aromaterapinin etkili ve güvenli kullanımı için hasta bireyselliği göz önünde bulundurulmalı ve profesyonel rehberlik sağlanmalıdır. Aromaterapi cerrahi bakımda hasta konforunu artıran tamamlayıcı bir uygulama olarak değer kazanmaktadır.
Aromatherapy is a complementary treatment method that aims to support physical and psychological well-being through the use of plant essential oils. Aromatherapy can provide effective support in the management of anxiety, pain, nausea and sleep problems experienced by patients during surgical care. In particular, the use of essential oils such as lavender, mint, lemon and ginger via inhalation or massage helps to alleviate the symptoms experienced by patients before and after surgery. It is reported in the literature that aromatherapy reduces anxiety in the preoperative period and pain perception in the postoperative period, and is also effective in alleviating common side effects such as nausea. When this method is integrated into surgical nursing care, it is preferred because it is non-invasive, low-cost and easy to apply. However, for the effective and safe use of aromatherapy, patient individuality should be taken into consideration and professional guidance should be provided. Aromatherapy is gaining value as a complementary application that increases patient comfort in surgical care.
Referanslar
Kamarajah S, Ademuyiwa AO, Atun R, et al. Health systems strengthening through surgical and perioperative care pathways: A changing paradigm. BMJ Glob Health. 2024; 9:e015058. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2024-015058
World Health Organization (WHO). Patient safety. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/patient-safety (Accessed 3rd April 2025).
Wang JY, Huang HY, Chu WO, et al. Aromatherapy for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Tzu Chi Med J. 2024;36(3): 330-339. doi: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_240_23
Hakami N. Integrating complementary and alternative medicine in surgical care: A narrative review. Medicine. 2024;103(41): e40117.
Biachi FB, de Oliveira Faria MF, Oliveira RA, et al. Effect of aromatherapy for postoperative pain management in the postanesthesia recovery room: A systematic review. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2025;40: 1016-1023. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2024.09.011
Halcon LL. Aromatherapy. In: Lindquist R, Tracy MF, Snyder M (eds.). Complementary and alternative therapies in nursing. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2018. p.319-338.
The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH). Complementary, alternative, or integrative health: what’s in a name? Available from: https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/complementary-alternative-or-integrative-health-whats-in-a-name (Accessed 2nd April 2025).
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Bhavaniramya S, Vishnupriya S, Al-Aboody MS, et al. Role of essential oils in food safety: antimicrobial and antioxidant applications. Grain Oil Sci. Technol 2. 2019;2(2): 49-55. doi: 10.1016/j.gaost.2019.03.001
Vora LK, Gholap AD, Hatvate NT, et al. Essential oils for clinical aromatherapy: A comprehensive review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2024;330: 118180. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118180
McMullen RL, Dell’Acqua G. History of natural ingredients in cosmetics. Cosmetics. 2023;10(3): 71. doi: 10.3390/cosmetics10030071
King A. Medieval islamicate aromatherapy: Medical perspectives on aromatics and perfumes. The Senses and Society. 2022;17(1): 37-51. doi: 10.1080/17458927.2021.2020606
Solorzano-Santos F, Miranda-Novales M. Essential oils from aromatic herbs as anti-microbial agents. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 2012;23(2): 136–141. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.08.005
Fisher C, Adams J, Hickman L, et al. The use of complementary and alternative medicine by 7427 Australian women with cyclic perimenstrual pain and discomfort: A cross-sectional study. BMC Complementary & Alternative Medicine. 2016;16: 129. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1119-8
Ataseven M. Cerrahi hastalarda aromaterapinin semptom kontrolüne etkileri. İstanbul: Efe Akademi; 2024.
Fung TK, Lau BW, Ngai SP, et al. Therapeutic effect and mechanisms of essential oils in mood disorders: Interaction between the nervous and respiratory systems. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(9): 4844. doi: 10.3390/ijms22094844
Tisserand R, Young R. Essential oil safety. 2nd ed. Edinburgh, UK: Churchill Livingstone; 2014.
Alkanat HÖ. Aromaterapi. Başer M, Taşçı S (eds). Kanıta dayalı rehberleriyle tamamlayıcı ve destekleyici uygulamalar içinde. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Akademisyen Tıp Kitabevi; 2015. p. 42-44.
Sattayakhom A, Wichit S, Koomhin, P. The effects of essential oils on the nervous system: A scoping review. Molecules. 2023; 28(9): 3771. doi: 10.3390/molecules28093771
Cui J, Li M, Wei Y, et al. Inhalation aromatherapy via brain-targeted nasal delivery: Natural volatiles or essential oils on mood disorders. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2022;13: 860043. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.860043
Çalışkan UK, Karakuş MM. Essential oils as skin permeation boosters and their predicted effect mechanisms. J Dermatol & Skin Sci. 2020;2(3): 24-30.
Herman A, Herman AP. Essential oils and their constituents as skin penetration enhancer for transdermal drug delivery: A review. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2015;67(4): 473-485. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12334
Napavichayanun S, Sujarit AS, Pienpinijtham P, et al. Effect of Lavandula angustifolia and Cananga odorata on decrease of blood pressure in high blood pressure volunteers: A randomized controlled trial. Explore. 2024;20(4): 520-526. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.11.013
Ali B, Al-Wabel NA, Shams S, et al. Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 2015;5(8): 601-611. doi: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.05.007
Liao Y, Liu X, Zhang M, et al. Application progress of aromatherapy in perioperative patients. Journal of Intelligent Medicine and Healthcare. 2022;1(1): 1–10. doi: 10.32604/jimh.2022.029848
Murphy AE, Belmont SL, Moriber NA. The use of therapeutic inhaled essential oils (TIEO) as a holistic approach to decrease preoperative anxiety in ERAS gynecological surgery. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2022;37(6): 787-794. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2022.03.002
Akutay S, Başer M. Cerrahi hastalarında görülen ağrı, anksiyete ve uyku sorunlarında aromaterapinin yeri. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;30(3): 360-369. doi: 10.34108/eujhs.1040486
Oh J, Lee W, Ki S, et al. Assessment of preoperative anxiety and influencing factors in patients undergoing elective surgery: An observational cross-sectional study. Medicina. 2024;60(3): 403. doi: 10.3390/medicina60030403
Mulugeta H, Ayana M, Sintayehu M, et al. Preoperative anxiety and associated factors among adult surgical patients in Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot referral hospitals Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Anesthesiology. 2018;18: 155. doi: 10.1186/s12871-018-0619-0
Wang R, Huang X, Wang Y, et al. Non-pharmacologic approaches in preoperative anxiety, a comprehensive review. Frontiers in Public Health. 2022;10: 854673. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.854673
Wotman J, Levinger L, Leung A, et al. The efficacy of lavender aromatherapy in reducing preoperative anxiety in ambulatory surgery patients undergoing procedures in general otolaryngology Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2017;2: 437-441. doi: 10.1002/lio2.121
Genc H, Saritas S. The effects of lavender oil on the anxiety and vital signs of benign prostatic hyperplasia patients in preoperative period. Explore. 2020;16(2): 116-122. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2019.07.008
Shirzad M, Nasiri E, Hesamirostami M, et al. The effect of lavender on anxiety and hemodynamic status before septorhinoplasy and rhinoplasty. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2023;38(1): 45-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2022.05.067
Honig AJ, Galassi MG, Ogungbe OO, et al. Implementation of aromatherapy, a nonpharmacological intervention, to reduce anxiety during the preoperative period. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2023;38(2): 206-212. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2022.06.011
Qneibi M, Jaradat N, Hawash M, et al. The neuroprotective role of Origanum syriacum L. and Lavandula dentata L. essential oils through their effects on AMPA receptors. BioMed Research International. 2019;(1): 5640173. doi: 10.1155/2019/5640173
Pasyar N, Rambod M, Araghi F. The effect of bergamot orange essence on anxiety, salivary cortisol, and alpha amylase in patients prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A controlled trial study. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2020;39: 10115. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101153
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Koehler T. Lavender aromatherapy as a nurse-driven intervention for preoperative anxiety. Nursing for Women's Health. 2020;25(4): 286-295. doi: 10.1016/j.nwh.2021.05.005
Jaruzel CB, Gregoski M, Mueller M, et al. Aromatherapy for preoperative anxiety: A pilot study. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing. 2019;34(2): 259-264. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2018.05.007
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Referanslar
Kamarajah S, Ademuyiwa AO, Atun R, et al. Health systems strengthening through surgical and perioperative care pathways: A changing paradigm. BMJ Glob Health. 2024; 9:e015058. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2024-015058
World Health Organization (WHO). Patient safety. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/patient-safety (Accessed 3rd April 2025).
Wang JY, Huang HY, Chu WO, et al. Aromatherapy for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Tzu Chi Med J. 2024;36(3): 330-339. doi: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_240_23
Hakami N. Integrating complementary and alternative medicine in surgical care: A narrative review. Medicine. 2024;103(41): e40117.
Biachi FB, de Oliveira Faria MF, Oliveira RA, et al. Effect of aromatherapy for postoperative pain management in the postanesthesia recovery room: A systematic review. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2025;40: 1016-1023. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2024.09.011
Halcon LL. Aromatherapy. In: Lindquist R, Tracy MF, Snyder M (eds.). Complementary and alternative therapies in nursing. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2018. p.319-338.
The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH). Complementary, alternative, or integrative health: what’s in a name? Available from: https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/complementary-alternative-or-integrative-health-whats-in-a-name (Accessed 2nd April 2025).
National Cancer Institute (NCI). National institutes of health aromatherapy with essential oils (PDQ®)–health professional version. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/hp/aromatherapy-pdq (Accessed 8th March 2025).
Bhavaniramya S, Vishnupriya S, Al-Aboody MS, et al. Role of essential oils in food safety: antimicrobial and antioxidant applications. Grain Oil Sci. Technol 2. 2019;2(2): 49-55. doi: 10.1016/j.gaost.2019.03.001
Vora LK, Gholap AD, Hatvate NT, et al. Essential oils for clinical aromatherapy: A comprehensive review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2024;330: 118180. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118180
McMullen RL, Dell’Acqua G. History of natural ingredients in cosmetics. Cosmetics. 2023;10(3): 71. doi: 10.3390/cosmetics10030071
King A. Medieval islamicate aromatherapy: Medical perspectives on aromatics and perfumes. The Senses and Society. 2022;17(1): 37-51. doi: 10.1080/17458927.2021.2020606
Solorzano-Santos F, Miranda-Novales M. Essential oils from aromatic herbs as anti-microbial agents. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 2012;23(2): 136–141. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.08.005
Fisher C, Adams J, Hickman L, et al. The use of complementary and alternative medicine by 7427 Australian women with cyclic perimenstrual pain and discomfort: A cross-sectional study. BMC Complementary & Alternative Medicine. 2016;16: 129. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1119-8
Ataseven M. Cerrahi hastalarda aromaterapinin semptom kontrolüne etkileri. İstanbul: Efe Akademi; 2024.
Fung TK, Lau BW, Ngai SP, et al. Therapeutic effect and mechanisms of essential oils in mood disorders: Interaction between the nervous and respiratory systems. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(9): 4844. doi: 10.3390/ijms22094844
Tisserand R, Young R. Essential oil safety. 2nd ed. Edinburgh, UK: Churchill Livingstone; 2014.
Alkanat HÖ. Aromaterapi. Başer M, Taşçı S (eds). Kanıta dayalı rehberleriyle tamamlayıcı ve destekleyici uygulamalar içinde. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Akademisyen Tıp Kitabevi; 2015. p. 42-44.
Sattayakhom A, Wichit S, Koomhin, P. The effects of essential oils on the nervous system: A scoping review. Molecules. 2023; 28(9): 3771. doi: 10.3390/molecules28093771
Cui J, Li M, Wei Y, et al. Inhalation aromatherapy via brain-targeted nasal delivery: Natural volatiles or essential oils on mood disorders. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2022;13: 860043. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.860043
Çalışkan UK, Karakuş MM. Essential oils as skin permeation boosters and their predicted effect mechanisms. J Dermatol & Skin Sci. 2020;2(3): 24-30.
Herman A, Herman AP. Essential oils and their constituents as skin penetration enhancer for transdermal drug delivery: A review. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2015;67(4): 473-485. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12334
Napavichayanun S, Sujarit AS, Pienpinijtham P, et al. Effect of Lavandula angustifolia and Cananga odorata on decrease of blood pressure in high blood pressure volunteers: A randomized controlled trial. Explore. 2024;20(4): 520-526. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.11.013
Ali B, Al-Wabel NA, Shams S, et al. Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 2015;5(8): 601-611. doi: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.05.007
Liao Y, Liu X, Zhang M, et al. Application progress of aromatherapy in perioperative patients. Journal of Intelligent Medicine and Healthcare. 2022;1(1): 1–10. doi: 10.32604/jimh.2022.029848
Murphy AE, Belmont SL, Moriber NA. The use of therapeutic inhaled essential oils (TIEO) as a holistic approach to decrease preoperative anxiety in ERAS gynecological surgery. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2022;37(6): 787-794. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2022.03.002
Akutay S, Başer M. Cerrahi hastalarında görülen ağrı, anksiyete ve uyku sorunlarında aromaterapinin yeri. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;30(3): 360-369. doi: 10.34108/eujhs.1040486
Oh J, Lee W, Ki S, et al. Assessment of preoperative anxiety and influencing factors in patients undergoing elective surgery: An observational cross-sectional study. Medicina. 2024;60(3): 403. doi: 10.3390/medicina60030403
Mulugeta H, Ayana M, Sintayehu M, et al. Preoperative anxiety and associated factors among adult surgical patients in Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot referral hospitals Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Anesthesiology. 2018;18: 155. doi: 10.1186/s12871-018-0619-0
Wang R, Huang X, Wang Y, et al. Non-pharmacologic approaches in preoperative anxiety, a comprehensive review. Frontiers in Public Health. 2022;10: 854673. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.854673
Wotman J, Levinger L, Leung A, et al. The efficacy of lavender aromatherapy in reducing preoperative anxiety in ambulatory surgery patients undergoing procedures in general otolaryngology Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2017;2: 437-441. doi: 10.1002/lio2.121
Genc H, Saritas S. The effects of lavender oil on the anxiety and vital signs of benign prostatic hyperplasia patients in preoperative period. Explore. 2020;16(2): 116-122. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2019.07.008
Shirzad M, Nasiri E, Hesamirostami M, et al. The effect of lavender on anxiety and hemodynamic status before septorhinoplasy and rhinoplasty. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2023;38(1): 45-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2022.05.067
Honig AJ, Galassi MG, Ogungbe OO, et al. Implementation of aromatherapy, a nonpharmacological intervention, to reduce anxiety during the preoperative period. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 2023;38(2): 206-212. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2022.06.011
Qneibi M, Jaradat N, Hawash M, et al. The neuroprotective role of Origanum syriacum L. and Lavandula dentata L. essential oils through their effects on AMPA receptors. BioMed Research International. 2019;(1): 5640173. doi: 10.1155/2019/5640173
Pasyar N, Rambod M, Araghi F. The effect of bergamot orange essence on anxiety, salivary cortisol, and alpha amylase in patients prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A controlled trial study. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2020;39: 10115. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101153
Guo P, Li P, Zhang X, et al. The effectiveness of aromatherapy on preoperative anxiety in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2020;111: 103747. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103747
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