Fertilite Tedavisinde Hormonal Kontraseptivlerin Kullanımı
Özet
Referanslar
ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 110: noncontraceptive uses of hormonal contraceptives. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;115(1):206-18. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181cb50b5
Farquhar C, Rombauts L, Kremer JA, et al. Oral contraceptive pill, progestogen or oestrogen pretreatment for ovarian stimulation protocols for women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;5(5):Cd006109. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006109.pub3
The use of hormonal contraceptives in fertility treatments: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril. 2024;122(2):243-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.02.032
Ovarian Stimulation T, Bosch E, Broer S, et al. ESHRE guideline: ovarian stimulation for IVF/ICSI(†). Hum Reprod Open. 2020;2020(2):hoaa009. https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoaa009
Nassar J, Tadros T, Adda-Herzog E, et al. Steroid hormone pretreatments in assisted reproductive technology. Fertil Steril. 2016;106(7):1608-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.09.013
Chen M, Han H, Chuai Y, et al. Effects of oral contraceptives on ovulation induction in in vitro fertilization patients with premature ovarian insufficiency. Climacteric. 2018;21(3):276-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2018.1439912
Lindheim SR, Barad DH, Witt B, et al. Short-term gonadotropin suppression with oral contraceptives benefits poor responders prior to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1996;13(9):745-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02066431
Cédrin-Durnerin I, Bständig B, Parneix I, et al. Effects of oral contraceptive, synthetic progestogen or natural estrogen pre-treatments on the hormonal profile and the antral follicle cohort before GnRH antagonist protocol. Hum Reprod. 2007;22(1):109-16. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/del340
Al-Inany HG, Youssef MA, Aboulghar M, et al. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonists for assisted reproductive technology. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;5):Cd001750. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001750.pub3
Gizzo S, Andrisani A, Noventa M, et al. Pretreatment with oral contraceptive pills to identify poor responders that may benefit from rLH supplementation during GnRH-antagonist treatment for IVF: A pilot perspective study proposal. Exp Ther Med. 2015;10(5):1692-6. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2734
Huirne JAF, van Loenen ACD, Donnez J, et al. Effect of an oral contraceptive pill on follicular development in IVF/ICSI patients receiving a GnRH antagonist: a randomized study. Reproductive BioMedicine Online. 2006;13(2):235-45. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S1472-6483(10)60621-9
Griesinger G, Venetis CA, Marx T, et al. Oral contraceptive pill pretreatment in ovarian stimulation with GnRH antagonists for IVF: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril. 2008;90(4):1055-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1354
Li J, Sun Y, Mo S, et al. Effects of oral contraceptive for different responder women before GnRH antagonists: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2021;37(11):977-86. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2021.1918664
Montoya-Botero P, Martinez F, Rodríguez-Purata J, et al. The effect of type of oral contraceptive pill and duration of use on fresh and cumulative live birth rates in IVF/ICSI cycles. Hum Reprod. 2020;35(4):826-36. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez299
Abu-Musa A, Haahr T, Humaidan P. Novel Physiology and Definition of Poor Ovarian Response; Clinical Recommendations. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(6):https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062110
Kim CH, Jeon GH, Cheon YP, et al. Comparison of GnRH antagonist protocol with or without oral contraceptive pill pretreatment and GnRH agonist low-dose long protocol in low responders undergoing IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Fertil Steril. 2009;92(5):1758-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.05.013
Schoolcraft W, Schlenker T, Gee M, et al. Improved controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in poor responder in vitro fertilization patients with a microdose follicle-stimulating hormone flare, growth hormone protocol. Fertil Steril. 1997;67(1):93-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81862-6
Lu Y, Wang Y, Zhang T, et al. Effect of pretreatment oral contraceptives on fresh and cumulative live birth in vitro fertilization outcomes in ovulatory women. Fertil Steril. 2020;114(4):779-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.05.021
al-Mizyen E, Sabatini L, Lower AM, et al. Does pretreatment with progestogen or oral contraceptive pills in low responders followed by the GnRHa flare protocol improve the outcome of IVF-ET? J Assist Reprod Genet. 2000;17(3):140-6. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009462004650
Fanchin R, Cunha-Filho JS, Schonäuer LM, et al. Coordination of early antral follicles by luteal estradiol administration provides a basis for alternative controlled ovarian hyperstimulation regimens. Fertil Steril. 2003;79(2):316-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04574-0
Fanchin R, Salomon L, Castelo-Branco A, et al. Luteal estradiol pre-treatment coordinates follicular growth during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with GnRH antagonists. Hum Reprod. 2003;18(12):2698-703. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg516
Mais V, Cetel NS, Muse KN, et al. Hormonal dynamics during luteal-follicular transition. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1987;64(6):1109-14. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-64-6-1109
Wu N, Li X, Zeng C, et al. Pretreatment with oral contraceptives benefit POSEIDON group 1 low prognosis patients during GnRH-antagonist protocol: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study. Journal of Ovarian Research. 2025;18(1):47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-025-01613-6
Schmitz C, Bocca S, Beydoun H, et al. Does the degree of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian recovery after oral contraceptive pills affect outcomes of IVF/ICSI cycles receiving GnRH-antagonist adjuvant therapy in women over 35 years of age? J Assist Reprod Genet. 2012;29(9):877-82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-012-9812-0
Fitzgerald C, Elstein M, Spona J. Effect of age on the response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis to a combined oral contraceptive. Fertility and Sterility. 1999;71(6):1079-84. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(99)00146-6
Surrey ES, Bower J, Hill DM, et al. Clinical and endocrine effects of a microdose GnRH agonist flare regimen administered to poor responders who are undergoing in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril. 1998;69(3):419-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00575-x
Kim C-H, You R-M, Kang H-J, et al. GnRH antagonist multiple dose protocol with oral contraceptive pill pretreatment in poor responders undergoing IVF/ICSI. Clin Exp Reprod Med. 2011;38(4):228-33. https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2011.38.4.228
Copperman AB. Antagonists in poor-responder patients. Fertil Steril. 2003;80 Suppl 1(S16-24; discussion S32-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00765-9
Wei D, Shi Y, Li J, et al. Effect of pretreatment with oral contraceptives and progestins on IVF outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2017;32(2):354-61. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dew325
Pan JX, Liu Y, Ke ZH, et al. Successive and cyclic oral contraceptive pill pretreatment improves IVF/ICSI outcomes of PCOS patients and ameliorates hyperandrogenism and antral follicle excess. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015;31(4):332-6. https://doi.org/10.3109/09513590.2014.995621
Wang L, Zhao Y, Dong X, et al. Could pretreatment with oral contraceptives before pituitary down regulation reduce the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in the IVF/ICSI procedure? Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8(2):2711-8.
Surrey ES, Silverberg KM, Surrey MW, et al. Effect of prolonged gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy on the outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in patients with endometriosis. Fertil Steril. 2002;78(4):699-704. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03373-3
Sallam HN, Garcia-Velasco JA, Dias S, et al. Long-term pituitary down-regulation before in vitro fertilization (IVF) for women with endometriosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;2006(1):Cd004635. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004635.pub2
de Ziegler D, Gayet V, Aubriot FX, et al. Use of oral contraceptives in women with endometriosis before assisted reproduction treatment improves outcomes. Fertility and Sterility. 2010;94(7):2796-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.05.056
KISSLER S, ZANGOS S, WIEGRATZ I, et al. Utero-Tubal Sperm Transport and Its Impairment in Endometriosis and Adenomyosis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2007;1101(1):38-48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1389.036
Stratopoulou CA, Donnez J, Dolmans M-M. Origin and Pathogenic Mechanisms of Uterine Adenomyosis: What Is Known So Far. Reproductive Sciences. 2021;28(8):2087-97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-020-00361-w
Horton J, Sterrenburg M, Lane S, et al. Reproductive, obstetric, and perinatal outcomes of women with adenomyosis and endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Human Reproduction Update. 2019;25(5):593-633. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmz012
Hirata JD, Moghissi KS, Ginsburg KA. Pregnancy after medical therapy of adenomyosis with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. Fertility and Sterility. 1993;59(2):444-5. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)55703-3
Niu Z, Chen Q, Sun Y, et al. Long-term pituitary downregulation before frozen embryo transfer could improve pregnancy outcomes in women with adenomyosis. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2013;29(12):1026-30. https://doi.org/10.3109/09513590.2013.824960
Rivera R, Yacobson I, Grimes D. The mechanism of action of hormonal contraceptives and intrauterine contraceptive devices. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 1999;181(5):1263-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(99)70120-1
Shaaban OM, Ali MK, Sabra AMA, et al. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system versus a low-dose combined oral contraceptive for treatment of adenomyotic uteri: a randomized clinical trial. Contraception. 2015;92(4):301-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2015.05.015
Landersoe SK, Larsen EC, Forman JL, et al. Ovarian reserve markers and endocrine profile during oral contraception: Is there a link between the degree of ovarian suppression and AMH? Gynecol Endocrinol. 2020;36(12):1090-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2020.1756250
Bentzen JG, Forman JL, Pinborg A, et al. Ovarian reserve parameters: a comparison between users and non-users of hormonal contraception. Reprod Biomed Online. 2012;25(6):612-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.09.001
Letourneau JM, Cakmak H, Quinn M, et al. Long-term hormonal contraceptive use is associated with a reversible suppression of antral follicle count and a break from hormonal contraception may improve oocyte yield. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2017;34(9):1137-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-017-0981-8
Barad DH, Kim A, Kubba H, et al. Does hormonal contraception prior to in vitro fertilization (IVF) negatively affect oocyte yields? - A pilot study. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2013;11(1):28. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-11-28
Gleicher N, Weghofer A, Barad DH. The role of androgens in follicle maturation and ovulation induction: friend or foe of infertility treatment? Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2011;9(116. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-9-116
Grow DR, Iromloo K. Oral contraceptives maintain a very thin endometrium before operative hysteroscopy. Fertil Steril. 2006;85(1):204-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.06.044
Curtis KM, Tepper NK, Jatlaoui TC, et al. U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2016. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2016;65(3):1-103. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.rr6503a1
Tayob Y, Adams J, Jacobs HS, et al. Ultrasound demonstration of increased frequency of functional ovarian cysts in women using progestogen-only oral contraception. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1985;92(10):1003-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1985.tb02994.x
Spanos WJ. Preoperative hormonal therapy of cystic adnexal masses. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1973;116(4):551-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(73)90913-7
Anderson RE, Serafini PC, Paulson RJ, et al. Detection and management of pathological, non-palpable, cystic adnexal masses. Hum Reprod. 1990;5(3):279-81. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137089
Grimes DA, Jones LB, Lopez LM, et al. Oral contraceptives for functional ovarian cysts. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;2014(4):Cd006134. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006134.pub5
Tomassetti C, Johnson NP, Petrozza J, et al. An international terminology for endometriosis, 2021(). Hum Reprod Open. 2021;2021(4):hoab029. https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoab029
Kalaitzopoulos DR, Samartzis N, Kolovos GN, et al. Treatment of endometriosis: a review with comparison of 8 guidelines. BMC Womens Health. 2021;21(1):397. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-021-01545-5
Becker CM, Bokor A, Heikinheimo O, et al. ESHRE guideline: endometriosis. Hum Reprod Open. 2022;2022(2):hoac009. https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoac009
Etrusco A, Barra F, Chiantera V, et al. Current Medical Therapy for Adenomyosis: From Bench to Bedside. Drugs. 2023;83(17):1595-611. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-023-01957-7
Schindler AE. Non-contraceptive use of hormonal contraceptives. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2008;24(5):235-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590802005562
Maia Jr H, Casoy J, Correia T, et al. Effect of the menstrual cycle and oral contraceptives on aromatase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in adenomyosis. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2006;22(10):547-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590601005375
Vannuccini S, Luisi S, Tosti C, et al. Role of medical therapy in the management of uterine adenomyosis. Fertility and Sterility. 2018;109(3):398-405. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.013
Hoeger KM, Dokras A, Piltonen T. Update on PCOS: Consequences, Challenges, and Guiding Treatment. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2020;106(3):e1071-e83. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa839
Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertility and Sterility. 2004;81(1):19-25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004
Teede HJ, Tay CT, Laven JJE, et al. Recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2023;189(2):G43-G64. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejendo/lvad096
Referanslar
ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 110: noncontraceptive uses of hormonal contraceptives. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;115(1):206-18. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181cb50b5
Farquhar C, Rombauts L, Kremer JA, et al. Oral contraceptive pill, progestogen or oestrogen pretreatment for ovarian stimulation protocols for women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;5(5):Cd006109. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006109.pub3
The use of hormonal contraceptives in fertility treatments: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril. 2024;122(2):243-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.02.032
Ovarian Stimulation T, Bosch E, Broer S, et al. ESHRE guideline: ovarian stimulation for IVF/ICSI(†). Hum Reprod Open. 2020;2020(2):hoaa009. https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoaa009
Nassar J, Tadros T, Adda-Herzog E, et al. Steroid hormone pretreatments in assisted reproductive technology. Fertil Steril. 2016;106(7):1608-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.09.013
Chen M, Han H, Chuai Y, et al. Effects of oral contraceptives on ovulation induction in in vitro fertilization patients with premature ovarian insufficiency. Climacteric. 2018;21(3):276-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2018.1439912
Lindheim SR, Barad DH, Witt B, et al. Short-term gonadotropin suppression with oral contraceptives benefits poor responders prior to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1996;13(9):745-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02066431
Cédrin-Durnerin I, Bständig B, Parneix I, et al. Effects of oral contraceptive, synthetic progestogen or natural estrogen pre-treatments on the hormonal profile and the antral follicle cohort before GnRH antagonist protocol. Hum Reprod. 2007;22(1):109-16. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/del340
Al-Inany HG, Youssef MA, Aboulghar M, et al. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonists for assisted reproductive technology. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;5):Cd001750. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001750.pub3
Gizzo S, Andrisani A, Noventa M, et al. Pretreatment with oral contraceptive pills to identify poor responders that may benefit from rLH supplementation during GnRH-antagonist treatment for IVF: A pilot perspective study proposal. Exp Ther Med. 2015;10(5):1692-6. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2734
Huirne JAF, van Loenen ACD, Donnez J, et al. Effect of an oral contraceptive pill on follicular development in IVF/ICSI patients receiving a GnRH antagonist: a randomized study. Reproductive BioMedicine Online. 2006;13(2):235-45. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S1472-6483(10)60621-9
Griesinger G, Venetis CA, Marx T, et al. Oral contraceptive pill pretreatment in ovarian stimulation with GnRH antagonists for IVF: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril. 2008;90(4):1055-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1354
Li J, Sun Y, Mo S, et al. Effects of oral contraceptive for different responder women before GnRH antagonists: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2021;37(11):977-86. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2021.1918664
Montoya-Botero P, Martinez F, Rodríguez-Purata J, et al. The effect of type of oral contraceptive pill and duration of use on fresh and cumulative live birth rates in IVF/ICSI cycles. Hum Reprod. 2020;35(4):826-36. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez299
Abu-Musa A, Haahr T, Humaidan P. Novel Physiology and Definition of Poor Ovarian Response; Clinical Recommendations. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(6):https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062110
Kim CH, Jeon GH, Cheon YP, et al. Comparison of GnRH antagonist protocol with or without oral contraceptive pill pretreatment and GnRH agonist low-dose long protocol in low responders undergoing IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Fertil Steril. 2009;92(5):1758-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.05.013
Schoolcraft W, Schlenker T, Gee M, et al. Improved controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in poor responder in vitro fertilization patients with a microdose follicle-stimulating hormone flare, growth hormone protocol. Fertil Steril. 1997;67(1):93-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81862-6
Lu Y, Wang Y, Zhang T, et al. Effect of pretreatment oral contraceptives on fresh and cumulative live birth in vitro fertilization outcomes in ovulatory women. Fertil Steril. 2020;114(4):779-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.05.021
al-Mizyen E, Sabatini L, Lower AM, et al. Does pretreatment with progestogen or oral contraceptive pills in low responders followed by the GnRHa flare protocol improve the outcome of IVF-ET? J Assist Reprod Genet. 2000;17(3):140-6. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009462004650
Fanchin R, Cunha-Filho JS, Schonäuer LM, et al. Coordination of early antral follicles by luteal estradiol administration provides a basis for alternative controlled ovarian hyperstimulation regimens. Fertil Steril. 2003;79(2):316-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04574-0
Fanchin R, Salomon L, Castelo-Branco A, et al. Luteal estradiol pre-treatment coordinates follicular growth during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with GnRH antagonists. Hum Reprod. 2003;18(12):2698-703. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg516
Mais V, Cetel NS, Muse KN, et al. Hormonal dynamics during luteal-follicular transition. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1987;64(6):1109-14. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-64-6-1109
Wu N, Li X, Zeng C, et al. Pretreatment with oral contraceptives benefit POSEIDON group 1 low prognosis patients during GnRH-antagonist protocol: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study. Journal of Ovarian Research. 2025;18(1):47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-025-01613-6
Schmitz C, Bocca S, Beydoun H, et al. Does the degree of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian recovery after oral contraceptive pills affect outcomes of IVF/ICSI cycles receiving GnRH-antagonist adjuvant therapy in women over 35 years of age? J Assist Reprod Genet. 2012;29(9):877-82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-012-9812-0
Fitzgerald C, Elstein M, Spona J. Effect of age on the response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis to a combined oral contraceptive. Fertility and Sterility. 1999;71(6):1079-84. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(99)00146-6
Surrey ES, Bower J, Hill DM, et al. Clinical and endocrine effects of a microdose GnRH agonist flare regimen administered to poor responders who are undergoing in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril. 1998;69(3):419-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00575-x
Kim C-H, You R-M, Kang H-J, et al. GnRH antagonist multiple dose protocol with oral contraceptive pill pretreatment in poor responders undergoing IVF/ICSI. Clin Exp Reprod Med. 2011;38(4):228-33. https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2011.38.4.228
Copperman AB. Antagonists in poor-responder patients. Fertil Steril. 2003;80 Suppl 1(S16-24; discussion S32-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00765-9
Wei D, Shi Y, Li J, et al. Effect of pretreatment with oral contraceptives and progestins on IVF outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2017;32(2):354-61. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dew325
Pan JX, Liu Y, Ke ZH, et al. Successive and cyclic oral contraceptive pill pretreatment improves IVF/ICSI outcomes of PCOS patients and ameliorates hyperandrogenism and antral follicle excess. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015;31(4):332-6. https://doi.org/10.3109/09513590.2014.995621
Wang L, Zhao Y, Dong X, et al. Could pretreatment with oral contraceptives before pituitary down regulation reduce the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in the IVF/ICSI procedure? Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8(2):2711-8.
Surrey ES, Silverberg KM, Surrey MW, et al. Effect of prolonged gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy on the outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in patients with endometriosis. Fertil Steril. 2002;78(4):699-704. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03373-3
Sallam HN, Garcia-Velasco JA, Dias S, et al. Long-term pituitary down-regulation before in vitro fertilization (IVF) for women with endometriosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;2006(1):Cd004635. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004635.pub2
de Ziegler D, Gayet V, Aubriot FX, et al. Use of oral contraceptives in women with endometriosis before assisted reproduction treatment improves outcomes. Fertility and Sterility. 2010;94(7):2796-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.05.056
KISSLER S, ZANGOS S, WIEGRATZ I, et al. Utero-Tubal Sperm Transport and Its Impairment in Endometriosis and Adenomyosis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2007;1101(1):38-48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1389.036
Stratopoulou CA, Donnez J, Dolmans M-M. Origin and Pathogenic Mechanisms of Uterine Adenomyosis: What Is Known So Far. Reproductive Sciences. 2021;28(8):2087-97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-020-00361-w
Horton J, Sterrenburg M, Lane S, et al. Reproductive, obstetric, and perinatal outcomes of women with adenomyosis and endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Human Reproduction Update. 2019;25(5):593-633. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmz012
Hirata JD, Moghissi KS, Ginsburg KA. Pregnancy after medical therapy of adenomyosis with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. Fertility and Sterility. 1993;59(2):444-5. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)55703-3
Niu Z, Chen Q, Sun Y, et al. Long-term pituitary downregulation before frozen embryo transfer could improve pregnancy outcomes in women with adenomyosis. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2013;29(12):1026-30. https://doi.org/10.3109/09513590.2013.824960
Rivera R, Yacobson I, Grimes D. The mechanism of action of hormonal contraceptives and intrauterine contraceptive devices. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 1999;181(5):1263-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(99)70120-1
Shaaban OM, Ali MK, Sabra AMA, et al. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system versus a low-dose combined oral contraceptive for treatment of adenomyotic uteri: a randomized clinical trial. Contraception. 2015;92(4):301-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2015.05.015
Landersoe SK, Larsen EC, Forman JL, et al. Ovarian reserve markers and endocrine profile during oral contraception: Is there a link between the degree of ovarian suppression and AMH? Gynecol Endocrinol. 2020;36(12):1090-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2020.1756250
Bentzen JG, Forman JL, Pinborg A, et al. Ovarian reserve parameters: a comparison between users and non-users of hormonal contraception. Reprod Biomed Online. 2012;25(6):612-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.09.001
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