Enfeksiyona Eğilim ve Kanıta Dayalı Tedavi Bakım Uygulamaları
Özet
Bu bölüm, son dönem böbrek yetmezliği nedeniyle hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hastalarda enfeksiyona eğilimi, nedenlerini ve önleme stratejilerini ele almaktadır. Hemodiyaliz, hastaların yaşam süresini uzatmak ile birlikte enfeksiyon riskini artırmakta; bağışıklık sistemi disfonksiyonu, vasküler erişim gereksinimi, kontamine ekipmanlar ve hastane maruziyeti bu eğilimi güçlendirmektedir. Vasküler erişim ilişkili kan dolaşımı enfeksiyonları, pnömoni ve HBV, HCV, HIV gibi viral enfeksiyonlar başlıca morbidite ve mortalite nedenleridir. Kanıta dayalı enfeksiyon kontrol önlemleri; el hijyeni, personel ve hasta eğitimi, izolasyon stratejileri, aseptik teknikler, su arıtımı, atık yönetimi ve aşılamayı içerir. Uluslararası kılavuzlara uyum, düzenli izlem ve multidisipliner eğitim, enfeksiyon riskini azaltmada kritik öneme sahiptir.
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