Gönüllü Yönetimi ve Sosyal Hizmet

Özet

Bu çalışma, modern anlamda sivil toplum kuruluşlarının (STK) yaygınlaşmasıyla görünür hale gelen gönüllülük kavramını ele almaktadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı, gönüllü yönetiminin kavramsal çerçevesini çizmek, sosyal hizmet alanındaki karşılığını belirlemek ve gönüllü yönetimine dair yeni eğilimleri ortaya koymaktır. Gönüllü yönetimi, klasik yönetim fonksiyonları olan planlama, örgütleme, yürütme, koordinasyon ve denetim süreçleri çerçevesinde ele alınmakta; bu bağlamda gönüllülerin zamanının etkin kullanılmasının temel etik yükümlülüklerden biri olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Anlık, dönemsel, sürekli, zorunlu/marjinal veya sanal gönüllüler gibi farklı gönüllü profillerinin varlığı, örgütler açısından gönüllü bağlılığını sürdürme, motivasyonun sürekliliğini sağlama ve tükenmişliğin önlenmesi gibi yönetsel güçlükleri beraberinde getirmektedir. Gönüllü yönetimindeki güncel eğilimlerin başında eğitim ve dijitalleşme (e-gönüllülük) gelmektedir. Ancak bu süreç, mahremiyet, teknolojiye erişimdeki eşitsizlikler ve gönüllü kaybı gibi sorun alanlarını da beraberinde getirmektedir. Sosyal hizmet alanındaki uygulamalarda, gönüllü yönetiminin başarısı ise motivasyon, eğitim ve entegrasyon (uyum) dinamiklerine bağlıdır. Türkiye’de Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı ve yerel yönetimler, gönüllüleri sosyal hizmet uygulamalarına dâhil ederek toplumsal seferberliği ve hizmetlerin etkinliğini artırmayı hedeflemektedir.

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