Migrende Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon
Özet
Migren, sık karşılaşılan primer baş ağrısı tiplerinden biri olup önemli düzeyde engelliliğe ve yaşam kalitesinde kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Literatür incelendiğinde, migrenli bireylerde servikal hareket açıklığında azalma, tetik nokta artışı ve ileri baş postürü gibi kas-iskelet sistemi disfonksiyonlarının yanı sıra nörosensoriyel ve vestibüler değişikliklerin yüksek oranda görüldüğü bildirilmektedir. Ağrı eşiğinde azalma, allodini ve santral sensitizasyonun yaygın olması, migrenin yalnızca nörolojik bir hastalık değil, multisistem etkileri bulunan kompleks bir durum olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Medikal tedavinin yan etkileri veya bazı bireylerde sınırlı etkililiği nedeniyle konservatif yaklaşımlara yönelik ilgi giderek artmış; fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon uygulamaları güvenli ve etkili tamamlayıcı seçenekler arasında konumlanmıştır. Postür eğitimi, egzersiz eğitimi, manuel tedavi yaklaşımları, gevşeme ve solunum eğitimi, nörosensoriyel eğitim ve ağrı modülasyonu, vestibüler ve sensoriomotor eğitim gibi yöntemlerin migren semptomlarını azaltmada ve fonksiyonel kapasiteyi artırmada önemli katkılar sağladığı gösterilmiştir. Dolayısıyla, mevcut kanıtlar fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyonun multidisipliner migren yönetiminde temel bir bileşen olduğunu göstermektedir.
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