Göğüs ve Sırt Ağrısı ve Kanıta Dayalı Tedavi Bakım Uygulamaları
Özet
Son dönem böbrek yetmezliği tanısı alan bireyler için en sık uygulanan renal replasman tedavilerinden biri hemodiyalizdir. Hemodiyaliz hastadan alınan kanın bir membran aracılığı ve bir makine yardımı ile sıvı ve solüt içeriğinin düzenlenmesidir. Bu tedavi yöntemi ile böbrek yetmezliğine bağlı belirti ve bulgular kontrol altına alınmaktadır. Hemodiyaliz işlemi esnasında ve sonrasında birçok komplikasyon ortaya çıkabilir. Komplikasyonlar arasında hipotansiyon, kas krampları, bulantı ve kusma, kaşıntı, enfeksiyonlar, baş ağrısı, göğüs ağrısı, sırt ağrısı, depresyon, anksiyete ve uyku sorunları en sık karşılaşılan sorunlardır. Ağrı vücudun zarar görme ya da tehdit anında verdiği bir uyarı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Hoş olmayan duygusal bir durumdur. Ağrı nedeniyle hastaların günlük aktiviteleri etkilenebilmekte ve yaşam kalitelerinde azalma görülebilir. Hemodiyaliz işlemi esnasında hasta ile birebir ilgilenen hemşirelere önemli roller düşmektedir. Hastada ağrıya neden olabilecek sorunların saptanabilmesi önemlidir. Bu sorunların saptanması ağrı yönetiminde etkilidir. Göğüs ve sırt ağrısının etkin bir şekilde yönetiminin sağlanması sonucu bireylerin yaşam kalitelerinde iyileşme görülebilmektedir. Bu bölümde hemodiyaliz hastalarında göğüs ve sırt ağrısının yönetiminde kanıt temelli yaklaşımlar ele alınmaktadır.
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