Müziğin Cerrahi Bakımda Kullanımı
Özet
Müzik terapisi, cerrahi bakımda hastaların fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal iyilik halini destekleyen bir geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp modalitesidir. Tarih boyunca müziğin şifa amaçlı kullanımına dair örneklere çeşitli kültür ve dönemlerde rastlanmıştır. Modern dönemde ise müzik terapisi, bilimsel temellere dayalı bir uygulama olarak, özellikle cerrahi hemşireliğinde bir girişim olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırmalar, müzik terapisinin cerrahi sonrası ağrı yönetiminde endorfin salınımını artırarak ağrıyı hafiflettiğini, anksiyete ve stres seviyelerini azaltarak, hastaların daha huzurlu bir iyileşme süreci geçirmesini sağladığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra, uyku düzeninin bozulduğu durumlarda, müzik terapisi hastaların daha kaliteli bir uyku deneyimi yaşamalarına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Ameliyat sonrası geç dönemde fiziksel rehabilitasyona yönelik uygulamalarda ise müzik, hastaların motivasyonunu artırarak tedaviye katılımı desteklemektedir. Cerrahi hemşirelerinin, müzik terapisini klinik uygulamalara entegre ederek hastalara bireyselleştirilmiş ve bütüncül bir bakım sunması önem taşımaktadır. Hemşirelerin bu konudaki bilgi ve becerilerini artıracak eğitim programlarına katılmaları ise terapinin etkinliğini artıracaktır. Müzik terapisi, hasta odaklı cerrahi bakımda uygulanabilecek etkili bir hemşirelik girişimidir.
Music therapy plays a significant role in supporting the physical, psychological, and social well-being of patients within surgical care. Historical evidence shows that music has been used for healing purposes across various cultures and periods. In modern times, music therapy has evolved into a scientifically grounded method, particularly valued as a complementary approach during surgical processes. Studies indicate that music therapy contributes to post-surgical pain management by enhancing endorphin release, thereby reducing pain perception. Additionally, it lowers anxiety and stress levels, helping patients achieve a more peaceful recovery experience. For sleep disturbances commonly observed after surgeries, music therapy facilitates better sleep quality. In physical rehabilitation practices, music boosts patient motivation and encourages active participation in treatment. Surgical nurses are in a pivotal position to integrate the benefits of music therapy into clinical practices, offering personalized and holistic care to patients. Furthermore, training programs designed to enhance nurses' knowledge and skills in this area can significantly improve therapeutic outcomes. Music therapy proves to be an effective tool not only in surgical processes but also in fostering a broader patient-centered care approach.
Referanslar
Güncan Ö, Akdeniz AÖ, Artaç A (eds.). Müzikte teori, performans ve analiz üzerine akademik incelemeler. Lyon: Livre de Lyon; 2025. doi:10.5281/zenodo.17409071
Thompson G. Goal processes in music therapy practice. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers; 2022.
Jacobsen SL, Pedersen IN, Bonde LO. A comprehensive guide to music therapy: Theory, clinical practice, research and training. 2nd ed. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers; 2019.
Lindquist R, Tracy MF, Snyder M (eds.). Complementary therapies in nursing: Promoting integrative care. 9th ed. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2023.
Darwin C. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray; 1871.
Merriam AP. The anthropology of music. Evanston: Northwestern University Press; 1964.
Rouget G. Music and trance: A theory of the relations between music and possession. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1985.
West ML. Ancient Greek music. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1992.
Geller MJ. Ancient Babylonian medicine: Theory and practice. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.
Ferrari GRF (ed.). Plato: The Republic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2000.
Unschuld PU. Medicine in China: A history of ideas. Berkeley: University of California Press; 1985.
Fârâbî. Müzik sanatının büyük kitabı: Kitabul Müsikal Kebir. (Abdullah Kızılcık, Nufer Tercan, Çev. Ed.). İstanbul: Memfis Yayınları; 2025.
Ullmann M. Islamic medicine. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press; 1978. p. 61-65.
Hiley D. Gregorian chant. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2009. p. 51-64.
Morales-Cañadas E. La música de las esferas y la teoría de los humores del cuerpo como base de la psicología actual. Available from: https://philo-music.la-folia.de/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Musica-sideral.pdf (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Horden P. Commentary on part III, with a note on Paracelsus. In: Horden P (ed.) Music as medicine: The history of music therapy since antiquity. Aldershot: Ashgate; 2000. p. 147–153
Brewer CE. Athanasius Kircher and the nature of ecstatic listening. In: George L, Roth M (eds.) Explorations in music and esotericism. Rochester (NY): University of Rochester Press; 2023. p. 41-63. doi:10.1017/9781805430506.004
Bakır S. Geçmişten günümüze müzikle tedavi mekânlari ve günümüzdeki durumu. International Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research (JSHSR). 2025;12(123): 2149-2157. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17469626
Nightingale F. Notes on nursing: What it is, and what it is not. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1992. p.33-34
Martinelli R. History of gestalt psychology and music. In: Coppola W (ed.) Handbook of Gestalt-Theoretical psychology of art. New York: Routledge; 2025. p. 81-103.
American Music Therapy Association. About AMTA. Available from: https://www.musictherapy.org/about/amta/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Irish Association of Humanistic & Integrative Psychotherapy (IAHIP). Guided Imagery through Music (GIM) Bonny Method in Psychotherapy. 2010. Available from: https://iahip.org/page-1075846 (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Certification Board for Music Therapists. Earning the music therapy board certification (MT-BC). Available from: https://www.cbmt.org/candidates/certification/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
World Federation of Music Therapy. About WFMT. Available from: https://www.wfmt.info/about/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
European Music Therapy Confederation. About the EMTC. Available from: https://emtc-eu.com/about-the-emtc/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
British Association for Music Therapy. Music therapy. Available from: https://www.bamt.org/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Australian Music Therapy Association. About AMTA. Available from: https://www.austmta.org.au/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Japanese Music Therapy Association. Welcome to JMTA. Available from: https://www.jmta.jp/en/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Indian Association of Music Therapy. About IAMT. Available from: https://iamt.co.in/about-us/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Müzik Terapi Derneği (MÜZTED). Müzik terapi. (20/01/2026 tarihinde https://www.muzted.org.tr/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Gündüz, K. Müzik terapi dernekleri. Online Journal of Music Sciences. 2020;5(1): 54-76. doi:10.31811/ojomus.734621
Türk Musikisini Araştırma ve Tanıtma Grubu (TÜMATA). Müzik terapi. (20/01/2026 tarihinde https://tumata.com/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
T.C. Resmî Gazete. Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Uygulamaları Yönetmeliği (27 Ekim 2014, Sayı 29158). (20/01/2026 tarihinde https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2014/10/20141027-3.htm adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Whitehead-Pleaux A, Tan X. Cultural intersections in music therapy: music, health, and the person. Gilsum (NH): Barcelona Publishers; 2017. p.476-478
Yang Z, Su Q, Xie J, et al. Music tempo modulates emotional states as revealed through EEG insights. Scientific Reports. 2025;15: 8276. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-92679-1
Türk Musikisini Araştırma ve Tanıtma Grubu (TÜMATA). Türk müziği makamları ve etkileri. (20/01/2026 tarihinde https://tumata.com/turk-muzigi-makamlari-ve-etkileri/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Hall JE. The sense of hearing. In: Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. 13th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2015. p. 673-683.
Christensen E. Music in body and brain. In: Jacobsen SL, Pedersen IN, Bonde LO (eds.) A comprehensive guide to music therapy: Theory, clinical practice, research and training. 2nd ed. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers; 2019. p. 51-64.
Koelsch S, Bradt J. A neuroscientific perspective on pain-reducing effects of music: Implications for music therapy and mental well-being. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2025;1550(1): 71-76. doi:10.1111/nyas.70015
Ligree N, Nanda S, Morwal S, et al. Effect of binaural beat music and noise cancelling headphones on intraoperative anxiety in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia: A randomised controlled study. Indian Journal of Anaesthesia. 2023;67(7): 590-594. doi:10.4103/ija.ija_740_22
Monteiro JLGC, da Silva Barbirato D, Moraes SLD, et al. Does listening to music reduce anxiety and pain in third molar surgery? A systematic review. Clinical Oral Investigations. 2022;26(10): 6079-6086. doi:10.1007/s00784-022-04640-5
Mou Q, Wang X, Xu H, et al. Effects of passive music therapy on anxiety and vital signs in lung cancer patients undergoing peripherally inserted central catheter placement procedure. The Journal of Vascular Access. 2020;21(6): 875-882. doi:10.1177/1129729820908088
Altun Uğraş G, Yıldırım G, Yüksel S, et al. The effect of different music types on patients’ preoperative anxiety: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2018;31: 158-163. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.02.012
Heiderscheit A, Johnson K, Chlan LL. Analysis of preferred music of mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. J Integr Complement Med. 2022;28(6):517-529. doi:10.1089/jicm.2021.0446
Shukla U, Yadav U, Kannan TK, et al. Effect of music therapy on anxiety, stress and sedative requirements in patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia: A randomized controlled study. Cureus. 2024;16(11): e73809. doi:10.7759/cureus.73809
Aris A, Sulaiman S, Hasan MKC. The influence of music therapy on mental well-being among postoperative patients of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Enfermería Clínica. 2019;29(Suppl 2): 16-23. doi:10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.004
Raglio A, Gnesi M, Monti MC, et al. The Music Therapy Session Assessment Scale (MT-SAS): Validation of a new tool for music therapy process evaluation. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy. 2017;24(6): O1547-O1561. doi:10.1002/cpp.2115
McKenna L, Copnell B. Fundamentals of nursing and midwifery research: A practical guide for evidence-based practice. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge; 2024. p.88-92
Graff V, Cai L, Badiola I, Elkassabany NM. Music versus midazolam during preoperative nerve block placements: A prospective randomized controlled study. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine. 2019;44(8): 796-799. doi:10.1136/rapm-2018-100251
Fu VX, Oomens P, Klimek M, et al. The effect of perioperative music on medication requirement and hospital length of stay: A meta-analysis. Annals of Surgery. 2020;272(6): 961-972. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000003506
de Witte M, Spruit A, van Hooren S, et al. Effects of music interventions on stress-related outcomes: A systematic review and two meta-analyses. Health Psychology Review. 2020;14(2): 294-324. doi:10.1080/17437199.2019.1627897
Kakar E, Billar RJ, van Rosmalen J, et al. Music intervention to relieve anxiety and pain in adults undergoing cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Heart. 2021;8(1): e001474. doi:10.1136/openhrt-2020-001474
Petrovsky DV, Ramesh P, McPhillips MV, et al. Effects of music interventions on sleep in older adults: A systematic review. Geriatric Nursing. 2021;42(4): 869-879. doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.04.014
Guerrier G, Bernabei F, Lehmann M, et al. Efficacy of preoperative music intervention on pain and anxiety in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2021;12: 748296. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.748296
Giordano F, Giglio M, Sorrentino I, et al. Effect of preoperative music therapy versus intravenous midazolam on anxiety, sedation and stress in stomatology surgery: A randomized controlled study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023;12(9): 3215. doi:10.3390/jcm12093215
Ezepue CO, Anyatonwu OP, Duru CC, et al. Effects of music on the preoperative and intraoperative anxiety through the assessment of pupil size and vital signs (blood pressure, respiratory, and pulse rates) among cataract surgery patients at UNTH-Enugu. Frontiers in Ophthalmology. 2024;3: 1340752. doi:10.3389/fopht.2023.1340752
Li G, Yu L, Yang Y, et al. Effects of perioperative music therapy on patients with postoperative pain and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine. 2024;30(1): 37-46. doi:10.1089/jicm.2022.0803
Do K, Kawana E, Young K, et al. Effects of music on pain and anxiety during otolaryngology surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. OTO Open. 2024;8(4): e70041. doi:10.1002/oto2.70041
Goel SK, Kim V, Kearns J, et al. Music-based therapy for the treatment of perioperative anxiety and pain: A randomized, prospective clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024;13(20): 6139. doi:10.3390/jcm13206139
Zhang X, Deng C, Zhao H. Novel approach for investigating the effect of music therapy on perioperative anxiety and postoperative satisfaction in elderly patients undergoing lower-limb fracture surgery under intravertebral anesthesia: A prospective clinical study. Noise & Health. 2024;26(122): 312-319. doi:10.4103/nah.nah_47_24
Yan J, Liu J, Wang J, et al. Effects of music therapy on physiological response and anxiety in perioperative ophthalmic patients: A systematic review. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. 2025;25(1): 72. doi:10.1186/s12906-025-04815-z
Pant U, Frishkopf M, Park T, et al. A neurobiological framework for the therapeutic potential of music and sound interventions for post-traumatic stress symptoms in critical illness survivors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(5): 3113. doi:10.3390/ijerph19053113
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Noise-induced hearing loss. Available from: https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/noise-induced-hearing-loss (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Referanslar
Güncan Ö, Akdeniz AÖ, Artaç A (eds.). Müzikte teori, performans ve analiz üzerine akademik incelemeler. Lyon: Livre de Lyon; 2025. doi:10.5281/zenodo.17409071
Thompson G. Goal processes in music therapy practice. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers; 2022.
Jacobsen SL, Pedersen IN, Bonde LO. A comprehensive guide to music therapy: Theory, clinical practice, research and training. 2nd ed. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers; 2019.
Lindquist R, Tracy MF, Snyder M (eds.). Complementary therapies in nursing: Promoting integrative care. 9th ed. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2023.
Darwin C. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray; 1871.
Merriam AP. The anthropology of music. Evanston: Northwestern University Press; 1964.
Rouget G. Music and trance: A theory of the relations between music and possession. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1985.
West ML. Ancient Greek music. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1992.
Geller MJ. Ancient Babylonian medicine: Theory and practice. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.
Ferrari GRF (ed.). Plato: The Republic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2000.
Unschuld PU. Medicine in China: A history of ideas. Berkeley: University of California Press; 1985.
Fârâbî. Müzik sanatının büyük kitabı: Kitabul Müsikal Kebir. (Abdullah Kızılcık, Nufer Tercan, Çev. Ed.). İstanbul: Memfis Yayınları; 2025.
Ullmann M. Islamic medicine. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press; 1978. p. 61-65.
Hiley D. Gregorian chant. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2009. p. 51-64.
Morales-Cañadas E. La música de las esferas y la teoría de los humores del cuerpo como base de la psicología actual. Available from: https://philo-music.la-folia.de/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Musica-sideral.pdf (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Horden P. Commentary on part III, with a note on Paracelsus. In: Horden P (ed.) Music as medicine: The history of music therapy since antiquity. Aldershot: Ashgate; 2000. p. 147–153
Brewer CE. Athanasius Kircher and the nature of ecstatic listening. In: George L, Roth M (eds.) Explorations in music and esotericism. Rochester (NY): University of Rochester Press; 2023. p. 41-63. doi:10.1017/9781805430506.004
Bakır S. Geçmişten günümüze müzikle tedavi mekânlari ve günümüzdeki durumu. International Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research (JSHSR). 2025;12(123): 2149-2157. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17469626
Nightingale F. Notes on nursing: What it is, and what it is not. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1992. p.33-34
Martinelli R. History of gestalt psychology and music. In: Coppola W (ed.) Handbook of Gestalt-Theoretical psychology of art. New York: Routledge; 2025. p. 81-103.
American Music Therapy Association. About AMTA. Available from: https://www.musictherapy.org/about/amta/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Irish Association of Humanistic & Integrative Psychotherapy (IAHIP). Guided Imagery through Music (GIM) Bonny Method in Psychotherapy. 2010. Available from: https://iahip.org/page-1075846 (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Certification Board for Music Therapists. Earning the music therapy board certification (MT-BC). Available from: https://www.cbmt.org/candidates/certification/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
World Federation of Music Therapy. About WFMT. Available from: https://www.wfmt.info/about/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
European Music Therapy Confederation. About the EMTC. Available from: https://emtc-eu.com/about-the-emtc/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
British Association for Music Therapy. Music therapy. Available from: https://www.bamt.org/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Australian Music Therapy Association. About AMTA. Available from: https://www.austmta.org.au/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Japanese Music Therapy Association. Welcome to JMTA. Available from: https://www.jmta.jp/en/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Indian Association of Music Therapy. About IAMT. Available from: https://iamt.co.in/about-us/ (Accessed 20th January 2026).
Müzik Terapi Derneği (MÜZTED). Müzik terapi. (20/01/2026 tarihinde https://www.muzted.org.tr/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Gündüz, K. Müzik terapi dernekleri. Online Journal of Music Sciences. 2020;5(1): 54-76. doi:10.31811/ojomus.734621
Türk Musikisini Araştırma ve Tanıtma Grubu (TÜMATA). Müzik terapi. (20/01/2026 tarihinde https://tumata.com/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
T.C. Resmî Gazete. Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Uygulamaları Yönetmeliği (27 Ekim 2014, Sayı 29158). (20/01/2026 tarihinde https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2014/10/20141027-3.htm adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Whitehead-Pleaux A, Tan X. Cultural intersections in music therapy: music, health, and the person. Gilsum (NH): Barcelona Publishers; 2017. p.476-478
Yang Z, Su Q, Xie J, et al. Music tempo modulates emotional states as revealed through EEG insights. Scientific Reports. 2025;15: 8276. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-92679-1
Türk Musikisini Araştırma ve Tanıtma Grubu (TÜMATA). Türk müziği makamları ve etkileri. (20/01/2026 tarihinde https://tumata.com/turk-muzigi-makamlari-ve-etkileri/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Hall JE. The sense of hearing. In: Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. 13th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2015. p. 673-683.
Christensen E. Music in body and brain. In: Jacobsen SL, Pedersen IN, Bonde LO (eds.) A comprehensive guide to music therapy: Theory, clinical practice, research and training. 2nd ed. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers; 2019. p. 51-64.
Koelsch S, Bradt J. A neuroscientific perspective on pain-reducing effects of music: Implications for music therapy and mental well-being. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2025;1550(1): 71-76. doi:10.1111/nyas.70015
Ligree N, Nanda S, Morwal S, et al. Effect of binaural beat music and noise cancelling headphones on intraoperative anxiety in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia: A randomised controlled study. Indian Journal of Anaesthesia. 2023;67(7): 590-594. doi:10.4103/ija.ija_740_22
Monteiro JLGC, da Silva Barbirato D, Moraes SLD, et al. Does listening to music reduce anxiety and pain in third molar surgery? A systematic review. Clinical Oral Investigations. 2022;26(10): 6079-6086. doi:10.1007/s00784-022-04640-5
Mou Q, Wang X, Xu H, et al. Effects of passive music therapy on anxiety and vital signs in lung cancer patients undergoing peripherally inserted central catheter placement procedure. The Journal of Vascular Access. 2020;21(6): 875-882. doi:10.1177/1129729820908088
Altun Uğraş G, Yıldırım G, Yüksel S, et al. The effect of different music types on patients’ preoperative anxiety: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2018;31: 158-163. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.02.012
Heiderscheit A, Johnson K, Chlan LL. Analysis of preferred music of mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. J Integr Complement Med. 2022;28(6):517-529. doi:10.1089/jicm.2021.0446
Shukla U, Yadav U, Kannan TK, et al. Effect of music therapy on anxiety, stress and sedative requirements in patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia: A randomized controlled study. Cureus. 2024;16(11): e73809. doi:10.7759/cureus.73809
Aris A, Sulaiman S, Hasan MKC. The influence of music therapy on mental well-being among postoperative patients of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Enfermería Clínica. 2019;29(Suppl 2): 16-23. doi:10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.004
Raglio A, Gnesi M, Monti MC, et al. The Music Therapy Session Assessment Scale (MT-SAS): Validation of a new tool for music therapy process evaluation. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy. 2017;24(6): O1547-O1561. doi:10.1002/cpp.2115
McKenna L, Copnell B. Fundamentals of nursing and midwifery research: A practical guide for evidence-based practice. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge; 2024. p.88-92
Graff V, Cai L, Badiola I, Elkassabany NM. Music versus midazolam during preoperative nerve block placements: A prospective randomized controlled study. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine. 2019;44(8): 796-799. doi:10.1136/rapm-2018-100251
Fu VX, Oomens P, Klimek M, et al. The effect of perioperative music on medication requirement and hospital length of stay: A meta-analysis. Annals of Surgery. 2020;272(6): 961-972. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000003506
de Witte M, Spruit A, van Hooren S, et al. Effects of music interventions on stress-related outcomes: A systematic review and two meta-analyses. Health Psychology Review. 2020;14(2): 294-324. doi:10.1080/17437199.2019.1627897
Kakar E, Billar RJ, van Rosmalen J, et al. Music intervention to relieve anxiety and pain in adults undergoing cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Heart. 2021;8(1): e001474. doi:10.1136/openhrt-2020-001474
Petrovsky DV, Ramesh P, McPhillips MV, et al. Effects of music interventions on sleep in older adults: A systematic review. Geriatric Nursing. 2021;42(4): 869-879. doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.04.014
Guerrier G, Bernabei F, Lehmann M, et al. Efficacy of preoperative music intervention on pain and anxiety in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2021;12: 748296. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.748296
Giordano F, Giglio M, Sorrentino I, et al. Effect of preoperative music therapy versus intravenous midazolam on anxiety, sedation and stress in stomatology surgery: A randomized controlled study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023;12(9): 3215. doi:10.3390/jcm12093215
Ezepue CO, Anyatonwu OP, Duru CC, et al. Effects of music on the preoperative and intraoperative anxiety through the assessment of pupil size and vital signs (blood pressure, respiratory, and pulse rates) among cataract surgery patients at UNTH-Enugu. Frontiers in Ophthalmology. 2024;3: 1340752. doi:10.3389/fopht.2023.1340752
Li G, Yu L, Yang Y, et al. Effects of perioperative music therapy on patients with postoperative pain and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine. 2024;30(1): 37-46. doi:10.1089/jicm.2022.0803
Do K, Kawana E, Young K, et al. Effects of music on pain and anxiety during otolaryngology surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. OTO Open. 2024;8(4): e70041. doi:10.1002/oto2.70041
Goel SK, Kim V, Kearns J, et al. Music-based therapy for the treatment of perioperative anxiety and pain: A randomized, prospective clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024;13(20): 6139. doi:10.3390/jcm13206139
Zhang X, Deng C, Zhao H. Novel approach for investigating the effect of music therapy on perioperative anxiety and postoperative satisfaction in elderly patients undergoing lower-limb fracture surgery under intravertebral anesthesia: A prospective clinical study. Noise & Health. 2024;26(122): 312-319. doi:10.4103/nah.nah_47_24
Yan J, Liu J, Wang J, et al. Effects of music therapy on physiological response and anxiety in perioperative ophthalmic patients: A systematic review. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. 2025;25(1): 72. doi:10.1186/s12906-025-04815-z
Pant U, Frishkopf M, Park T, et al. A neurobiological framework for the therapeutic potential of music and sound interventions for post-traumatic stress symptoms in critical illness survivors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(5): 3113. doi:10.3390/ijerph19053113
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Noise-induced hearing loss. Available from: https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/noise-induced-hearing-loss (Accessed 20th January 2026).
