Duanın Cerrahi Bakımda Kullanımı

Yazarlar

Çağla Toprak

Özet

Dünyada ve Türkiye’de cerrahi girişimlere olan gereksinim her geçen gün artmaktadır. Cerrahi semptomların yönetiminde tıbbi yaklaşımların yanı sıra geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp uygulamalarının kullanımı da yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu uygulamalardan biri olan dua terapisi, fiziksel, duygusal ve ruhsal iyileşme amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. Cerrahi hastalarında fiziksel iyileşme süreci, yalnızca tıbbi ve cerrahi girişimlerle sınırlı kalmayıp, psikolojik ve manevi başa etme mekanizması ile yakından ilişkilidir. Bu bağlamda, dua terapisi, cerrahi hemşireliğinde hastaların anksiyete yönetimi, ağrı kontrolü ve iyileşme süreçlerinde tamamlayıcı bir yaklaşım olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Cerrahi hastalarında dua terapisi ameliyat öncesi anksiyete, ağrı gibi semptomların yönetiminde kullanılmaktadır. Bu kitap bölümünde duanın cerrahi hastalarının kaygılarını azaltmadaki ve cerrahi semptomları hafifletmedeki rolünün randomize kontrollü çalışmalarla araştırılması ve literatürdeki kanıt düzeyinin ortaya konması ve sonuçların bilimsel literatüre katkı sağlaması amaçlanmaktadır.

The need for surgical interventions is increasing daily both globally and in Türkiye. The use of traditional and complementary medical practices, along with medical approaches, in the management of surgical symptoms is also becoming increasingly common. One of these practices the prayer therapy, is widely used in physical, emotional, and spiritual healing. The physical healing process in surgical patients is not limited to medical and surgical interventions, but it is also closely linked to psychological and spiritual coping mechanisms. In this context, prayer therapy is considered a complementary approach in surgical nursing for anxiety management, pain control, and the recovery process of patients. Prayer therapy is used in the management of preoperative symptoms such as anxiety and pain in surgical patients. This book chapter aims to investigate the role of prayer in reducing anxiety and alleviating surgical symptoms in surgical patients to demonstrate the level of evidence in the literature, and to contribute to the scientific literature with new outcomes.

Referanslar

Becher RD, Vander Wyk B, Leo-Summers L, et al. The incidence and cumulative risk of major surgery in older persons in the United States. Annals of Surgery. 2023;277(1):87–92. doi:/10.1097/SLA.0000000000005077

Romero-García PA, Ramirez-Perez S, Miguel-González JJ et.al. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) Practices: A narrative review elucidating the impact on healthcare systems, mechanisms and paediatric applications. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland). 2024;12(15):1547. doi: /10.3390/healthcare12151547

National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Complementary, alternative, or integrative health: What’s in a name? 2023. Available from: https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/complementary-alternative-or-integrative-health-whats-in-a-name3 (Accessed 2nd February 2025).

Hakami N. Integrating complementary and alternative medicine in surgical care: A narrative review. Medicine. 2024;103(41):e40117. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040117

Robles B, Upchurch DM, Kuo T. Comparing complementary and alternative medicine use with or without including prayer as a modality in a local and diverse United States jurisdiction. Frontiers in Public Health. 2017; 5: 56. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2017.00056

De-Diego-Cordero R, Velasco-Domínguez C, Aranda-Jerez A et al. The spiritual aspect of pain: An integrative review. Journal of Religion and Health. 2024; 63(1):159–184. doi:10.1007/s10943-023-01890-97

Altuntaş A. “Furkān Sûresinin 77. ȃyetinde geçen ‘dua’ kelimesinin anlamı üzerine”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi.2022; 40:186-217. doi:10.35209/ksuifd.1156334

Cornelius-White J, Kanamori, Y. The correlates and effectiveness of partner-focused prayer: A meta-analysis of relational health. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality,2025; 17(2):71–81. doi:doi.org/10.1037/rel0000508

Bebek A. Toiin ve düşünce açısından dua. İstanbul: Rağbet Yayınları; 1998.

Aydınbaş E. Ankara ili 5 yaş grubu çocuklarda anadilde dua deneyimi ile sosyal davranış ilişkisi üzerine bir inceleme. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi.2019; 10(2): 35-44.doi: 10.33537/sobild.2019.10.2.4

Doufesh H, Ibrahim F, Ismail NA.et al. Effect of Muslim prayer (Salat) on α electroencephalography and its relationship with autonomic nervous system activity. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine .2014;20(7):558-562.

Koenig HG. Religion, spirituality, and health: The research and clinical implications. ISRN psychiatry. 2012; 278730 doi:/10.5402/2012/278730

Lucchese FA, Koenig HG. Religion, spirituality and cardiovascular disease: research, clinical implications, and opportunities in Brazil. Revista brasileira de cirurgia cardiovascular: orgao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular.2013; 28(1):103–128. doi: 10.5935/1678-9741.20130015

Kardaş F, Yalçın İ. Şükran: Ruh Sağlığı Alanında Güncel Bir Kavram. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar.2018;10(1):1-18. doi:10.18863/pgy.334494

Roberts L, Ahmed I, Hall S, et al. Intercessory prayer for the alleviation of ill health. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2009;(2). doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000368.pub3

Brown CG, Mory SC, Williams R, et al. Study of the therapeutic effects of proximal intercessory prayer (STEPP) on auditory and visual impairments in rural Mozambique. South. Med. J. 2010; 103(9): 864–869. doi:10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3181e73fea

Romez C, Zaritzsky D, Brown JW. Case report of gastroparesis healing: 16 years of a chronic syndrome resolved after proximal intercessory prayer. Complement. Ther. Med. 2019; 43: 289–294.doi.10.1016/j.ctim.2019.03.004

Romez C, Freedman K, Zaritzky D, et al. Case report of instantaneous resolution of juvenile macular degeneration blindness after proximal intercessory prayer. Explore. 2021; 17(1): 79–83. doi:0.1016/j.explore.2020.02.011

Leibovici L. Effects of remote, retroactive intercessory prayer on outcomes in patients with bloodstream infection: Randomized controlled trial. BMJ. 2001; 1450. doi:10.1136/bmj.323.7327.1450

Thunström L, Noy S. What we think prayers do: Americans' expectations and valuation of intercessory prayer. PloS one. 2022;17(3): e0265836.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265836.

Saleem S, Sitwat A. Understanding the Dynamics of Divine Forgiveness to resolve Interpersonal Transgressions: An Islamic Perspective. Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences. 2025; 13 (1): 21-31.doi: /10.52131/pjhss.2025.v13i1.2630

Pawlikowski J, Wiechetek M, Sak J et al: Beliefs in Miraculous Healings, Religiosity and Meaning in Life. Religions. 2015; (6): 1113–1124. doi: 10.3390/rel603113

Levin J. Prevalence and religious predictors of healing prayer use in the USA: Findings from the Baylor Religion Survey. J. Relig. Health. 2016; (55): 1136–1158. doi:10.1007/s10943-016-0240-9

Brown CG. Pentecostal healing prayer in an age of evidence-based medicine. Transformation. 2015; 32(1): 1–16. doi:10.1177/0265378814537750

Dein S, Brown CG. Prayers for sickness: What do people pray for and how do they deal with unanswered prayer? F1000Research. 2024;(13):156. doi:10.12688/f1000research.145194.2

Dokur AS, Duran ME. Hastalık ve dua ilişkisine yönelik yapılan çalışmalar üzerine literatür değerlendirmesi (1990-2020). Tevilat. 2021. 2(2):191-208.

Özcan Ş. Yahudi dualarında Kudüs. Hitit Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi.2019;18(35):23-48. doi:10.14395/hititilahiyat.465775

Eş-Şeyhalî SN, Ölmez M. Yahudi ibadetleri namaz: Çeşitleri, vakitleri, duaları ve kılınış şekilleri. Marife Dini Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2018;18(2): 649-664. doi:10.33420/marife.430989.

Katipoğlu B, Katipoğlu M. Duanın psikanalizi. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2017;10 (49): 753-754.doi:/10.33420/marife.430989

Gündüz Ş. Namaz ve Yahudilikteki günlük ibadet. İslami İlimler Dergisi. 2018; 13(2).doi:10.34082/islamiilimler.511589

Truschke A. Hindu: A history. Comparative Studies in Society and History.2023;65(2):246-271

Dinç MH. Zerdüştlük inancı ile hint dinlerindeki ateşe tapınma ve kurban ritüelleri. Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi.2024; 11 (1), 18-42.doi: 10.46868/atdd.2024.645

Daniyarti WD, Thoriq M, Pradana EB, et al. The concept of dhikr in sufism and its practices and benefits in life. Journal Analytica Islamica. 2023;12(2): 287-296. doi: 10.30829/jai.v12i2.18549

Agustono I, Zain NSS. Fazlur Rahman's Perspective On The Concept Of An Islamic State In The Qur’ an. Al Hikmah: Jurnal Studi Keislaman.2023;13 (02): 63-78. doi: 10.36835/hjsk.v13i02.4042

Moulaei K, Haghdoost AA, Bahaadinbeigy K, et al The effect of the holy Quran recitation and listening on anxiety, stress, and depression: A scoping review on outcomes. Health Science Reports. 2023; 6(12), e1751. doi:10.1002/hsr2.1751

Al-Jubouri MBA, Isam SR, Hussein SM et al. Recitation of Quran and music to reduce chemotherapy-induced anxiety among adult patients with cancer: A clinical trial. Nursing Open. 2023;(84), 1606–1614.doi: 10.1002/nop2.78

Meints SM, Mosher C, Rand KL, et al. An experimental investigation of the relationships among race, prayer, and pain. Scandinavian Journal of Pain. 2018; 18(3), 545–553. doi:10.1515/sjpain-2018-0040

Robinson-Lane SG, Vallerand AH. Pain treatment practices of community-dwelling black older adults. Pain Management in Nursing. 2018;9(1): 46–53. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2017.10.009.

Zhang AY, Gary F, Zhu H. Initial evidence of religious practice and belief in depressed African American cancer patients. The Open Nursing Journal. 2013;(7):1-5 doi: 10.2174/1874434601307010001

Sandberg JC, Suerken CK, Quandt SA et al. Self- reported sleep difficulties and self-care strategies among rural older adults. Journal of Evidence- Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine. 2014; 19(1): 36–42. doi: 10.1177/2156587213510005

Dalmida SG, McCoy K, Koenig HG, et al. Examination of the role of religious and psychosocial factors in HIV medication adherence rates. Journal of Religion and Health. 2017;56(6):2144–2161. doi:10.1007/s10943-017-0377-1

Hamilton JB, Kweon L, Brock LB, et al. The use of prayer during life-threatening illness: A connectedness to god, inner-self, and others. Journal of Religion and Health. 2020; 59(4): 1687–1701. doi:10.1007/s10943-019-00809-7

Illueca M, Doolittle BR. The use of prayer in the management of pain: A systematic review. Journal of Religion and Health.2020; 59(2): 681–699. doi: 10.1007/s10943-019-00967-8

de Diego-Cordero R, Acevedo-Aguilera R, Vega-Escaño J, et al. The use of spiritual and religious interventions for the treatment for insomnia: A scoping review. Journal of Religion and Health. 2022;61(1):507–523. doi: 10.1007/s10943-020-01067-8

Mirbagher-Ajorpaz N, Dianati M. The effect of Hajat prayer on the open and hidden anxiety of family members of patients undergoing neurosurgery in Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital. Feyz Med Sci J 2020; 23 (7) :714-719

Rahman FS, Yahya N, Din NMM, et al. The comparative effects of listening to prayer recitation and music therapy intraoperatively on postoperative pain. IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia. 2020; 17(2). doi:10.31436/imjm.v17i2.27

Hidayat AI, Purnawan, I, Mulyaningrat W, et al. Effect of combining dhikr and prayer therapy on pain and vital signs in appendectomy patients: A quasi-experimental study. Journal of Holistic Nursing. 2024;42(1):6–14.doi: 10.1177/08980101231180051

Awaludin S, Nurachmah E, Novitasari D. The effect of combination prayer therapy and education on pre-operative coronary artery bypass graft anxiety. Journal of Holistic Nursing. 2024;42(1):15-23. doi: 10.1177/08980101231176906

Maarof SR, Ahmad CA, Atkins L, et al. The effects of listening to the Qur'an in the postoperative management of the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the day surgery unit. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing.. 2023 38(1), 58–62. doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2022.02.006

Adugbire BA, Aziato L. Surgical patients' perception of spirituality on the outcome of surgery in Northern Ghana. J Holist Nurs. 2020;38(1):19-29. doi: 10.1177/0898010120902916

Dehkordi AH, Fatehi D, Solati K. Analgesic plus prayer versus analgesic alone. Effect of prayer on intensity of postoperative pain, anxiety and physiological indices in surgical patients. A randomized clinical trial. Heroin Addic Relat Clin Problems. 2016, 18(6): 13-20.

Nasiri M, Fayazi S, Ghaderi M, et al. The effect of reciting the word "allah" on pain severity after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: Arandomized clinical trial study in Iran. Anesth Pain Med. 2014;4(5):e23149. doi:10.5812/aapm.23149

Beiranvand S, Noaparast M, Eslamizade N et al. The effects of religion and spirituality on postoperative pain, hemodynamic functioning and anxiety after cesarean section. Acta Med Iran. 2014; 52(12):909-915.

Noormohammadi MR, Hasanpour Dehkordi A,Boroujeni LA. Comparison of the effect of prayer and ginger on the severity of pain and anxiety in inpatients with burn: Palliative care. Przeglad Epidemiologiczny.2021; 75(3): 430–436.doi: 10.32394/pe.75.40

Torki M, Heidari H, Norian K et al. Prayer on the severity of pain in patients undergoing lithotripsy. Journal of Religion and Health.2021; 8(2), 19-27

Benson H, Dusek JA, Sherwood JB et al. Study of the Therapeutic Effects of Intercessory Prayer (STEP) in cardiac bypass patients: A multicenter randomized trial of uncertainty and certainty of receiving intercessory prayer. American Heart Journal. 2006;151(4):934–942. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2005.05.028

Mahkooyeh SA, Dargahi M,Rasad R, et al. The effect of prayer on the hemodynamic status of patients after surgery. International Journal of Medical Investigation.2023; 12(3):104-110.

Schroder DM. Presidential address: Can prayer help surgery? Am J Surg. 2011;201(3):275-278. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2010.08.029

Referanslar

Becher RD, Vander Wyk B, Leo-Summers L, et al. The incidence and cumulative risk of major surgery in older persons in the United States. Annals of Surgery. 2023;277(1):87–92. doi:/10.1097/SLA.0000000000005077

Romero-García PA, Ramirez-Perez S, Miguel-González JJ et.al. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) Practices: A narrative review elucidating the impact on healthcare systems, mechanisms and paediatric applications. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland). 2024;12(15):1547. doi: /10.3390/healthcare12151547

National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Complementary, alternative, or integrative health: What’s in a name? 2023. Available from: https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/complementary-alternative-or-integrative-health-whats-in-a-name3 (Accessed 2nd February 2025).

Hakami N. Integrating complementary and alternative medicine in surgical care: A narrative review. Medicine. 2024;103(41):e40117. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040117

Robles B, Upchurch DM, Kuo T. Comparing complementary and alternative medicine use with or without including prayer as a modality in a local and diverse United States jurisdiction. Frontiers in Public Health. 2017; 5: 56. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2017.00056

De-Diego-Cordero R, Velasco-Domínguez C, Aranda-Jerez A et al. The spiritual aspect of pain: An integrative review. Journal of Religion and Health. 2024; 63(1):159–184. doi:10.1007/s10943-023-01890-97

Altuntaş A. “Furkān Sûresinin 77. ȃyetinde geçen ‘dua’ kelimesinin anlamı üzerine”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi.2022; 40:186-217. doi:10.35209/ksuifd.1156334

Cornelius-White J, Kanamori, Y. The correlates and effectiveness of partner-focused prayer: A meta-analysis of relational health. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality,2025; 17(2):71–81. doi:doi.org/10.1037/rel0000508

Bebek A. Toiin ve düşünce açısından dua. İstanbul: Rağbet Yayınları; 1998.

Aydınbaş E. Ankara ili 5 yaş grubu çocuklarda anadilde dua deneyimi ile sosyal davranış ilişkisi üzerine bir inceleme. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi.2019; 10(2): 35-44.doi: 10.33537/sobild.2019.10.2.4

Doufesh H, Ibrahim F, Ismail NA.et al. Effect of Muslim prayer (Salat) on α electroencephalography and its relationship with autonomic nervous system activity. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine .2014;20(7):558-562.

Koenig HG. Religion, spirituality, and health: The research and clinical implications. ISRN psychiatry. 2012; 278730 doi:/10.5402/2012/278730

Lucchese FA, Koenig HG. Religion, spirituality and cardiovascular disease: research, clinical implications, and opportunities in Brazil. Revista brasileira de cirurgia cardiovascular: orgao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular.2013; 28(1):103–128. doi: 10.5935/1678-9741.20130015

Kardaş F, Yalçın İ. Şükran: Ruh Sağlığı Alanında Güncel Bir Kavram. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar.2018;10(1):1-18. doi:10.18863/pgy.334494

Roberts L, Ahmed I, Hall S, et al. Intercessory prayer for the alleviation of ill health. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2009;(2). doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000368.pub3

Brown CG, Mory SC, Williams R, et al. Study of the therapeutic effects of proximal intercessory prayer (STEPP) on auditory and visual impairments in rural Mozambique. South. Med. J. 2010; 103(9): 864–869. doi:10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3181e73fea

Romez C, Zaritzsky D, Brown JW. Case report of gastroparesis healing: 16 years of a chronic syndrome resolved after proximal intercessory prayer. Complement. Ther. Med. 2019; 43: 289–294.doi.10.1016/j.ctim.2019.03.004

Romez C, Freedman K, Zaritzky D, et al. Case report of instantaneous resolution of juvenile macular degeneration blindness after proximal intercessory prayer. Explore. 2021; 17(1): 79–83. doi:0.1016/j.explore.2020.02.011

Leibovici L. Effects of remote, retroactive intercessory prayer on outcomes in patients with bloodstream infection: Randomized controlled trial. BMJ. 2001; 1450. doi:10.1136/bmj.323.7327.1450

Thunström L, Noy S. What we think prayers do: Americans' expectations and valuation of intercessory prayer. PloS one. 2022;17(3): e0265836.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265836.

Saleem S, Sitwat A. Understanding the Dynamics of Divine Forgiveness to resolve Interpersonal Transgressions: An Islamic Perspective. Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences. 2025; 13 (1): 21-31.doi: /10.52131/pjhss.2025.v13i1.2630

Pawlikowski J, Wiechetek M, Sak J et al: Beliefs in Miraculous Healings, Religiosity and Meaning in Life. Religions. 2015; (6): 1113–1124. doi: 10.3390/rel603113

Levin J. Prevalence and religious predictors of healing prayer use in the USA: Findings from the Baylor Religion Survey. J. Relig. Health. 2016; (55): 1136–1158. doi:10.1007/s10943-016-0240-9

Brown CG. Pentecostal healing prayer in an age of evidence-based medicine. Transformation. 2015; 32(1): 1–16. doi:10.1177/0265378814537750

Dein S, Brown CG. Prayers for sickness: What do people pray for and how do they deal with unanswered prayer? F1000Research. 2024;(13):156. doi:10.12688/f1000research.145194.2

Dokur AS, Duran ME. Hastalık ve dua ilişkisine yönelik yapılan çalışmalar üzerine literatür değerlendirmesi (1990-2020). Tevilat. 2021. 2(2):191-208.

Özcan Ş. Yahudi dualarında Kudüs. Hitit Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi.2019;18(35):23-48. doi:10.14395/hititilahiyat.465775

Eş-Şeyhalî SN, Ölmez M. Yahudi ibadetleri namaz: Çeşitleri, vakitleri, duaları ve kılınış şekilleri. Marife Dini Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2018;18(2): 649-664. doi:10.33420/marife.430989.

Katipoğlu B, Katipoğlu M. Duanın psikanalizi. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2017;10 (49): 753-754.doi:/10.33420/marife.430989

Gündüz Ş. Namaz ve Yahudilikteki günlük ibadet. İslami İlimler Dergisi. 2018; 13(2).doi:10.34082/islamiilimler.511589

Truschke A. Hindu: A history. Comparative Studies in Society and History.2023;65(2):246-271

Dinç MH. Zerdüştlük inancı ile hint dinlerindeki ateşe tapınma ve kurban ritüelleri. Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi.2024; 11 (1), 18-42.doi: 10.46868/atdd.2024.645

Daniyarti WD, Thoriq M, Pradana EB, et al. The concept of dhikr in sufism and its practices and benefits in life. Journal Analytica Islamica. 2023;12(2): 287-296. doi: 10.30829/jai.v12i2.18549

Agustono I, Zain NSS. Fazlur Rahman's Perspective On The Concept Of An Islamic State In The Qur’ an. Al Hikmah: Jurnal Studi Keislaman.2023;13 (02): 63-78. doi: 10.36835/hjsk.v13i02.4042

Moulaei K, Haghdoost AA, Bahaadinbeigy K, et al The effect of the holy Quran recitation and listening on anxiety, stress, and depression: A scoping review on outcomes. Health Science Reports. 2023; 6(12), e1751. doi:10.1002/hsr2.1751

Al-Jubouri MBA, Isam SR, Hussein SM et al. Recitation of Quran and music to reduce chemotherapy-induced anxiety among adult patients with cancer: A clinical trial. Nursing Open. 2023;(84), 1606–1614.doi: 10.1002/nop2.78

Meints SM, Mosher C, Rand KL, et al. An experimental investigation of the relationships among race, prayer, and pain. Scandinavian Journal of Pain. 2018; 18(3), 545–553. doi:10.1515/sjpain-2018-0040

Robinson-Lane SG, Vallerand AH. Pain treatment practices of community-dwelling black older adults. Pain Management in Nursing. 2018;9(1): 46–53. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2017.10.009.

Zhang AY, Gary F, Zhu H. Initial evidence of religious practice and belief in depressed African American cancer patients. The Open Nursing Journal. 2013;(7):1-5 doi: 10.2174/1874434601307010001

Sandberg JC, Suerken CK, Quandt SA et al. Self- reported sleep difficulties and self-care strategies among rural older adults. Journal of Evidence- Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine. 2014; 19(1): 36–42. doi: 10.1177/2156587213510005

Dalmida SG, McCoy K, Koenig HG, et al. Examination of the role of religious and psychosocial factors in HIV medication adherence rates. Journal of Religion and Health. 2017;56(6):2144–2161. doi:10.1007/s10943-017-0377-1

Hamilton JB, Kweon L, Brock LB, et al. The use of prayer during life-threatening illness: A connectedness to god, inner-self, and others. Journal of Religion and Health. 2020; 59(4): 1687–1701. doi:10.1007/s10943-019-00809-7

Illueca M, Doolittle BR. The use of prayer in the management of pain: A systematic review. Journal of Religion and Health.2020; 59(2): 681–699. doi: 10.1007/s10943-019-00967-8

de Diego-Cordero R, Acevedo-Aguilera R, Vega-Escaño J, et al. The use of spiritual and religious interventions for the treatment for insomnia: A scoping review. Journal of Religion and Health. 2022;61(1):507–523. doi: 10.1007/s10943-020-01067-8

Mirbagher-Ajorpaz N, Dianati M. The effect of Hajat prayer on the open and hidden anxiety of family members of patients undergoing neurosurgery in Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital. Feyz Med Sci J 2020; 23 (7) :714-719

Rahman FS, Yahya N, Din NMM, et al. The comparative effects of listening to prayer recitation and music therapy intraoperatively on postoperative pain. IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia. 2020; 17(2). doi:10.31436/imjm.v17i2.27

Hidayat AI, Purnawan, I, Mulyaningrat W, et al. Effect of combining dhikr and prayer therapy on pain and vital signs in appendectomy patients: A quasi-experimental study. Journal of Holistic Nursing. 2024;42(1):6–14.doi: 10.1177/08980101231180051

Awaludin S, Nurachmah E, Novitasari D. The effect of combination prayer therapy and education on pre-operative coronary artery bypass graft anxiety. Journal of Holistic Nursing. 2024;42(1):15-23. doi: 10.1177/08980101231176906

Maarof SR, Ahmad CA, Atkins L, et al. The effects of listening to the Qur'an in the postoperative management of the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the day surgery unit. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing.. 2023 38(1), 58–62. doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2022.02.006

Adugbire BA, Aziato L. Surgical patients' perception of spirituality on the outcome of surgery in Northern Ghana. J Holist Nurs. 2020;38(1):19-29. doi: 10.1177/0898010120902916

Dehkordi AH, Fatehi D, Solati K. Analgesic plus prayer versus analgesic alone. Effect of prayer on intensity of postoperative pain, anxiety and physiological indices in surgical patients. A randomized clinical trial. Heroin Addic Relat Clin Problems. 2016, 18(6): 13-20.

Nasiri M, Fayazi S, Ghaderi M, et al. The effect of reciting the word "allah" on pain severity after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: Arandomized clinical trial study in Iran. Anesth Pain Med. 2014;4(5):e23149. doi:10.5812/aapm.23149

Beiranvand S, Noaparast M, Eslamizade N et al. The effects of religion and spirituality on postoperative pain, hemodynamic functioning and anxiety after cesarean section. Acta Med Iran. 2014; 52(12):909-915.

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