Latent Parmak İzlerinden Adli Dna Profilleme: Moleküler İzler Üzerine Entegre Yaklaşımlar
Özet
Dokunma sonucu yüzeylere aktarılan biyolojik materyal, adli incelemelerde hem DNA hem de latent parmak izi açısından önemli bir potansiyel taşımaktadır. Bu tür delillerde yüzeye temasla birlikte yalnızca papil hatları değil, aynı zamanda hücresel materyal de aktarılmakta ve bu durum biyolojik analiz ile daktiloskopik incelemenin birlikte değerlendirilmesini gerekli kılmaktadır. Dokunma DNA’sının miktarı ve analitik başarısı, bireysel farklılıkların yanı sıra temasın niteliği ve delilin maruz kaldığı çevresel koşullara bağlı olarak önemli ölçüde değişkenlik göstermektedir. Genellikle düşük ve eser düzeyde bulunan bu DNA, delil işleme basamaklarında kayba son derece açıktır. Parmak izi geliştirme ve yüzeyden kaldırma işlemlerinde kullanılan yöntemler, DNA bütünlüğünü ve verimini doğrudan etkileyebilmekte; uygun olmayan uygulamalar çapraz bulaş ve analiz güçlüklerine yol açabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, parmak izi ve DNA incelemelerinin bir arada yürütüldüğü durumlarda örnekleme sırası, kullanılan svap türleri ve izolasyon yöntemlerinin etkinliği kritik önem taşımaktadır. Delil işleme süreçlerinin optimize edilmesi, biyolojik materyalin korunmasını ve DNA veriminin artırılmasını sağlayarak dokunma DNA’sının adli bağlamda daha güvenilir ve yorumlanabilir bir delil türü olarak kullanılmasına katkı sunmaktadır.
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