Turizm ve Çevre İlişkileri
Özet
Turizm ve çevre arasındaki karmaşık ilişki hem ekonomik büyüme hem de küresel sürdürülebilirlik bağlamında stratejik öneme sahiptir. Doğal çevre, turizmin en temel bileşeni olmakla birlikte, plansız gelişim ekosistemlerin bozulmasına ve kaynakların aşırı tüketilmesine yol açabilir. Bu bölüm, turizmin çevre üzerindeki hem yapıcı (koruma çabalarını destekleme, çevre bilincini artırma) hem de yıkıcı (aşırı kaynak kullanımı, iklim değişikliğine etki, kirlilik) etkilerini kapsamlı bir çerçevede değerlendirmektedir. Çalışma, çevreyi koruyan ve gelecek kuşakların yaşam hakkını gözeten sürdürülebilir turizm anlayışının gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Mavi Bayrak, Yeşil Anahtar ve ulusal Yeşil Yıldız gibi eko-etiket sistemleri ve uluslararası çevre politikaları tartışılmaktadır. Ayrıca, dijitalleşme, akıllı turizm uygulamaları, karbon nötr hedefler ve döngüsel ekonomi gibi yenilikçi yaklaşımların çevresel sürdürülebilirliğe nasıl katkı sağladığı incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, turizmin doğayı koruyan bir araca dönüşebilmesi ancak bilimsel temelli planlama ve paydaşlar arası bütüncül iş birliğiyle mümkün hâle gelmektedir.
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