Hipospadias

Yazarlar

Fatma Bilgecan Şimşek

Özet

Referanslar

Halaseh SA, Halaseh S, Ashour M. Hypospadias: a comprehensive review including its embryology, etiology and surgical techniques. Cureus. 2022;14(7):e27544. doi:10.7759/cureus.27544.

Hadidi AT (ed.). Hypospadias Surgery. 2nd ed. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2022. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-94248-9.

Özen MA. Sünnet ve Hipospadias. In: Ulukaya Durakbaşa Ç, Özel K (eds.). Çocuk Cerrahisi. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri; 2022. p. 341–3.

Albadawi EA, Alzaman NS, Elhassan YH, et al. The association between maternal endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure during pregnancy and the incidence of male urogenital defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Metabolites. 2024;14(9):477. doi:10.3390/metabo14090477.

Baskin L. What is hypospadias? Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2017;56(5):409–418. doi:10.1177/0009922816684613.

Abbas TO (ed.). Video Atlas of Hypospadias Surgery. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore; 2024. doi:10.1007/978-981-99-0795-3.

Wood D, Wilcox D. Hypospadias: lessons learned—an overview of incidence, epidemiology, surgery, research, complications, and outcomes. Int J Impot Res. 2023;35(1):61–66. doi: 10.1038/s41443-022-00563-7.

Chang J, Wang S, Zheng Z. Etiology of hypospadias: a comparative review of genetic factors and developmental processes between human and animal models. Res Rep Urol. 2020;12:673–686. doi:10.2147/RRU.S276141

Sparks TN. Hypospadias. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2021;225(5):B18–B20. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.06.045.

Gul M, Hildorf S, Silay MS. Sexual functions and fertility outcomes after hypospadias repair. Int J Impot Res. 2021;33(2):149–163. doi: 10.1038/s41443-020-00377-5.

Kashkoush JI, Steckler R. Hypospadias. In: Coppola CP, Kennedy AP Jr, Lessin MS, Scorpio RJ (eds.). Pediatric Surgery: Diagnosis and Treatment. 2nd ed. Cham: Springer; 2022. p. 963–968. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-96542-6_88.

Mattiske DM, Pask AJ. Endocrine disrupting chemicals in the pathogenesis of hypospadias; developmental and toxicological perspectives. Curr Res Toxicol. 2021;2:179–191. doi: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.03.004.

Spinoit AF, Reisman Y. Hypospadias: psychosocial and sexual development and consequences. In: Hadidi AT (ed.). Hypospadias Surgery. Cham: Springer; 2022. p. 897–905. doi: 10.1002/j.1939-4640.2005.tb01078.x.

Tack LJW, Springer A, Riedl S, et al. Psychosexual outcome, sexual function, and long-term satisfaction of adolescent and young adult men after childhood hypospadias repair. J Sex Med. 2020;17(9):1665–1675. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.04.002.

Gearhart JP, Rink RC, Mouriquand PDE (eds.). Pediatric Urology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2009.

Yiee JH, Baskin LS. Penile embryology and anatomy. ScientificWorldJournal. 2010;10:1174–1179. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2010.112.

Baskin LS. New insights into hypospadias: next-generation sequencing reveals potential genetic factors in male urethral development. Eur Urol. 2021;79(4):516–518. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2021.01.006.

Nelson ED. Penile anomalies and circumcision. In: Fundamentals of Pediatric Surgery. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2017. p. 711–724. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27443-0_89.

Cherian A. Disorders of male external genitalia: hypospadias, epispadias, concealed penis, urethral disorders. In: Guide to Pediatric Urology and Surgery in Clinical Practice. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2020. p. 33–44. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-24730-0_5.

Anand S, Lotfollahzadeh S. Hypospadias urogenital reconstruction. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan–. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK564407/.

Atasever HE, Bahadır GB, Sürer İ. Hypospadias scoring challenges: a pilot study on GMS interpretation. Surgery on Children. 2024;1(4):84–88. doi:10.51271/SOC-0020.

Arlen AM, Kirsch AJ, Leong T, et al. Further analysis of the Glans-Urethral Meatus-Shaft (GMS) hypospadias score: correlation with postoperative complications. J Pediatr Urol. 2015;11(2):71.e1–71.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2014.11.015.

Hutson JM. Cryptorchidism and hypospadias. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, et al., editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000–. Updated 2022 Dec 14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279106/.

Taneli C. Distal teknikler (MAGPI, GAP yöntemleri). Türkiye Klinikleri Pediatrik Cerrahi – Özel Konular. 2017;7(2):200–211.

Radmayr C, Bogaert G, Bujons A, et al. EAU Guidelines on Paediatric Urology. In: EAU Guidelines, edition presented at the EAU Annual Congress Madrid 2025. Arnhem (NL): EAU Guidelines Office; 2025. ISBN: 978-94-92671-29-5.

Effendi R, Situmorang GR, Wahyudi I, et al. Adult sexual function following hypospadias repair in childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of long-term patient outcomes. Urology. 2025;196. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2025.05.015.

Taneli C, Tanriverdi HI, Genc A, Sencan A, Gunsar C, Yilmaz O. Tubularized reconstructed plate urethroplasty: an alternative technique for distal hypospadias repair. Urology. 2021;148:243–249. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.10.007

Taher MA, Wijaya NJ, Keane A, Raharja PAR, Abbas TO. Surgical repair techniques in hypospadias with unfavorable urethral plate: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Pediatr Urol. 2025 Feb 8;S1477-5131(25)00048-8. doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2025.02.009.

Choudhury P, Saroya KK, Jain V, et al. ‘Waterproofing layers’ for urethrocutaneous fistula repair after hypospadias surgery: evidence synthesis with systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Surg Int. 2023;39(1):165. doi: 10.1007/s00383-023-05405-1.

Göllü Bahadır G, Ergün E, Telli O, Khanmammadov F, Çakmak AM. Hormone therapy in hypospadias surgery: a survey on the current practice in Turkey. Turk J Med Sci. 2016;46:1624–1628. doi: 10.3906/sag-1507-72.

Snodgrass W, Bush N. Staged tubularized autograft repair for primary proximal hypospadias with 30-degree or greater ventral curvature. J Urol. 2017;198(3):680–686. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.04.019.

Castagnetti M, El-Ghoneimi A. Surgical management of primary severe hypospadias in children: an update focusing on penile curvature. Nat Rev Urol. 2022;19(3):147–160. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.06.044.

Yadav P, Bobrowski A, Ahmad I, et al. A scoping review on chordee correction in boys with ventral congenital penile curvature and hypospadias. Indian J Urol. 2024;40(1):17–24. doi: 10.4103/iju.iju_277_23.

Yang Z, Li J, Liu P, et al. Effectiveness of penile ventral curvature correction and the trend of hypospadias repair: a prospective study of the national center in China. BMJ Paediatr Open. 2023;7(1):e001984. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-001984.

Babu R, Chandrasekharam VVS. A meta-analysis comparing dorsal plication and ventral lengthening for chordee correction during primary proximal hypospadias repair. Pediatr Surg Int. 2022;38(3):389–398. doi: 10.1007/s00383-022-05065-7.

Hadidi AT. History of hypospadias: lost in translation. J Pediatr Surg. 2017;52(2):211–217. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2016.11.004.

Subihardi L, Yatindra I, Rahman I, et al. A thorough analysis of the effects and complications of two different suturing techniques in hypospadias repair using tubularized-incised plate urethroplasty: a meta-analysis. Med Arch. 2023;77(3):194. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2023.77.194-201.

Borkar N, Tiwari C, Nair A, et al. Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty and grafted tubularized incised plate urethroplasty: systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. World J Pediatr Surg. 2024;7(1):e000707. doi: 10.1136/wjps-2023-000707.

Cousin I, Basmaison C, Cousin E, et al. Complication rates of proximal hypospadias: meta-analyses of four surgical repairs. J Pediatr Urol. 2022;18(5):587–597. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2022.08.005.

Bocchino AC, Cocci A, Pezzoli M, et al. Long-term functional, sexual, and cosmetic outcomes in adult patients who underwent hypospadias repair during childhood at a highly specialized Italian pediatric hospital. Urol Res Pract. 2024;50(2):127–133. doi:10.5152/tud.2024.24005.

Referanslar

Halaseh SA, Halaseh S, Ashour M. Hypospadias: a comprehensive review including its embryology, etiology and surgical techniques. Cureus. 2022;14(7):e27544. doi:10.7759/cureus.27544.

Hadidi AT (ed.). Hypospadias Surgery. 2nd ed. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2022. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-94248-9.

Özen MA. Sünnet ve Hipospadias. In: Ulukaya Durakbaşa Ç, Özel K (eds.). Çocuk Cerrahisi. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri; 2022. p. 341–3.

Albadawi EA, Alzaman NS, Elhassan YH, et al. The association between maternal endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure during pregnancy and the incidence of male urogenital defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Metabolites. 2024;14(9):477. doi:10.3390/metabo14090477.

Baskin L. What is hypospadias? Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2017;56(5):409–418. doi:10.1177/0009922816684613.

Abbas TO (ed.). Video Atlas of Hypospadias Surgery. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore; 2024. doi:10.1007/978-981-99-0795-3.

Wood D, Wilcox D. Hypospadias: lessons learned—an overview of incidence, epidemiology, surgery, research, complications, and outcomes. Int J Impot Res. 2023;35(1):61–66. doi: 10.1038/s41443-022-00563-7.

Chang J, Wang S, Zheng Z. Etiology of hypospadias: a comparative review of genetic factors and developmental processes between human and animal models. Res Rep Urol. 2020;12:673–686. doi:10.2147/RRU.S276141

Sparks TN. Hypospadias. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2021;225(5):B18–B20. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.06.045.

Gul M, Hildorf S, Silay MS. Sexual functions and fertility outcomes after hypospadias repair. Int J Impot Res. 2021;33(2):149–163. doi: 10.1038/s41443-020-00377-5.

Kashkoush JI, Steckler R. Hypospadias. In: Coppola CP, Kennedy AP Jr, Lessin MS, Scorpio RJ (eds.). Pediatric Surgery: Diagnosis and Treatment. 2nd ed. Cham: Springer; 2022. p. 963–968. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-96542-6_88.

Mattiske DM, Pask AJ. Endocrine disrupting chemicals in the pathogenesis of hypospadias; developmental and toxicological perspectives. Curr Res Toxicol. 2021;2:179–191. doi: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.03.004.

Spinoit AF, Reisman Y. Hypospadias: psychosocial and sexual development and consequences. In: Hadidi AT (ed.). Hypospadias Surgery. Cham: Springer; 2022. p. 897–905. doi: 10.1002/j.1939-4640.2005.tb01078.x.

Tack LJW, Springer A, Riedl S, et al. Psychosexual outcome, sexual function, and long-term satisfaction of adolescent and young adult men after childhood hypospadias repair. J Sex Med. 2020;17(9):1665–1675. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.04.002.

Gearhart JP, Rink RC, Mouriquand PDE (eds.). Pediatric Urology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2009.

Yiee JH, Baskin LS. Penile embryology and anatomy. ScientificWorldJournal. 2010;10:1174–1179. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2010.112.

Baskin LS. New insights into hypospadias: next-generation sequencing reveals potential genetic factors in male urethral development. Eur Urol. 2021;79(4):516–518. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2021.01.006.

Nelson ED. Penile anomalies and circumcision. In: Fundamentals of Pediatric Surgery. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2017. p. 711–724. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27443-0_89.

Cherian A. Disorders of male external genitalia: hypospadias, epispadias, concealed penis, urethral disorders. In: Guide to Pediatric Urology and Surgery in Clinical Practice. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2020. p. 33–44. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-24730-0_5.

Anand S, Lotfollahzadeh S. Hypospadias urogenital reconstruction. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan–. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK564407/.

Atasever HE, Bahadır GB, Sürer İ. Hypospadias scoring challenges: a pilot study on GMS interpretation. Surgery on Children. 2024;1(4):84–88. doi:10.51271/SOC-0020.

Arlen AM, Kirsch AJ, Leong T, et al. Further analysis of the Glans-Urethral Meatus-Shaft (GMS) hypospadias score: correlation with postoperative complications. J Pediatr Urol. 2015;11(2):71.e1–71.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2014.11.015.

Hutson JM. Cryptorchidism and hypospadias. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, et al., editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000–. Updated 2022 Dec 14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279106/.

Taneli C. Distal teknikler (MAGPI, GAP yöntemleri). Türkiye Klinikleri Pediatrik Cerrahi – Özel Konular. 2017;7(2):200–211.

Radmayr C, Bogaert G, Bujons A, et al. EAU Guidelines on Paediatric Urology. In: EAU Guidelines, edition presented at the EAU Annual Congress Madrid 2025. Arnhem (NL): EAU Guidelines Office; 2025. ISBN: 978-94-92671-29-5.

Effendi R, Situmorang GR, Wahyudi I, et al. Adult sexual function following hypospadias repair in childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of long-term patient outcomes. Urology. 2025;196. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2025.05.015.

Taneli C, Tanriverdi HI, Genc A, Sencan A, Gunsar C, Yilmaz O. Tubularized reconstructed plate urethroplasty: an alternative technique for distal hypospadias repair. Urology. 2021;148:243–249. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.10.007

Taher MA, Wijaya NJ, Keane A, Raharja PAR, Abbas TO. Surgical repair techniques in hypospadias with unfavorable urethral plate: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Pediatr Urol. 2025 Feb 8;S1477-5131(25)00048-8. doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2025.02.009.

Choudhury P, Saroya KK, Jain V, et al. ‘Waterproofing layers’ for urethrocutaneous fistula repair after hypospadias surgery: evidence synthesis with systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Surg Int. 2023;39(1):165. doi: 10.1007/s00383-023-05405-1.

Göllü Bahadır G, Ergün E, Telli O, Khanmammadov F, Çakmak AM. Hormone therapy in hypospadias surgery: a survey on the current practice in Turkey. Turk J Med Sci. 2016;46:1624–1628. doi: 10.3906/sag-1507-72.

Snodgrass W, Bush N. Staged tubularized autograft repair for primary proximal hypospadias with 30-degree or greater ventral curvature. J Urol. 2017;198(3):680–686. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.04.019.

Castagnetti M, El-Ghoneimi A. Surgical management of primary severe hypospadias in children: an update focusing on penile curvature. Nat Rev Urol. 2022;19(3):147–160. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.06.044.

Yadav P, Bobrowski A, Ahmad I, et al. A scoping review on chordee correction in boys with ventral congenital penile curvature and hypospadias. Indian J Urol. 2024;40(1):17–24. doi: 10.4103/iju.iju_277_23.

Yang Z, Li J, Liu P, et al. Effectiveness of penile ventral curvature correction and the trend of hypospadias repair: a prospective study of the national center in China. BMJ Paediatr Open. 2023;7(1):e001984. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-001984.

Babu R, Chandrasekharam VVS. A meta-analysis comparing dorsal plication and ventral lengthening for chordee correction during primary proximal hypospadias repair. Pediatr Surg Int. 2022;38(3):389–398. doi: 10.1007/s00383-022-05065-7.

Hadidi AT. History of hypospadias: lost in translation. J Pediatr Surg. 2017;52(2):211–217. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2016.11.004.

Subihardi L, Yatindra I, Rahman I, et al. A thorough analysis of the effects and complications of two different suturing techniques in hypospadias repair using tubularized-incised plate urethroplasty: a meta-analysis. Med Arch. 2023;77(3):194. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2023.77.194-201.

Borkar N, Tiwari C, Nair A, et al. Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty and grafted tubularized incised plate urethroplasty: systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. World J Pediatr Surg. 2024;7(1):e000707. doi: 10.1136/wjps-2023-000707.

Cousin I, Basmaison C, Cousin E, et al. Complication rates of proximal hypospadias: meta-analyses of four surgical repairs. J Pediatr Urol. 2022;18(5):587–597. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2022.08.005.

Bocchino AC, Cocci A, Pezzoli M, et al. Long-term functional, sexual, and cosmetic outcomes in adult patients who underwent hypospadias repair during childhood at a highly specialized Italian pediatric hospital. Urol Res Pract. 2024;50(2):127–133. doi:10.5152/tud.2024.24005.

Sayfalar

307-318

Yayınlanan

10 Haziran 2026

Lisans

Lisans