Nörolojik Engelli Bireylerde Kanıta Dayalı Değerlendirme Prensipleri: Üst Ekstremite
Özet
Erişkin nörolojik engelli bireylerde üst ekstremite fonksiyonlarının değerlendirilmesi, rehabilitasyonun temel aşamalarından biridir ve bireyin günlük yaşam aktivitelerine katılımını belirleyen kritik bir unsurdur. Bu değerlendirme sürecinde ICF modeli; vücut fonksiyonları, aktivite, katılım ve bağlamsal faktörleri bir araya getirerek klinisyene bütüncül bir çerçeve sunar. Kanıt düzeyi yüksek ölçekler (FMA-UE, ARAT, WMFT, 9HPT, DASH, ABILHAND vb.) motor kontrol, duyusal işlev, el becerileri ve öz bildirim temelli işlevselliği kapsamlı biçimde değerlendirmeye olanak tanır. Geleneksel ölçeklerin yanında giyilebilir IMU sensörleri ve işaretleyicisiz hareket yakalama sistemleri gibi yeni teknolojiler, hareket kalitesini ve telafi mekanizmalarını daha hassas biçimde analiz ederek objektif veri sağlar. Literatür, bu teknolojilerin birçok klinik ölçümle anlamlı ilişkiler gösterdiğini ve rehabilitasyon süreçlerinde ek bilgi sunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Tüm bu yöntemlerin entegrasyonu, daha doğru klinik karar verme, hedefe yönelik tedavi planlama ve üst ekstremite işlevinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik daha etkili yaklaşımlar geliştirilmesini mümkün kılar.
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