Gesneriaceae (Achimenes, Episcia, Gesneria, Sinningia, Saintpaulia)

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P., & Clark, J. L. (2021). Gesneriaceae. In Guide to the genera of lianas and climbing plants in the Neotropics. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323497089 [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025a). Achimenes. https://identify.plantnet.org/tr/k-worldflora/species/Achimenes%20longiflora%20DC./data [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025b). Achimenes Purple Kimono: Achimenes double imported flower bulbs (Purple Kimono) – Radhakrishnaagriculture. https://radhakrishnaagriculture.com [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025c). How to grow Achimenes bulbs step by step. https://beejwala.com/blogs/gardening-tips/how-to-grow-achimenes-bulbs-step-by-step?srsltid=AfmBOopiypTm_PCicYgL08Wlr9P37c4UL1086T4N0oi4XKfhtMUAkkUO [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025d). Achimenes. https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/achimenes/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025e). Achimenes planting guide. https://www.easytogrowbulbs.com/pages/achimenes-planting-guide?srsltid=AfmBOor3HwzknWRYy1dYgfkiFryRLoS0SLjALMYaEnk2I2mz1z6beLil [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025f). Achimenes. https://www.guide-to-houseplants.com/achimenes.html [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025g). Achimenes grandiflora. https://earthone.io/plant/achimenes%20grandiflora?srsltid=AfmBOopvSo9B4lFnavUmMeijoPTUl8Yvvc9zkaLBVZxCfeHCCi4XgNG0 [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025h). Achimenes. https://growingwithplants.com/2007/11/achimenes/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025i). Episcia cupreata .https://www.uaex.uada.edu/yard-garden/resource-library/plant-week/Episcia-cupreata-Flame-Violet-03-22-2019.aspx [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025j). Episcia cupreata. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:380772-1 [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025k). Episcia cupreata – Alev menekşesi (Episkiya). https://azbitki.com/episcia-cupreata-alev-meneksesi-episkiya [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025l). Episcia. https://www.violetbarn.com/episcia-c10.html?page=all [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025m). Flame violet (Episcia cupreata): All you need to know. https://www.gardenia.net/plant/episcia-cupreata-flame-violet-grow-care-guide [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025n). Episcia. https://gesneriads.info/gesneriad-genera/episcia/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025o). Episcia description. https://club.global.flowers/en/episcia/description [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025p). Episcia – Know more about flame violets. https://housing.com/news/episcia-know-more-about-flame-violets/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025q). Episcia. https://zimmerpflanzen.ws/schattenroehre-episcia/#google_vignette [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025r). Episcia. https://tumbleweedplants.com/pages/plant-glossary-episcia [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025s). Episcia cupreata. https://primexgardencenter.com/plant-care-sheets/episcia-cupriata/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025t). Gesneria. https://gesneriads.info/gesneriad-genera/gesneria/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025u). Gesneria: Home care, photo with species, reproduction. https://zelenypodokonnik.ru/en/gesneriaceae/2238-gesneria-2 [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025v). Gesneriad. https://www.chicagobotanic.org/sites/default/files/pdf/plantinfo/gesneriad.pdf [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025w). Gesneriad culture. https://gesneriadsociety.org/resources/gesneriad-culture [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025y). Gesneria. https://plants-en.desigusxpro.com/gesneriya.html [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025z). Sinningia speciosa – History in horticulture. Gesneriad Reference Web. https://gesneriads.info/articles/the-sinningia-alliance/sinningia-speciosa-history-in-horticulture/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025aa). Sinningia. https://gesneriads.info/gesneriad-genera/sinningia/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025ab). Sinningia. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17217-1 [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025ac). Gesneriaceae. https://www.britannica.com/plant/Gesneriaceae [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025ad). Sinningia. http://www.genera-gesneriaceae.at/genera/sinningia.htm [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025ae). Sinningia speciosa. https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/sinningia-speciosa/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025af). Sinningia. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17217-1 [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025ag). Sinningia. https://savvygardening.com/sinningia/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025ah). Sinningia – Gloxinia plants. https://www.sunnyplants.com/product-category/plants/succulents/sinningia-gloxinia-plants?srsltid=AfmBOoqPl7espytsjH7mHSTtL9eG5az1x8dT_dys3_tBVVIsHmBAt93p [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025ai). Sinningia yetiştiriciliği. MEGEP. http://www.megep.meb.gov.tr [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025aj). How to grow and care gloxinia? https://www.gardenia.net/plant/sinningia-speciosa-florist-gloxinia-grow-care-guide [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025ak). Sinningia. https://www.violetbarn.com/sinningia.html [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025al). Saintpaulia. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17229-1 ve https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17204-1 [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025an). African violet. https://www.britannica.com/plant/African-violet [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025ao). African violet. https://espacepourlavie.ca/en/green-pages/african-violet [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025ap). Afrika menekşesi türlerinin kökeni – Saintpaulia. https://www.waavsinc.com/origins-of-saintpaulia.html [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025ar). Saintpaulia. https://www.botanicalinsight.com/saintpaulia/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025as). Streptocarpus sect. Saintpaulia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptocarpus_sect._Saintpaulia [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025at). Saintpaulia. https://www.bcf.com.tr/saintpaulia/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025au). Saintpaulia. https://gesneriads.info/articles/saintpaulia/saintpaulia/ [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025av). African violet. https://www.ourhouseplants.com/plants/african-violet [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025aw). Saintpaulia yetiştiriciliği. MEGEP. http://www.megep.meb.gov.tr [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Anonim. (2025az). http://tuncbotanik.com/urun/afrika-meneksesi-10-adet-1186 [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Burtt, B. L. (1956). Sinningia eumorpha. Botanical Magazine, 171, Plate 278.

Burtt, B. L., & Wiehler, H. (1995). Classification of the family Gesneriaceae. Gesneriana, 1, 1–4.

Cantor, M., Stana, D., & Pop, I. (2004). Streptocarpus – Flowering pot plant – Propagation and culture. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 32, 15–18.

Clark, J. L., Funke, M. M., Duffy, A. M., & Smith, J. F. (2012). Phylogeny of a neotropical clade in the Gesneriaceae: More tales of convergent evolution. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 173, 894–916. https://doi.org/10.1086/667229

Clark, J. L., Skog, L. E., Boggan, J. K., & Ginzbarg, S. (2020). Index to names of New World members of the Gesneriaceae (subfamilies Sanangoideae and Gesnerioideae). Journal of the Indian Association for Angiosperm Taxonomy, 30(1), 190–256.

Culbert, J. R., & Hickman, D. (1914). African violets. Cooperative Extension Work, University of Illinois, College of Agriculture, and U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Circular 942.

Çakın, I. (2015). Afrika menekşesi (Saintpaulia ionantha) bitkisinde protoplast izolasyonu, füzyonu ve rejenerasyonların sağlanması (Yüksek lisans tezi). Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir, Türkiye.

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Harbaugh, B. K., Waters, W. E., & Price, J. F. (1981). Influence of nutrition, propagation techniques, light intensity, and insecticides on Episcia cupreata. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 106(3), 344–348.

Jungbauer, J. (1977). Eine wunderschöne Pflanze, die keiner kultivieren will. Gb+Gw, 26.

Kolehmainen, J. (2008). Ecology, population genetics and conservation of the African violet (Saintpaulia, Gesneriaceae) (Doctoral dissertation). University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Mason, J. (2017). Gesneriads – African violets, gloxinias, Streptocarpus and others. ACS Distance Education. ISBN: 978-0-9954356-8-1.

Mercuri, A., De Benedetti, L., Burchi, G., & Schiva, T. (2000). Agrobacterium mediated transformation of African violet. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 60, 39–46.

Moore, H. E., Jr. (1957). Gesneriads with scaly rhizomes. In African violets, gloxinias and their relatives (pp. 99–113). New York, NY: The Macmillan Company.

Möller, M., & Clark, J. L. (2013). The state of molecular studies in the family Gesneriaceae: A review. Selbyana, 31(2), 95–125.

Möller, M., Nampy, S., Janeesha, A. P., & Weber, A. (2017). The Gesneriaceae of India: Consequences of updated generic concepts and new family classification. Rheeda, 27(1), 23–41. https://doi.org/10.22244/rheeda.2017.27.1.5

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Pérez, M. E., Meléndez-Ackerman, E. J., & Monsegur-Rivera, O. A. (2018). Breeding system and pollination of Gesneria pauciflora (Gesneriaceae), a threatened Caribbean species. Flora, 242, 8–15.

Perret, M., Chautems, A., De Araujo, A. O., & Salamin, N. (2013). Temporal and spatial origin of Gesneriaceae in the New World inferred from plastid DNA sequences. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 171(1), 61–79.

Petal Tones. (2019). Episcia leaf cutting propagation [Photograph]. Petal Tones Blog. https://petaltones.blogspot.com/2019/05/episcia-leaf-cutting.html [Erişim tarihi: 9 Ağustos 2025]

Ramírez Roa, M. A. (1987). Revision de Achimenes (Gesneriaceae) (Master’s thesis). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

Roalson, E. H., Skog, L. E., & Zimmer, E. A. (2003). Phylogenetic relationships and the diversification of floral form in Achimenes (Gesneriaceae). Systematic Botany, 28, 593–608.

Roberts, W. R., & Roalson, E. H. (2017). Comparative transcriptome analyses of flower development in four species of Achimenes (Gesneriaceae). BMC Genomics, 18, 240. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-3623-8

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