Triküspit Kapak Hastalıkları ve Cerrahi Tedavi Yöntemleri

Yucel E, Bertrand PB, Churchill JL, Namasivayam M. The tricuspid valve in review: Anatomy, pathophysiology and echocardiographic assessment with focus on functional tricuspid regurgitation. J Thorac Dis. 2020;12(5):2945–54.

Hahn RT. State-of-the-art review of echocardiographic imaging in the evaluation and treatment of functional tricuspid regurgitation. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging [Internet]. 2016 Dec 1 [cited 2024 Nov 15];9(12). Available from: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.116.005332

Lama P, Tamang BK, Kulkarni J. Morphometry and aberrant morphology of the adult human tricuspid valve leaflets. Anat Sci Int [Internet]. 2016 Mar 1 [cited 2024 Nov 15];91(2):143–50. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12565-015-0275-0

Maisano F. Exploring the Complexity of Tricuspid Valve Anatomy: A Further Step Toward Understanding the No-More-Forgotten Valve. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging [Internet]. 2021;14(7):1306–8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2021.03.014

Silver MD, Lam JH, Ranganathan N, Wigle ED. Morphology of the human tricuspid valve. Circulation. 1971;43(3):333–48.

Steding-Ehrenborg K, Arvidsson PM, Töger J, Rydberg M, Heiberg E, Carlsson M, et al. Determinants of kinetic energy of blood flow in the four-chambered heart in athletes and sedentary controls. Am J Physiol - Hear Circ Physiol. 2016;310(1):H113–22.

Arvidsson PM, Töger J, Heiberg E, Carlsson M, Arheden H. Quantification of left and right atrial kinetic energy using four-dimensional intracardiac magnetic resonance imaging flow measurements. J Appl Physiol. 2013;114(10):1472–81.

Bartelds B, Borgdorff MA, Smit-Van Oosten A, Takens J, Boersma B, Nederhoff MG, et al. Differential responses of the right ventricle to abnormal loading conditions in mice: Pressure vs. volume load. Eur J Heart Fail. 2011;13(12):1275–82.

De Meester P, Van De Bruaene A, Herijgers P, Voigt JU, Delcroix M, Budts W. Geometry of the right heart and tricuspid regurgitation to exclude elevated pulmonary artery pressure: New insights. Int J Cardiol. 2013 Oct 9;168(4):3866–71.

Mahmood F, Kim H, Chaudary B, … RBJ of cardiothoracic, 2013 undefined. Tricuspid annular geometry: a three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiographic study. Elsevier [Internet]. [cited 2024 Nov 22]; Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077012006453

Fender EA, Zack CJ, Nishimura RA. Isolated tricuspid regurgitation: Outcomes and therapeutic interventions. Heart. 2018;104(10):798–806.

Davidson LJ, Tang GHL, Ho EC, Fudim M, Frisoli T, Camaj A, et al. The Tricuspid Valve: A Review of Pathology, Imaging, and Current Treatment Options: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association. J Thorac Dis. 2024;12(22):2945–54.

Gavazzoni M, Heilbron F, Badano LP, Radu N, Cascella A, Tomaselli M, et al. The atrial secondary tricuspid regurgitation is associated to more favorable outcome than the ventricular phenotype. Front Cardiovasc Med [Internet]. 2022 Nov 29 [cited 2024 Nov 22];9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36523369/

Schlotter F, Dietz MF, Stolz L, Kresoja KP, Besler C, Sannino A, et al. Atrial Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation: Novel Definition and Impact on Prognosis. Circ Cardiovasc Interv [Internet]. 2022 Sep 1 [cited 2024 Nov 22];15(9):E011958. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36126130/

Hahn RT, Badano LP, Bartko PE, Muraru D, Maisano F, Zamorano JL, et al. Tricuspid regurgitation: recent advances in understanding pathophysiology, severity grading and outcome [Internet]. Vol. 23, European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging; 2022 [cited 2024 Nov 22]. p. 913–29. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35157070/

Golamari R, Shams P, Alahmadi MH, Bhattacharya PT. Tricuspid Stenosis. StatPearls [Internet]. 2024 Jun 22 [cited 2024 Nov 23]; Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499990/

Manjunath CN, Srinivas P, Ravindranath KS, Dhanalakshmi C. Incidence and patterns of valvular heart disease in a tertiary care high-volume cardiac center: A single center experience. Indian Heart J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2024 Nov 23];66(3):320–6. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4121759/

Baumgartner H, Hung J, Bermejo J, Chambers JB, Evangelista A, Griffin BP, et al. Echocardiographic Assessment of Valve Stenosis: EAE/ASE Recommendations for Clinical Practice [Internet]. Vol. 22, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr; 2009 [cited 2024 Nov 24]. p. 1–23. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19130998/

Morgan JR, Forker AD, Coates JR, Myers WS. Isolated tricuspid stenosis. Circulation [Internet]. 1971 [cited 2024 Nov 24];44(4):729–32. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5094152/

Vahanian A, Beyersdorf F, Praz F, Milojevic M, Baldus S, Bauersachs J, et al. 2021 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease: Developed by the Task Force for the management of valvular heart disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2022;75(6):524.

Cevasco M, Shekar PS. Surgical management of tricuspid stenosis. Ann Cardiothorac Surg. 2017;6(3):275–82.

Prihadi EA, Van Der Bijl P, Gursoy E, Abou R, Mara Vollema E, Hahn RT, et al. Development of significant tricuspid regurgitation over time and prognostic implications: New insights into natural history. Eur Heart J [Internet]. 2018 Oct 14 [cited 2024 Dec 2];39(39):3574–81. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30010848/

Condello F, Gitto M, Stefanini GG. Etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology and management of tricuspid regurgitation: an overview. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2021;22(4):1115–42.

Dahou A, Levin D, Reisman M, Hahn RT. Anatomy and Physiology of the Tricuspid Valve. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12(3):458–68.

Sultan FAT, Moustafa SE, Tajik J, Warsame T, Emani U, Alharthi M, et al. Rheumatic tricuspid valve disease: An evidence-based systematic overview [Internet]. Vol. 19, Journal of Heart Valve Disease. ICR Publishers Ltd; 2010 [cited 2024 Dec 2]. p. 374–82. Available from: https://scholars.aku.edu/en/publications/rheumatic-tricuspid-valve-disease-an-evidence-based-systematic-ov

Itzhaki Ben Zadok O, Sagie A, Vaturi M, Shapira Y, Schwartzenberg S, Kuznitz I, et al. Long-Term Outcomes After Mitral Valve Replacement and Tricuspid Annuloplasty in Rheumatic Patients. Ann Thorac Surg [Internet]. 2019 Feb 1 [cited 2024 Dec 2];107(2):539–45. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30617023/

Zhong Y, Bai W, Wang H, Tang H, Rao L. Functional tricuspid regurgitation in rheumatic mitral valve disease patients with and without tricuspid annuloplasty: a three-dimensional echocardiography study with one year follow up. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging [Internet]. 2020 Feb 1 [cited 2024 Dec 2];36(2):257–68. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31598812/

Bhattacharyya S, Davar J, Dreyfus G, Caplin ME. Carcinoid heart disease. Circulation. 2007;116(24):2860–5.

Bhattacharyya S, Toumpanakis C, Burke M, Taylor AM, Caplin ME, Davar J. Features of Carcinoid heart disease identified by 2-and 3-dimensional echocardiography and cardiac MRI. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging [Internet]. 2010 Jan [cited 2024 Dec 2];3(1):103–11. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19920029/

Simula D V., Edwards WD, Tazelaar HD, Connolly HM, Schaff H V. Surgical Pathology of Carcinoid Heart Disease: A Study of 139 Valves From 75 Patients Spanning 20 Years. Mayo Clin Proc [Internet]. 2002 Feb [cited 2024 Dec 2];77(2):139–47. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11838647/

Yanagawa B, Adams C, Whitlock RP, Arora RC. Right-sided infective endocarditis: Insights into the forgotten valve [Internet]. Vol. 293, International Journal of Cardiology. Int J Cardiol; 2019 [cited 2024 Dec 2]. p. 101–2. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31230931/

Mutlak D, Lessick J, Reisner SA, Aronson D, Dabbah S, Agmon Y. Echocardiography-based Spectrum of Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation: The Frequency of Apparently Idiopathic Tricuspid Regurgitation. J Am Soc Echocardiogr [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2024 Dec 2];20(4):405–8. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0894731706010005

Dreyfus GD, Martin RP, Chan KMJ, Dulguerov F, Alexandrescu C. Functional tricuspid regurgitation: A need to revise our understanding. Vol. 65, Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Elsevier Inc.; 2015. p. 2331–6.

Prihadi EA, Delgado V, Leon MB, Enriquez-Sarano M, Topilsky Y, Bax JJ. Morphologic Types of Tricuspid Regurgitation: Characteristics and Prognostic Implications. Vol. 12, JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging. Elsevier Inc.; 2019. p. 491–9.

Cohen SR, Sell JE, McIntosh CL, Clark RE. Tricuspid regurgitation in patients with acquired, chronic, pure mitral regurgitation. II. Nonoperative management, tricuspid valve annuloplasty, and tricuspid valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1987;94(4):488–97.

Zornoff LAM, Skali H, Pfeffer MA, St. John Sutton M, Rouleau JL, Lamas GA, et al. Right ventricular dysfunction and risk of heart failure and mortality after myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol [Internet]. 2002 May 1 [cited 2024 Dec 16];39(9):1450–5. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11985906/

Prihadi EA, Van Der Bijl P, Dietz M, Abou R, Vollema EM, Marsan NA, et al. Prognostic Implications of Right Ventricular Free Wall Longitudinal Strain in Patients With Significant Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging [Internet]. 2019 Mar 1 [cited 2024 Dec 16];12(3). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30879327/

Tribouilloy CM, Enriquez-Sarano M, Bailey KR, Tajik AJ, Seward JB. Quantification of tricuspid regurgitation by measuring the width of the vena contracta with doppler color flow imaging: A clinical study. J Am Coll Cardiol [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2024 Dec 16];36(2):472–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10933360/

Gonzalez-Vilchez F, Zarauza J, de Prada JAV, Durán RM, Ruano J, Delgado C, et al. Assessment of tricuspid regurgitation by Doppler color flow imaging: angiographic correlation. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2024 Dec 16];44(3):275–83. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8077074/

Hahn RT, Zamorano JL. The need for a new tricuspid regurgitation grading scheme [Internet]. Vol. 18, European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging; 2017 [cited 2024 Dec 16]. p. 1342–3. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28977455/

Kadri AN, Menon V, Sammour YM, Gajulapalli RD, Meenakshisundaram C, Nusairat L, et al. Outcomes of patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation and congestive heart failure. Heart [Internet]. 2019 Dec 1 [cited 2024 Dec 24];105(23):1813–7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31422359/

Stuge O, Liddicoat J. Emerging opportunities for cardiac surgeons within structural heart disease [Internet]. Vol. 132, Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg; 2006 [cited 2024 Dec 24]. p. 1258–61. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17140937/

Kilic A, Saha-Chaudhuri P, Rankin JS, Conte J V. Trends and outcomes of tricuspid valve surgery in north america: An analysis of more than 50,000 patients from the society of thoracic surgeons database. Ann Thorac Surg [Internet]. 2013 Nov [cited 2024 Dec 24];96(5):1546–52. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24070702/

Utsunomiya H, Itabashi Y, Mihara H, Berdejo J, Kobayashi S, Siegel RJ, et al. Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation Caused by Chronic Atrial Fibrillation: A Real-Time 3-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography Study. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging [Internet]. 2017 Jan 1 [cited 2024 Dec 24];10(1). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28073806/

Gammie JS, Chu MWA, Falk V, Overbey JR, Moskowitz AJ, Gillinov M, et al. Concomitant Tricuspid Repair in Patients with Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2022 Jan 27 [cited 2024 Dec 24];386(4):327–39. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34767705/

Dreyfus GD, Corbi PJ, Chan KMJ, Bahrami T. Secondary tricuspid regurgitation or dilatation: Which should be the criteria for surgical repair? Ann Thorac Surg [Internet]. 2005 Jan [cited 2024 Dec 24];79(1):127–32. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15620928/

Chikwe J, Itagaki S, Anyanwu A, Adams DH. Impact of concomitant tricuspid annuloplasty on tricuspid regurgitation, right ventricular function, and pulmonary artery hypertension after repair of mitral valve prolapse. J Am Coll Cardiol [Internet]. 2015 May 12 [cited 2024 Dec 24];65(18):1931–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25936265/

Otto CM, Nishimura RA, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Erwin JP, Gentile F, et al. 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol [Internet]. 2021 Feb 2 [cited 2025 Jan 25];77(4):450–500. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33342587

Dhoble A, Zhao Y, Vejpongsa P, Loghin C, Smalling RW, Estrera A, et al. National 10-year trends and outcomes of isolated and concomitant tricuspid valve surgery. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) [Internet]. 2019 Feb 1 [cited 2024 Dec 29];60(1):119–27. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29969002/

Chang BC, Lim SH, Yi G, Hong YS, Lee S, Yoo KJ, et al. Long-term clinical results of tricuspid valve replacement. Ann Thorac Surg [Internet]. 2006 Apr [cited 2024 Dec 29];81(4):1317–24. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16564264/

De Simone R, Lange R, Saggau W, Gams E, Tanzeem A, Hagl S. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography for the evaluation of mitral, aortic and tricuspid valve repair: A tool to optimize surgical outcome. Eur J Cardio-thoracic Surg [Internet]. 1992 [cited 2025 Jan 25];6(12):665–73. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1485978/

Tang GHL, David TE, Singh SK, Maganti MD, Armstrong S, Borger MA. Tricuspid valve repair with an annuloplasty ring results in improved long-term outcomes. Circulation [Internet]. 2006 Jul [cited 2025 Jan 25];114(SUPPL. 1). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16820641/

McCarthy PM, Bhudia SK, Rajeswaran J, Hoercher KJ, Lytle BW, Cosgrove DM, et al. Tricuspid valve repair: Durability and risk factors for failure. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2025 Jan 25];127(3):674–85. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15001895/

Cohn LH. Tricuspid Regurgitation Secondary to Mitral Valve Disease: When and How to Repair [Internet]. Vol. 9, Journal of Cardiac Surgery. J Card Surg; 1994 [cited 2025 Jan 25]. p. 237–41. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8186574/

Filsoufi F, Chikwe J, Carpentier A. Rationale for remodelling annuloplasty to address functional tricuspid regurgitation during left-sided valve surgery [Internet]. Vol. 47, European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery. Oxford Academic; 2015 [cited 2025 Jan 25]. p. 1–3. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezu241

Shiran A, Sagie A. Tricuspid Regurgitation in Mitral Valve Disease. Incidence, Prognostic Implications, Mechanism, and Management. Vol. 53, Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Elsevier; 2009. p. 401–8.

Hata H, Fujita T, Miura S, Shimahara Y, Kume Y, Matsumoto Y, et al. Long-term outcomes of suture vs. Ring tricuspid annuloplasty for functional tricuspid regurgitation. Circ J. 2017 Sep 25;81(10):1432–8.

Abdelaal SA, Hefnawy MT, Ewais E, Mostafa N, Abozaid AM, Mouffokes A, et al. Rigid ring vs. flexible band for tricuspid valve repair in patients with tricuspid valve regurgitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev [Internet]. 2024 Sep 1 [cited 2025 Jan 25];22. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39026609/

Carpentier A, Deloche A, Hanania G, Forman J, Sellier P, Piwnica A, et al. Surgical management of acquired tricuspid valve disease. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1974 Jan 1;67(1):53–65.

Köksal C, Selçuk E, Kahveci G, Erdem H. A novel approach of tricuspid valve repair: Mitralization of tricuspid valve. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg [Internet]. 2022 Jul 1 [cited 2025 Feb 2];35(1):ivac049. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9336554/

Alfieri O, De Bonis M, Lapenna E, Agricola E, Quarti A, Maisano F. The “clover technique” as a novel approach for correction of post-traumatic tricuspid regurgitation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg [Internet]. 2003 Jul 1 [cited 2025 Feb 2];126(1):75–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12878941/

Lapenna E, De Bonis M, Verzini A, La Canna G, Ferrara D, Calabrese MC, et al. The clover technique for the treatment of complex tricuspid valve insufficiency: midterm clinical and echocardiographic results in 66 patients. Eur J Cardio-thoracic Surg [Internet]. 2010 Jun [cited 2025 Feb 2];37(6):1297–303. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20117940/

De Bonis M, Lapenna E, La Canna G, Grimaldi A, Maisano F, Torracca L, et al. A novel technique for correction of severe tricuspid valve regurgitation due to complex lesions. In: European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery [Internet]. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg; 2004 [cited 2025 Feb 2]. p. 760–5. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15082279/

Filsoufi F, Anyanwu AC, Salzberg SP, Frankel T, Cohn LH, Adams DH. Long-term outcomes of tricuspid valve replacement in the current era. Ann Thorac Surg [Internet]. 2005 Sep [cited 2025 Feb 2];80(3):845–50. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16122441/

Cohen SR, Silver MA, McIntosh CL, Roberts WC. Comparison of late (62 to 140 months) degenerative changes in simultaneously implanted and explanted mitral valve positions in six patients. Am J Cardiol [Internet]. 1984 Jun 1 [cited 2025 Feb 2];53(11):1599–602. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6731305/

Kaplan M, Kut MS, Demirtas MM, Cimen S, Ozler A. Prosthetic replacement of tricuspid valve: Bioprosthetic or mechanical. Ann Thorac Surg [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2025 Feb 2];73(2):467–73. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11845861/

Nakano K, Koyanagi H, Hashimoto A, Ohtsuka G, Nojiri C. Tricuspid valve replacement with the bileaflet St. Jude Medical valve prosthesis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg [Internet]. 1994;108(5):888–92. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5223(94)70187-3