Kronik Venöz Yetmezlik

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Kienzl P, Deinsberger J, Weber B. Chronic venous disease: pathophysiological aspects, risk factors, and diagnosis. Hamostaseologie. 2024;44(4):277–286.

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Perrin M, Eklof B, van Rij A, Labropoulos N, Vasquez M, Nicolaides A, et al. Venous symptoms: the SYM Vein Consensus statement developed under the auspices of the European Venous Forum. Int Angiol. 2016;35(4):374–398.

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Lurie F, Passman M, Meisner M, Dalsing M, Masuda E, Welch H, et al. The 2020 update of the CEAP classification system and reporting standards. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2020;8(3):342–352.

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Karahan O, Yavuz C, Kankilic N, Demirtas S, Tezcan O, Caliskan A, et al. Simple blood tests as predictive markers of disease severity and clinical condition in patients with venous insufficiency. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2016;27(6):684–690.

Coleridge-Smith P, Labropoulos N, Partsch H, Myers K, Nicolaides A, Cavezzi A. Duplex ultrasound investigation of the veins in chronic venous disease of the lower limbs—UIP consensus document. Part I. Basic principles. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2006;31(1):83–92.

De Maeseneer MG, Kakkos SK, Aherne T, Baekgaard N, Black S, Blomgren L, et al. Editor's Choice - European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2022 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Chronic Venous Disease of the Lower Limbs. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2022;63(2):184–267.

Labropoulos N, Tiongson J, Pryor L, Tassiopoulos AK, Kang SS, Ashraf Mansour M, et al. Definition of venous reflux in lower-extremity veins. J Vasc Surg. 2003;38(4):793–798.

Bach AM, Hann LE. When the common femoral vein is revealed as flattened on spectral Doppler sonography: is it a reliable sign for diagnosis of proximal venous obstruction? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997;168(3):733–736.

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Lau I, Png CYM, Eswarappa M, Miller M, Kumar S, Tadros R, et al. Defining the utility of anteroposterior venography in the diagnosis of venous iliofemoral obstruction. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2019;7(4):514–521.e4.

Gagne PJ, Tahara RW, Fastabend CP, Dzieciuchowicz L, Marston W, Vedantham S, et al. Venography versus intravascular ultrasound for diagnosing and treating iliofemoral vein obstruction. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2017;5(5):678–687.

Christopoulos DG, Nicolaides AN, Szendro G, Irvine AT, Bull ML, Eastcott HH. Air-plethysmography and the effect of elastic compression on venous hemodynamics of the leg. J Vasc Surg. 1987;5(1):148–159.

Gürdal Karakelle S, Ipek Y, Tulin O, Alpagut İU. The efficiency of exercise training in patients with venous insufficiency: a double blinded, randomized controlled trial. Phlebology. 2021;36(6):440–449.

Silva KLS, Figueiredo EAB, Lopes CP, Vianna MVA, Lima VP, Figueiredo PHS, et al. The impact of exercise training on calf pump function, muscle strength, ankle range of motion, and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic venous insufficiency at different stages of severity: a systematic review. J Vasc Bras. 2021;20:e20200125.

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Žulec M, Rotar Pavlič D, Žulec A. The effect of an educational intervention on self-care in patients with venous leg ulcers: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(8):4657.

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Blair SD, Wright DD, Backhouse CM, Riddle E, McCollum CN. Sustained compression and healing of chronic venous ulcers. BMJ. 1988;297(6657):1159–1161.

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Mosti G, Mattaliano V, Partsch H. Inelastic compression increases venous ejection fraction more than elastic bandages in patients with superficial venous reflux. Phlebology. 2008;23(6):287–294.

Nelson EA, Bell-Syer SE. Compression for preventing recurrence of venous ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(9):CD002303.

Mayrovitz HN, Aoki KC, Colon J. Chronic venous insufficiency with emphasis on the geriatric population. Cureus. 2023;15(6):e40687.

Stevenson EM, Coda A, Bourke MDJ. Investigating low rates of compliance to graduated compression therapy for chronic venous insufficiency: a systematic review. Int Wound J. 2024;21(4):e14833.

Rabe E, Partsch H, Morrison N, Meissner MH, Mosti G, Lattimer CR, et al. Risks and contraindications of medical compression treatment—a critical reappraisal. An international consensus statement. Phlebology. 2020;35(7):447–460.

Stücker M, Rabe E. Medizinische Kompressionsstrümpfe bei chronischen venösen Erkrankungen und Lymphödem: wissenschaftliche Evidenz und Ergebnisse einer Patient*innen-Befragung zur Versorgungsqualität. Dermatologie (Heidelb). 2022;73(9):708–717.

Azirar S, Appelen D, Prins MH, Neumann MH, de Feiter AN, Kolbach DN. Compression therapy for treating post-thrombotic syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;9(9):CD004177.

Martinez-Zapata MJ, Vernooij RW, Simancas-Racines D, Uriona Tuma SM, Stein AT, Moreno Carriles RMM, et al. Phlebotonics for venous insufficiency. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;11(11):CD003229.

Chen L, Gao Y, Liu M, Li Q, Han C, Zhao Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of pentoxifylline for chronic venous leg ulcers: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial in China (ESPECT study). Trials. 2023;24(1):491.

Urbanek T, Krasinski Z, Sumińska-Jasińska K, Baum E, Borej-Nowicka G, Begier-Krasińska B, et al. Sulodexide reduces the inflammatory reaction and senescence of endothelial cells in conditions involving chronic venous disease. Int Angiol. 2016;35(2):140–147.

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Wu B, Lu J, Yang M, Xu T. Sulodexide for treating venous leg ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(6):CD010694.

Jull A, Arroll B, Parag V, Waters J. Pentoxifylline for treating venous leg ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(3):CD001733.

Helen T, Liz C, Laura C, Illary S, Martin B, Hannah B, et al. Aspirin versus placebo for the treatment of venous leg ulcers—a phase II, pilot, randomised trial (AVURT). Trials. 2019;20(1):459.

Carradice D, Wallace T, Gohil R, Chetter I. A comparison of the effectiveness of treating those with and without the complications of superficial venous insufficiency. Ann Surg. 2014;260(2):396–401.

Michaels JA, Brazier JE, Campbell WB, MacIntyre JB, Palfreyman SJ, Ratcliffe J. Randomized clinical trial comparing surgery with conservative treatment for uncomplicated varicose veins. Br J Surg. 2006;93(2):175–181.

Marsden G, Perry M, Bradbury A, Hickey N, Kelley K, Trender H, et al. A cost-effectiveness analysis of surgery, endothermal ablation, ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy and compression stockings for symptomatic varicose veins. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2015;50(6):794–801.

Masuda E, Ozsvath K, Vossler J, Woo K, Kistner R, Lurie F, et al. The 2020 appropriate use criteria for chronic lower extremity venous disease of the American Venous Forum, the Society for Vascular Surgery, the American Vein and Lymphatic Society, and the Society of Interventional Radiology. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2020;8(4):505–525.e4.

Doganci S, Demirkilic U. Comparison of 980 nm laser and bare-tip fibre with 1470 nm laser and radial fibre in the treatment of great saphenous vein varicosities: a prospective randomised clinical trial. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2010;40(2):254–259.

Shutze WP, Kane K, Fisher T, Doud Y, Lassiter G, Leuking R, et al. The effect of wavelength on endothermal heat-induced thrombosis incidence after endovenous laser ablation. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2016;4(1):36–43.

Teter KA, Kabnick LS, Sadek M. Endovenous laser ablation: a comprehensive review. Phlebology. 2020;35(9):656–662.

Malskat WSJ, Engels LK, Hollestein LM, Nijsten T, van den Bos RR. Commonly used endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) parameters do not influence efficacy: results of a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2019;58(2):230–242.

Proebstle TM, Alm BJ, Göckeritz O, Wenzel C, Noppeney T, Lebard C, et al. Five-year results from the prospective European multicentre cohort study on radiofrequency segmental thermal ablation for incompetent great saphenous veins. Br J Surg. 2015;102(3):212–218.

Wright TF, Brunetti GF, Kennedy P. Lidocaine safety after saphenous vein tumescent anesthesia. Phlebology. 2019;34(10):683–689.

Milleret R, Huot L, Nicolini P, Creton D, Roux AS, Decullier E, et al. Great saphenous vein ablation with steam injection: results of a multicentre study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2013;45(4):391–396.

Yang L, Wang XP, Su WJ, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Randomized clinical trial of endovenous microwave ablation combined with high ligation versus conventional surgery for varicose veins. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2013;46(4):473–479.

Healy DA, Kimura S, Power D, Elhaj A, Abdeldaim Y, Cross KS, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of thrombotic events following endovenous thermal ablation of the great saphenous vein. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2018;56(3):410–424.

Kubat E, Ünal CS, Geldi O, Çetin E, Keskin A. What is the optimal treatment technique for great saphenous vein diameter of ≥10 mm? Comparison of five different approaches. Acta Chir Belg. 2021;121(2):94–101.

Chan YC, Law Y, Cheung GC, Ting AC, Cheng SW. Cyanoacrylate glue used to treat great saphenous reflux: measures of outcome. Phlebology. 2017;32(2):99–106.

Gibson K, Ferris B. Cyanoacrylate closure of incompetent great, small and accessory saphenous veins without the use of post-procedure compression: initial outcomes of a post-market evaluation of the VenaSeal System (the WAVES Study). Vascular. 2017;25(2):149–156.

Proebstle TM, Alm J, Dimitri S, Rasmussen L, Whiteley M, Lawson J, et al. The European multicenter cohort study on cyanoacrylate embolization of refluxing great saphenous veins. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2015;3(1):2–7.

Morrison N, Gibson K, Vasquez M, Weiss R, Jones A. Five-year extension study of patients from a randomized clinical trial (VeClose) comparing cyanoacrylate closure versus radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of incompetent great saphenous veins. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2020;8(6):978–989.

Bozkurt AK. Cyanoacrylate glue is an effective alternative in chronic venous insufficiency. Phlebology. 2024;39(7):498–499.

Bozkurt AK, Balkanay OO, Dinc R. Comparative analysis of VenaBlock and VenaSeal systems for catheter-guided endovenous cyanoacrylate closure in treating chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremity: effectiveness and feasibility. Int Angiol. 2024;43(3):331–341.

Kubat E, Kadan M, Akyol FB, Doğancı S. Large diameter is associated with high recanalization rate during cyanoacrylate closure treatment of great saphenous vein insufficiency. Dermatol Surg. 2022;48(2):263.

Gibson K, Minjarez R, Rinehardt E, Ferris B. Frequency and severity of hypersensitivity reactions in patients after VenaSeal cyanoacrylate treatment of superficial venous insufficiency. Phlebology. 2020;35(5):337–344.

Cho S, Gibson K, Lee SH, Kim SY, Joh JH. Incidence, classification, and risk factors of endovenous glue-induced thrombosis after cyanoacrylate closure of the incompetent saphenous vein. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2020;8(6):991–998.

Vos CG, Ünlü Ç, Bosma J, van Vlijmen CJ, de Nie AJ, Schreve MA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of two novel techniques of nonthermal endovenous ablation of the great saphenous vein. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2017;5(6):880–896.

Pappas JN, Pappas PJ, Lakhanpal S, Kennedy R, Soto T. Natural history and role of anticoagulation in the management of endovenous glue-induced thrombus. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2023;11(5):938–945.

AlHamzah M. Surgical treatment of persistent glue extension into common femoral vein following endovenous glue ablation. Cureus. 2024;16(3):e56364.

Lam YL, Toonder IM, Wittens CH. Clarivein mechano-chemical ablation: an interim analysis of a randomized controlled trial dose-finding study. Phlebology. 2016;31(3):170–176.

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Darvall KA, Bate GR, Bradbury AW. Patient-reported outcomes 5–8 years after ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy for varicose veins. Br J Surg. 2014;101(9):1098–1104.

Lim SY, Tan JX, D'Cruz RT, Syn N, Chong TT, Tang TY. Catheter-directed foam sclerotherapy, an alternative to ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy for varicose vein treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Phlebology. 2020;35(6):369–383.

Rasmussen L, Lawaetz M, Bjoern L, Blemings A, Eklof B. Randomized clinical trial comparing endovenous laser ablation and stripping of the great saphenous vein with clinical and duplex outcome after 5 years. J Vasc Surg. 2013;58(2):421–426.

Whing J, Nandhra S, Nesbitt C, Stansby G. Interventions for great saphenous vein incompetence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;8(8):CD005624.

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Adamič M, Pavlović MD, Troilius Rubin A, Palmetun-Ekbäck M, Boixeda P. Guidelines of care for vascular lasers and intense pulse light sources from the European Society for Laser Dermatology. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(9):1661–1678.

Miyake RK, Chi YW, Franklin IJ, Gianesini S. State of the art on cryo-laser cryo-sclerotherapy in lower limb venous aesthetic treatment. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2020;8(5):893–895.

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Lin ZC, Loveland PM, Johnston RV, Bruce M, Weller CD. Subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery (SEPS) for treating venous leg ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;3(3):CD012164.