Gynecologi̇cal Cancers and Exerci̇se
Özet
Gynecological cancers, including endometrial, cervical, ovarian, tubal, vulvar, and vaginal malignancies, represent a significant subset of female malignancies. Accumulating evidence suggests that physical exercise exerts protective effects against cancer development, enhances treatment efficacy, and improves psychosocial outcomes in cancer patients. Exercise modulates systemic physiological processes such as glucose metabolism, insulin signaling, mitochondrial biogenesis, angiogenesis, and cytokine profiles, thereby impacting tumor progression and the tumor microenvironment. In endometrial cancer, regular physical activity has been associated with reduced incidence, lower recurrence rates, and improved disease-free survival. Exercise also supports immune function, alleviates treatment-related fatigue, and enhances quality of life across cervical and ovarian cancer populations. While research on vulvar and vaginal cancers remains limited, the systemic benefits of exercise suggest potential positive effects. Overall, aerobic and resistance training interventions appear beneficial; however, further high-quality studies are warranted to determine optimal exercise types, dosages, and individualized regimens for women with gynecological cancers.
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