Over Kitleleri
Özet
Referanslar
Fiegel HC, et al. Ovarian lesions and tumors in infants and older children. Innov Surg Sci. 2021. PMID: 35937851.
Oltmann SC, Garcia N, Barber R, Huang R, Hicks B, Fischer A. Pediatric ovarian malignancy: how aggressive should we be? J Pediatr Surg. 2010;45(6):1093-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg. 2010.02.101
Cass DL, Hawkins E, Brandt ML, et al. Surgery for ovarian masses in infants, children, and adolescents: 102 consecutive patients treated at a single institution. J Pediatr Surg. 2001;36(7):1107-11. doi:10.1053/jpsu.2001.25467
Birbas E, Kanavos T, Gkrozou F, et al. Ovarian masses in children and adolescents: a review of the literature with emphasis on the diagnostic approach. Children (Basel). 2023 Jun 27;10(7):1114. doi: 10.3390/children10071114.
Bascietto F, Liberati M, Marrone L, et al. Outcome of fetal ovarian cysts diagnosed on prenatal ultrasound examination: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jul;50(1):20-31. doi: 10.1002/uog.16002. Epub 2017 Jun 7. PMID: 27325566 Free article. Review.
Saxena AK, Mutanen A, Gorter R, et al. European Paediatric Surgeons’ Association Consensus Statement on the management of neonatal ovarian simple cysts. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2024 Jun;34(3):215-221. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1771211. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
Trinh TW, Kennedy AM. Fetal ovarian cysts: review of imaging spectrum, differential diagnosis, management, and outcome. Radiographics. 2015 Mar-Apr;35(2):621-35. doi: 10.1148/rg.352140073.
Amies Oelschalger AME, Gow KW, Morse CB, et al. Management of large ovarian neoplasms in pediatric and adolescent females. J Pedi. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2016 Apr;29(2):88-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2014.07.018.Epub 2014 Aug 12.
Young RH, Scully RE."Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome." Am J Surg Pathol. 1983;7(2):143–152.
Ognjanovic S, Olivier M, Bergemann TL, et al. "Cancer incidence and survival in Li-Fraumeni syndrome families." J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012;104(6):475–485.
Bryant AE, Laufer MR. Fetal ovarian cysts: incidence, diagnosis and management. J Reprod Med. 2004 May;49(5):329-37. PMID: 15214704 Review.
Baker SC, et al. Neonatal ovarian cysts: a clinical and sonographic review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2000;16(6):582–586.
De Silva KS, Kanumakala S, Grover SR, et al. Ovarian lesions in children and adolescence—an 11-year review. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2004; 17:951–957.
Strickland J, Hertwick SP. Pediatric and adolescent gynecology. In: Holcomb GW, Murphy JP, St. Peter SD, editors. Ashcraft’s Pediatric Surgery. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2020. p. 1196–7.
Shinagare AB, et al. "Ovarian torsion and hemorrhagic cysts in adolescents: US and CT findings." Radiographics. 2012;32(2): E45–E61.
Cass DL. Ovarian masses in the newborn, infant, and adolescent child. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2004;16(4):305–309.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Committee Opinion No. 749: Evaluation and Management of Adnexal Masses in Adolescents. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;132(5): e210–e226.
Cass DL. Ovarian masses in the newborn, infant, and adolescent child. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2004;16(4):305–309.
Spinelli C, et al. Ovarian masses in children and adolescents: results of a 15-year experience. Pediatr Med Chir. 2013;35(3):115–9.
Głowska‐Ciemny J, Szymański M, Kuszerska A, et al. “The Role of Alpha‐Fetoprotein (AFP) in Contemporary Oncology: The Path From a Diagnostic Biomarker to an Anticancer Drug,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (2023): 2539.
Amin A. Yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumors, primitive endodermal tumors) pathology [Internet]. In: Cheng L, editor. Medscape eMedicine. Updated 2025 Apr 22 [cited 2025 Jul 31]. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1612196-overview
Yanfeng Y, Xin Z, Dan C, et al. Adolescent non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma: report of a case and review of literatüre, PMCID: PMC6947102 PMID: 31933999. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2019 May 1;12(5):1788–1794.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Ovarian Cancer. Version 1.2023. NCCN.org [Internet]. ©️2023 [cited 2025 Jul 31]. Available from: https://www.nccn.org
Taskinen S, Fagerholm R, Lohi J, et al. Pediatric ovarian neoplastic tumors: incidence, age at presentation, tumor markers and outcome. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014.
Jung SE et al. CT and MR Imaging of Ovarian Tumors with Emphasis on Differential Diagnosis. Radiographics. 2002;22(6):1305–1325.
Lam, C.Z.; Chavhan, G.B. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pediatric Adnexal Masses and Mimics. Pediatr. Radiol. 2018, 48, 1291–1306.
FIGO Committee on Gynecologic Oncology. Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2014;124(1):1–5.
Birbas E, Kanavos T, Gkrozou F, et al. Ovarian masses in children and adolescents: a review of the literature with emphasis on the diagnostic approach. Children (Basel). 2023;10(7):1114. doi:10.3390/children10071114.
Ergun-Longmire B, Greydanus DE. Ovarian tumors in the pediatric population: An update. Dis Mon. 2024;101691.
Oltmann SC, Fischer A, Barber R, et al. Cannot exclude torsion--a 15-year review. J Pediatr Surg 2009; 44:1212–7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jpedsurg.2009.02.028
Parasar P, Ozcan P, Terry KL. Endometriosis: epidemiology, diagnosis and clinical management. Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep. 2017; 6:34–41.
Guo SW, Ding D, Shen M, et al. Dating endometriotic ovarian cysts based on the content of cyst fluid and its potential clinical implications. Reprod Sci. 2015;22(7):873–83.
Ngo A-V, Otjen JP, Parisi MT, et al. Pediatric ovarian torsion: a pictorial review. Pediatr Radiol. 2015; 45:1845–55. doi:10.1007/s00247-015-3385-x.
Tay SK. Pelvic inflammatory disease in adolescents in an urban community hospital in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2004;33(5):649–653.
Diamond MP, Baxter JW, Peerman Jr CG, et al. Occurrence of ovarian malignancy in childhood and adolescence: a community-wide evaluation. Obstet Gynecol, 71 (6 Pt 1) (1988), pp. 858-860 Jun
Taskinen S, Fagerholm R, Lohi J, et al. Pediatric ovarian neoplastic tumors: incidence, age at presentation, tumor markers and outcome. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2015 Apr;94(4):425-9. doi: 10.1111/aogs.12598. Epub 2015 Feb 27. PMID: 25640522.
Miller KD, et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2019.
Zambrano E, Reyes-Múgica M (2023) Pediatric germ cell tumors. Semin Diagn Pathol 40(1):52–62
Kurman RJ et al. WHO Classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive Organs. 5th ed. IARC; 2020.
Young RH, Scully RE. Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1988;5(4):261–88.
Outwater EK, Siegelman ES, Hunt JL. Ovarian Teratomas: Tumor Types and Imaging Characteristics. Radiographics. 2001;21(2):475–490.
Norris HJ. The Pathology of Ovarian Teratomas. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1976;48(4):523–532
Low JJH, Perrin LC, Crandon AJ, Hacker NF. Conservative surgery to preserve ovarian function in malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. Cancer. 2000;89(2):391–8.
Pectasides D, Pectasides E, Kassanos D. Germ cell tumors of the ovary. Oncology. 2004;66(4):281–91.
Ahmed G, Khalil SA, Elshafiey M, et al. Management strategy for children with ovarian immature teratoma: results from a tertiary pediatric oncology center. World J Surg Oncol. 2024;22(1):176. doi:10.1186/s12957-024-03452-z. PMID: 38965563.
Göbel U, Calaminus G, Schneider DT, et al. Treatment of immature ovarian teratomas in children and adolescents. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2006;47(6):785–8.
Moraru L, Mitranovici MI, Chiorean DM, et al. Immature teratoma: diagnosis and management—A review of the literature. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023;13(9):1516. doi:10.3390/diagnostics13091516.
Talerman A. Germ cell tumors of the ovary. In: Kurman RJ, editor. Blaustein’s Pathology of the Female Genital Tract. 5th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2002. p. 967–1033.
Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. SEER Pediatric Dataset, 2019–2024. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. Available from: https://seer.cancer.gov
Brown J, Friedlander M, Backes FJ, et al. Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG) consensus review for ovarian germ cell tumors. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2014;24(9 Suppl 3):S48–54.
Gadducci A, Guerrieri ME, Cosio S, Genazzani AR. Malignant germ cell tumors and sex cord stromal tumors of the ovary. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2008;65(3):208–20.
Billmire D, Vinocur C, Rescorla F, et al. Ovarian germ cell tumors in children. J Pediatr Surg. 2004;39(6):754–60. PMID: 16206211.
WHO Classification of Tumors Editorial Board. Female Genital Tumors. 5th ed. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2020. ISBN: 978-92-832-4504-9.
Brown J, Sood AK, Deavers MT, et al. Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors: a comprehensive review. Gynecol Oncol. 2005;97(2):398–412.
Nkenguye W, Mremi A, Minja P, et al. Pediatric ovarian yolk sac tumor mimicking appendicitis: a case report from a low-resource setting. Clin Case Rep. 2024;12(12):e70013. doi:10.1002/ccr3.70013. PMID: 39687655.
Schindewolffs L, Dierks C, Heppelmann M, et al. Testicular yolk sac tumor and impaired spermatogenesis in a Holstein Friesian calf. Syst Biol Reprod Med. 2015;61(5):314–9.
Kong B, Tian YJ, Zhu WW. A pure nongestational ovarian choriocarcinoma in a 10-year-old girl: case report and literature review. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2009;35(3):574–7.
Lee AJ, Im YJ, Shim SH, et al. Successful treatment of nongestational choriocarcinoma in a 15-year-old girl: a case report. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2021;34(2):231–3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2020.11.004. PMID: 33189896.
Gwyn K, Zobel M, Malempati S, et al. Ovarian tumors in children and adolescents: the Hospital for Sick Children 34-year experience. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1995;17(2):125–32.
Young RH, Scully RE. Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors: a clinicopathologic analysis of 207 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1985;9(8):543–69.
Billmire DF, Rescorla FJ, Vinocur CD, et al. Malignant germ cell tumors in children. J Pediatr Surg. 1997;32(7):1004–13.
Referanslar
Fiegel HC, et al. Ovarian lesions and tumors in infants and older children. Innov Surg Sci. 2021. PMID: 35937851.
Oltmann SC, Garcia N, Barber R, Huang R, Hicks B, Fischer A. Pediatric ovarian malignancy: how aggressive should we be? J Pediatr Surg. 2010;45(6):1093-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg. 2010.02.101
Cass DL, Hawkins E, Brandt ML, et al. Surgery for ovarian masses in infants, children, and adolescents: 102 consecutive patients treated at a single institution. J Pediatr Surg. 2001;36(7):1107-11. doi:10.1053/jpsu.2001.25467
Birbas E, Kanavos T, Gkrozou F, et al. Ovarian masses in children and adolescents: a review of the literature with emphasis on the diagnostic approach. Children (Basel). 2023 Jun 27;10(7):1114. doi: 10.3390/children10071114.
Bascietto F, Liberati M, Marrone L, et al. Outcome of fetal ovarian cysts diagnosed on prenatal ultrasound examination: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jul;50(1):20-31. doi: 10.1002/uog.16002. Epub 2017 Jun 7. PMID: 27325566 Free article. Review.
Saxena AK, Mutanen A, Gorter R, et al. European Paediatric Surgeons’ Association Consensus Statement on the management of neonatal ovarian simple cysts. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2024 Jun;34(3):215-221. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1771211. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
Trinh TW, Kennedy AM. Fetal ovarian cysts: review of imaging spectrum, differential diagnosis, management, and outcome. Radiographics. 2015 Mar-Apr;35(2):621-35. doi: 10.1148/rg.352140073.
Amies Oelschalger AME, Gow KW, Morse CB, et al. Management of large ovarian neoplasms in pediatric and adolescent females. J Pedi. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2016 Apr;29(2):88-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2014.07.018.Epub 2014 Aug 12.
Young RH, Scully RE."Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome." Am J Surg Pathol. 1983;7(2):143–152.
Ognjanovic S, Olivier M, Bergemann TL, et al. "Cancer incidence and survival in Li-Fraumeni syndrome families." J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012;104(6):475–485.
Bryant AE, Laufer MR. Fetal ovarian cysts: incidence, diagnosis and management. J Reprod Med. 2004 May;49(5):329-37. PMID: 15214704 Review.
Baker SC, et al. Neonatal ovarian cysts: a clinical and sonographic review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2000;16(6):582–586.
De Silva KS, Kanumakala S, Grover SR, et al. Ovarian lesions in children and adolescence—an 11-year review. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2004; 17:951–957.
Strickland J, Hertwick SP. Pediatric and adolescent gynecology. In: Holcomb GW, Murphy JP, St. Peter SD, editors. Ashcraft’s Pediatric Surgery. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2020. p. 1196–7.
Shinagare AB, et al. "Ovarian torsion and hemorrhagic cysts in adolescents: US and CT findings." Radiographics. 2012;32(2): E45–E61.
Cass DL. Ovarian masses in the newborn, infant, and adolescent child. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2004;16(4):305–309.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Committee Opinion No. 749: Evaluation and Management of Adnexal Masses in Adolescents. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;132(5): e210–e226.
Cass DL. Ovarian masses in the newborn, infant, and adolescent child. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2004;16(4):305–309.
Spinelli C, et al. Ovarian masses in children and adolescents: results of a 15-year experience. Pediatr Med Chir. 2013;35(3):115–9.
Głowska‐Ciemny J, Szymański M, Kuszerska A, et al. “The Role of Alpha‐Fetoprotein (AFP) in Contemporary Oncology: The Path From a Diagnostic Biomarker to an Anticancer Drug,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (2023): 2539.
Amin A. Yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumors, primitive endodermal tumors) pathology [Internet]. In: Cheng L, editor. Medscape eMedicine. Updated 2025 Apr 22 [cited 2025 Jul 31]. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1612196-overview
Yanfeng Y, Xin Z, Dan C, et al. Adolescent non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma: report of a case and review of literatüre, PMCID: PMC6947102 PMID: 31933999. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2019 May 1;12(5):1788–1794.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Ovarian Cancer. Version 1.2023. NCCN.org [Internet]. ©️2023 [cited 2025 Jul 31]. Available from: https://www.nccn.org
Taskinen S, Fagerholm R, Lohi J, et al. Pediatric ovarian neoplastic tumors: incidence, age at presentation, tumor markers and outcome. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014.
Jung SE et al. CT and MR Imaging of Ovarian Tumors with Emphasis on Differential Diagnosis. Radiographics. 2002;22(6):1305–1325.
Lam, C.Z.; Chavhan, G.B. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pediatric Adnexal Masses and Mimics. Pediatr. Radiol. 2018, 48, 1291–1306.
FIGO Committee on Gynecologic Oncology. Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2014;124(1):1–5.
Birbas E, Kanavos T, Gkrozou F, et al. Ovarian masses in children and adolescents: a review of the literature with emphasis on the diagnostic approach. Children (Basel). 2023;10(7):1114. doi:10.3390/children10071114.
Ergun-Longmire B, Greydanus DE. Ovarian tumors in the pediatric population: An update. Dis Mon. 2024;101691.
Oltmann SC, Fischer A, Barber R, et al. Cannot exclude torsion--a 15-year review. J Pediatr Surg 2009; 44:1212–7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jpedsurg.2009.02.028
Parasar P, Ozcan P, Terry KL. Endometriosis: epidemiology, diagnosis and clinical management. Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep. 2017; 6:34–41.
Guo SW, Ding D, Shen M, et al. Dating endometriotic ovarian cysts based on the content of cyst fluid and its potential clinical implications. Reprod Sci. 2015;22(7):873–83.
Ngo A-V, Otjen JP, Parisi MT, et al. Pediatric ovarian torsion: a pictorial review. Pediatr Radiol. 2015; 45:1845–55. doi:10.1007/s00247-015-3385-x.
Tay SK. Pelvic inflammatory disease in adolescents in an urban community hospital in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2004;33(5):649–653.
Diamond MP, Baxter JW, Peerman Jr CG, et al. Occurrence of ovarian malignancy in childhood and adolescence: a community-wide evaluation. Obstet Gynecol, 71 (6 Pt 1) (1988), pp. 858-860 Jun
Taskinen S, Fagerholm R, Lohi J, et al. Pediatric ovarian neoplastic tumors: incidence, age at presentation, tumor markers and outcome. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2015 Apr;94(4):425-9. doi: 10.1111/aogs.12598. Epub 2015 Feb 27. PMID: 25640522.
Miller KD, et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2019.
Zambrano E, Reyes-Múgica M (2023) Pediatric germ cell tumors. Semin Diagn Pathol 40(1):52–62
Kurman RJ et al. WHO Classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive Organs. 5th ed. IARC; 2020.
Young RH, Scully RE. Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1988;5(4):261–88.
Outwater EK, Siegelman ES, Hunt JL. Ovarian Teratomas: Tumor Types and Imaging Characteristics. Radiographics. 2001;21(2):475–490.
Norris HJ. The Pathology of Ovarian Teratomas. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1976;48(4):523–532
Low JJH, Perrin LC, Crandon AJ, Hacker NF. Conservative surgery to preserve ovarian function in malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. Cancer. 2000;89(2):391–8.
Pectasides D, Pectasides E, Kassanos D. Germ cell tumors of the ovary. Oncology. 2004;66(4):281–91.
Ahmed G, Khalil SA, Elshafiey M, et al. Management strategy for children with ovarian immature teratoma: results from a tertiary pediatric oncology center. World J Surg Oncol. 2024;22(1):176. doi:10.1186/s12957-024-03452-z. PMID: 38965563.
Göbel U, Calaminus G, Schneider DT, et al. Treatment of immature ovarian teratomas in children and adolescents. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2006;47(6):785–8.
Moraru L, Mitranovici MI, Chiorean DM, et al. Immature teratoma: diagnosis and management—A review of the literature. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023;13(9):1516. doi:10.3390/diagnostics13091516.
Talerman A. Germ cell tumors of the ovary. In: Kurman RJ, editor. Blaustein’s Pathology of the Female Genital Tract. 5th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2002. p. 967–1033.
Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. SEER Pediatric Dataset, 2019–2024. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. Available from: https://seer.cancer.gov
Brown J, Friedlander M, Backes FJ, et al. Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG) consensus review for ovarian germ cell tumors. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2014;24(9 Suppl 3):S48–54.
Gadducci A, Guerrieri ME, Cosio S, Genazzani AR. Malignant germ cell tumors and sex cord stromal tumors of the ovary. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2008;65(3):208–20.
Billmire D, Vinocur C, Rescorla F, et al. Ovarian germ cell tumors in children. J Pediatr Surg. 2004;39(6):754–60. PMID: 16206211.
WHO Classification of Tumors Editorial Board. Female Genital Tumors. 5th ed. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2020. ISBN: 978-92-832-4504-9.
Brown J, Sood AK, Deavers MT, et al. Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors: a comprehensive review. Gynecol Oncol. 2005;97(2):398–412.
Nkenguye W, Mremi A, Minja P, et al. Pediatric ovarian yolk sac tumor mimicking appendicitis: a case report from a low-resource setting. Clin Case Rep. 2024;12(12):e70013. doi:10.1002/ccr3.70013. PMID: 39687655.
Schindewolffs L, Dierks C, Heppelmann M, et al. Testicular yolk sac tumor and impaired spermatogenesis in a Holstein Friesian calf. Syst Biol Reprod Med. 2015;61(5):314–9.
Kong B, Tian YJ, Zhu WW. A pure nongestational ovarian choriocarcinoma in a 10-year-old girl: case report and literature review. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2009;35(3):574–7.
Lee AJ, Im YJ, Shim SH, et al. Successful treatment of nongestational choriocarcinoma in a 15-year-old girl: a case report. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2021;34(2):231–3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2020.11.004. PMID: 33189896.
Gwyn K, Zobel M, Malempati S, et al. Ovarian tumors in children and adolescents: the Hospital for Sick Children 34-year experience. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1995;17(2):125–32.
Young RH, Scully RE. Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors: a clinicopathologic analysis of 207 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1985;9(8):543–69.
Billmire DF, Rescorla FJ, Vinocur CD, et al. Malignant germ cell tumors in children. J Pediatr Surg. 1997;32(7):1004–13.
