Üriner İnkontinansda Değerlendirme ve Tedavi Yöntemleri
Özet
Bu bölüm, üriner inkontinansın tanımı, epidemiyolojisi, risk faktörleri, sınıflandırılması, değerlendirilmesi ve güncel tedavi yaklaşımlarını kapsamlı biçimde ele almaktadır. Üriner inkontinans; yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkileyen, fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal boyutları olan önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Bölümde, yaş, cinsiyet, gebelik, doğum, menopoz, obezite, sigara tüketimi, kronik konstipasyon ve pelvik cerrahi gibi başlıca risk faktörleri ayrıntılı olarak açıklanmakta; stres, sıkışma ve mikst tip inkontinansın klinik özellikleri net bir şekilde tanımlanmaktadır. Değerlendirme aşamasında anamnez, işeme günlüğü, anketler, fizik muayene, laboratuvar testleri ve ürodinamik incelemelerin rolü vurgulanmaktadır. Tedavi bölümünde ise yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri, mesane eğitimi, pelvik taban kas eğitimi, farmakolojik tedaviler ve cerrahi seçenekler bilimsel kanıtlar ışığında sunulmaktadır. Bölüm, hem klinisyenlere hem de araştırmacılara, üriner inkontinansın bütüncül ve kanıta dayalı yönetimi konusunda güncel bir rehber niteliği taşımaktadır.
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