Petrol ve Petrol Türevleri ve Toprak Kirliliği
Özet
Bütün dünya ülkeleri, petrol kullandığı için petrol kirliliği ile karşı karşıyadır ve tehdidi altındadır. Petrol kirliliği zaman zaman çeşitli kazalarla ve olaylarla sürekli gündeme gelmiştir. Petrol arama ve üretim çalışmaları esnasında meydana gelen kazalardan kaynaklı petrol sızıntıları ekosistemlere önemli zararlar verir. Bu gibi durumlarda, yüksek adsorbe edici yüzey alanı nedeniyle toprak kirlenir ve büyük miktarda kirletici biriktirebilir. Petrolle kirlenmiş topraklar, tarımsal ve rekreasyonel kullanımlar için uygun olmayıp, yüzey ve yeraltı sularının kirlenmesine yol açabilecek potansiyel kaynaklardır. Bu bölümde “Petrol ve türevlerinden kaynaklanan toprak kirliliği” detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmaktadır. Petrol ve türevlerinin yapısı, oluşum süreci, Türkiye ve Dünyadaki petrol faaliyetleri, toprak kirliliğine etkisi, toprağı nasıl kirlettiği, petrolle kirlenmiş toprakların temizlenmesinde kullanılan yöntemler ayrıntılı bir şekilde tartışılmıştır. Böylece bölüm, petrol ve petrol türevlerinin yapısını, toprak kirliliğine nasıl yol açtığını ve kirliliğin giderilmesinde nasıl bir yol izlenmesi gerektiği noktasında açıklayıcı bilgiler vererek, bu konuda yol gösterici bir şablon sunmaktadır.
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