Sindirilmemiş Dışkı Atma (Malabsorption Syndrome)
Özet
Sindirilmemiş dışkı atma (malabsorpsiyon sendromu), etlik piliçlerde yem parçacıklarının sindirilmeden dışkıyla atıldığı, büyüme geriliği ve performans kaybıyla seyreden çok etkenli bir bozukluktur. Bu sorun; reovirüs ve astrovirüs gibi enterik virüsler, koksidiyoz gibi paraziter enfeksiyonlar, Clostridium perfringens kaynaklı nekrotik enterit ile uygunsuz yem bileşimi (yüksek çözünür lif, okside yağ, mikotoksin vb.) ve çevresel stres faktörlerinin (sıcaklık stresi, su kalitesi, hijyen eksikliği) bir arada etkimesi sonucu ortaya çıkar. Klinik tabloda ishal, dışkıda sindirilmemiş yem parçaları (feed passage), bodurluk, tüylenme bozuklukları, solgunluk ve sürüde uniformite kaybı tipiktir. Tanı, dışkıda yem gözlemi ve büyüme geriliği gibi saha bulgularının yanı sıra gerektiğinde laboratuvar testleri (patojen PCR taramaları, dışkı ve histopatolojik incelemeler) ile desteklenir. Tedavi ve korunmada entegre yaklaşım şarttır. Enterik enfeksiyonların (viral, koksidiyal, bakteriyel) aşılama veya ilaçlarla kontrolü, yemin sindirilebilirliğini artıracak düzenlemeler (düşük NSP’li formülasyon, enzim ilavesi, taze yağ kullanımı, mikotoksin bağlayıcılar) ve probiyotik, organik asit gibi bağırsak destekleyici katkılar uygulanmalıdır. Ayrıca sıcaklık stresinin azaltılması, uygun su ve hijyen koşullarının sağlanmasıyla bağırsak bütünlüğü korunarak sendromun önlenmesi mümkündür.
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