Parmak İzi İncelemelerinde Bilimsel Geçerlilik: Metodolojik Standartlar, Kalite Güvencesi ve Akreditasyon Gereklilikleri
Özet
Parmak izi incelemeleri, adli bilimlerde kimliklendirme süreçlerinin en köklü ve en yaygın kullanılan yöntemlerinden biri olup, bu incelemelerin adli değerinin sürdürülebilirliği doğrudan bilimsel geçerlilik ve kalite güvencesi ilkelerine dayanmaktadır. Bu bölümde, parmak izi incelemelerine özgü metodolojik standartların önemi, kalite yönetim sistemlerinin işlevi ve akreditasyon süreçlerinin adli güvenilirlik üzerindeki belirleyici rolü bütüncül bir yaklaşımla ele alınmaktadır. Uluslararası standartlar doğrultusunda yürütülen inceleme ve analiz süreçlerinin, yalnızca teknik doğruluğu sağlamadığı; aynı zamanda tarafsızlık, izlenebilirlik ve raporlama şeffaflığını da güçlendirdiği vurgulanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda ISO/IEC 17020, ISO/IEC 17025 ve ISO 21043 standartları, öncelikle kavramsal ve yapısal temelleri çerçevesinde değerlendirilmekte; ardından bu standartların parmak izi incelemeleri özelinde metodolojik entegrasyonu ve uygulamaya yönelik katkıları ayrıntılı biçimde tartışılmaktadır. Bölümde ayrıca, kalite güvencesi mekanizmalarının adli karar süreçlerine olan yansımaları incelenerek, metodolojik tutarlılığın ve standartlara dayalı uygulamaların adalet sistemine olan katkısı ortaya konulmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, parmak izi incelemelerinde bilimsel temellere dayalı, sürdürülebilir ve denetlenebilir bir yaklaşımın gerekliliği vurgulanmaktadır.
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