Kentsel Sürdürülebilirlik Bağlamında Eko-Sosyal İnovasyon
Özet
Bu kitap bölümü, verimsiz ve artan kaynak kullanımının neden olduğu iklim değişikliği, biyoçeşitlilik kaybı, kirlilik, sağlık sorunları ve yoksulluk gibi çok boyutlu küresel krizleri ele almaktadır. Çalışma, sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerinin bu karmaşık sorunlara bütüncül ve sistematik çözümler sunma potansiyelini tartışmaktadır. Yalnızca teknolojik yeniliklerin sürdürülebilirlik için yeterli olmadığı, bunun yanında sosyal dönüşüm, toplumsal adaptasyon ve davranış değişikliklerinin de dirençli sistemler oluşturmak açısından zorunlu olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, dünya nüfusunun ve ekonomik faaliyetlerin büyük bölümünü barındıran kentler, hem ekolojik tahribatın hem de sürdürülebilir dönüşümün merkezinde yer almaktadır. Kentsel sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması için sürdürülebilir konut uygulamaları, kentsel dönüşüm projeleri, yeşil alanların artırılması, yenilenebilir enerji kullanımı ve çevreci teknolojilerin entegrasyonu gibi stratejiler ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bölüm, ekolojik ve sosyal hedefleri bütünleştiren eko-sosyal inovasyon kavramını, sürdürülebilirlik geçişlerini destekleyen bütüncül bir yaklaşım olarak incelemektedir. Sosyal inovasyonun toplumsal problemlere yenilikçi çözümler geliştirme potansiyelinden hareketle, eko-sosyal inovasyonun kent ölçeğinde dönüşüm yaratmadaki rolü tartışılmaktadır. Teorik çerçeve ve örnek vakalar aracılığıyla, tasarımın bu dönüşüm süreçlerinde oynadığı yönlendirici ve dönüştürücü rol vurgulanmakta; kentlerde ekolojik farkındalık ile toplumsal refahı bütünleştiren bir yaklaşım önerilmektedir.
Referanslar
Ahmadi, F. & Toghyani, S. (2011). The role of urban planning in achieving sustainable urban development. OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, 2(11), 23-26.
Angelidou, M., & Psaltoglou, A. (2017). An empirical investigation of socia innovation initiatives for sustainable urban development. Sustainable Cities and Society, 33, 113-125.
Anguelovski, I. (2016). From toxic sites to parks as (green) LULUs? New challenges of inequity, privilege, gentrification, and exclusion for urban environmental justice. Journal of Planning Literature, 31(1), 23-36.
Avelino, F., Grin, J., Pel, B., & Jhagroe, S. (2016). The politics of sustainability transitions. Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 18(5), 557-567.
Avelino, F., Wittmayer, J. M., Pel, B., Weaver, P., Dumitru, A., Haxeltine, A., ... & O'Riordan, T. (2019). Transformative social innovation and (dis) empowerment. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 145, 195-206.
Bailey, N. (2010). Building sustainable communities from the grassroots: how community land trusts can create social sustainability. Social Sustainability in Urban Areas. (ss. 49-64). London: Routledge.
Bayraktaroğlu, S., Şatır, S., & Akgün, A. A. (2014). Sosyal yenileşim ve tasarımın değişen rolleri. Tasarım+ Kuram, 10(18), 36-52.
Bayraktaroğlu, S. (2020). Bridging roles of social innovations in rural development: craft initiatives from Kutch, India. Journal of Design for Resilience in Architecture and Planning, 1(1), 103-118.
Berkowitz, D. (2011). The High Line. Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2024, https://livingarchitecturemonitor.com/articles/green-rooftop-parks-densification-quality-of-life-transbay-terminal-namba-park-f21
Blums, R., Zvirgzdins, J., & Geipele, I. (2022). Sustainable development strategy options in urban environment. Engineering for Rural Development, 21, 560-566.
Buchanan, R. (2001). Design research and the new learning. Design Issues, 17(4), 3-23.
Concilio, G., Cullen, J., Tosoni, I. (2019). Design enabled innovation in urban environments. Concilio, G., Tosoni, I. (Ed) Innovation Capacity and the City. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. (ss. 85-101). Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00123-0_5
Dennis, M., Armitage, R. P., & James, P. (2016). Social-ecological innovation: adaptive responses to urban environmental conditions. Urban Ecosystems, 19, 1063-1082.
Deutsche Welle. (2018). Vauban: A car-free district in Freiburg. Erişim tarihi: 28.05.2024, https://www.dw.com/en/vauban-a-car-free-district-in-freiburg/a-42167286
Domanski, D., Howaldt, J., & Kaletka, C. (2020). A comprehensive concept of social innovation and its implications for the local context–on the growing importance of social innovation ecosystems and infrastructures. European Planning Studies, 28(3), 454-474.
Evans, J., Karvonen, A., & Raven, R. (2016). The experimental city. London: Routledge.
Fischer-Kowalski, M.; Rotmans, J. (2009) Conceptualizing, observing, and influencing social–ecological transitions. Ecology and Society.14 (2), 1–18.
Fischer, F. & Miller, G. J. (2017). Handbook of public policy analysis: theory, politics, and methods. London: Routledge.
Frantzeskaki, N., Broto, V. C., Coenen, L., & Loorbach, D. (2017). Urban sustainability transitions. New York: Routledge.
Green City Times. (t.y.). Europe’s Most Sustainable Town. Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2024, https://www.greencitytimes.com/europe-s-most-sustainable-city/
Grimm, R., Fox, C., Baines, S., & Albertson, K. (2013). Social innovation, an answer to contemporary societal challenges? Locating the concept in theory and practice. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 26(4), 436-455.
Husebø, A. M. L., Storm, M., Ødegård, A., Wegener, C., Aakjær, M., Pedersen, A. L., ... & Willumsen, E. (2021). Exploring social innovation (SI) within the research contexts of higher education, healthcare, and welfare services—A scoping review. Nordic Journal of Social Research, 12(1), 72-110.
Khalaf, O. A., Ja’afar, N. H., Abdul Malek, M. I. & Husni, E. M. (2023). A review: eco-friendly technologies and sustainable development of urban friendliness spaces toward new urbanism design approach. Jurnal Kejuruteraan SI. 6(1), 49-59.
Kroh, J. (2021). Sustain (able) urban (eco) systems: stakeholder-related success factors in urban innovation projects. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 168, 120767.
Lang, S. & Rothenberg, J. (2017). Neoliberal urbanism, public space, and the greening of the growth machine: New York City’s High Line park. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 49 (8), 1743-1761.
Loorbach, D., Frantzeskaki, N.; Avelino, F. (2017). Sustainability transitions research: Transforming science and practice for societal change. Annual Review of Environment and Resources., 42, 599–626.
Manzini, E. (2014). Design in a changing, connected world. Strategic Design Research Journal, 7(2), 95-99.
Marques, P., Morgan, K., & Richardson, R. (2018). Social innovation in question: The theoretical and practical implications of a contested concept. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, 36(3), 496-512.
Matthies, A. L., Stamm, I., Hirvilammi, T., & Närhi, K. (2019). Ecosocial innovations and their capacity to integrate ecological, economic and social sustainability transition. Sustainability, 11(7), 2107.
Matthies, A. L., Peeters, J., Hirvilammi, T., & Stamm, I. (2020). Ecosocial innovations enabling social work to promote new forms of sustainable economy. International Journal of Social Welfare, 29(4), 378-389.
Mobile Lives Forum (t.y.). Research Notes: An emblematic model of a car-free day: Bogota’s Ciclovía. Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2024, https://forumviesmobiles.org/en/project/15582/emblematic-model-car-free-day-bogotas-ciclovia
Mulgan, G. (2012). The theoretical foundations of social innovation. Social innovation: blurring boundaries to reconfigure markets (ss. 33-65). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Narter, Ç., & Bayraktaroğlu, S. (2010). Sürdürülebilir kalkınma için yavaş şehirler hareketi ve tasarımın katkısı: Seferihisar için ulaşım proje çalışması. Green age sepozum bildirileri. İstanbul: Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi.
Parra, C. (2013). Social sustainability: A competing concept to social innovation? The international handbook on social innovation: collective action, social learning and transdiciplinary research. (ss. 142-154). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Papanek, V. (1971). Design for the real world: human ecology and social change. New York: Pantheon Books.
Pineda-Pinto, M., Frantzeskaki, N., & Nygaard, C. A. (2021). The potential of nature-based solutions to deliver ecologically just cities: lessons for research and urban planning from a systematic literature review. Ambio, 51, 167-182.
Rakhshandehroo, M., Yusof, M. J. M., Arabi, R., & Jahandarfard, R. (2016). Strategies to improve sustainability in urban landscape, literature review. Journal of Landscape Ecology, 9(3), 5-13.
Raworth, K. (2017). Doughnut economics: seven ways to think like a 21st-century economist. London: Random House.
Reinsberger, K., Brudermann, T., Hatzl, S., Fleiß, E. & Posch, A. (2015). Photovoltaic diffusion from the bottom-up: analytical investigation of critical factors. Applied Energy. 159, 178-187.
Sabato, S., Vanhercke, B., & Verschraegen, G. (2015). The EU framework for social innovation: between entrepreneurship and policy experimentation. ImPRovE Working Paper No.15/21. Antwerp: University of Antwerp.
Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). The theory of economic development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Sept, A. (2021). ‘Slowing down’in small and medium-sized towns: Cittaslow in Germany and Italy from a social innovation perspective. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 8(1), 259-268.
Sgobbo, A. (2017). Eco-social innovation for efficient urban metabolisms. TECHNE-Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, 335-342.
Sovacool, B. K., & Ratan, P. L. (2012). Conceptualizing the acceptance of wind and solar electricity. Renewable and sustainable Energy reviews, 16(7), 5268-5279.
Spiliotopoulou, M., & Roseland, M. (2020). Urban sustainability: from theory influences to practical agendas. Sustainability, 12(18), 7245.
Van der Have, R. P., & Rubalcaba, L. (2016). Social innovation research: an emerging area of innovation studies?. Research Policy, 45(9), 1923-1935.
Winslow, J., & Mont, O. (2019). Bicycle sharing: sustainable value creation and institutionalisation strategies in Barcelona. Sustainability, 11(3), 728.
Referanslar
Ahmadi, F. & Toghyani, S. (2011). The role of urban planning in achieving sustainable urban development. OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, 2(11), 23-26.
Angelidou, M., & Psaltoglou, A. (2017). An empirical investigation of socia innovation initiatives for sustainable urban development. Sustainable Cities and Society, 33, 113-125.
Anguelovski, I. (2016). From toxic sites to parks as (green) LULUs? New challenges of inequity, privilege, gentrification, and exclusion for urban environmental justice. Journal of Planning Literature, 31(1), 23-36.
Avelino, F., Grin, J., Pel, B., & Jhagroe, S. (2016). The politics of sustainability transitions. Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 18(5), 557-567.
Avelino, F., Wittmayer, J. M., Pel, B., Weaver, P., Dumitru, A., Haxeltine, A., ... & O'Riordan, T. (2019). Transformative social innovation and (dis) empowerment. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 145, 195-206.
Bailey, N. (2010). Building sustainable communities from the grassroots: how community land trusts can create social sustainability. Social Sustainability in Urban Areas. (ss. 49-64). London: Routledge.
Bayraktaroğlu, S., Şatır, S., & Akgün, A. A. (2014). Sosyal yenileşim ve tasarımın değişen rolleri. Tasarım+ Kuram, 10(18), 36-52.
Bayraktaroğlu, S. (2020). Bridging roles of social innovations in rural development: craft initiatives from Kutch, India. Journal of Design for Resilience in Architecture and Planning, 1(1), 103-118.
Berkowitz, D. (2011). The High Line. Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2024, https://livingarchitecturemonitor.com/articles/green-rooftop-parks-densification-quality-of-life-transbay-terminal-namba-park-f21
Blums, R., Zvirgzdins, J., & Geipele, I. (2022). Sustainable development strategy options in urban environment. Engineering for Rural Development, 21, 560-566.
Buchanan, R. (2001). Design research and the new learning. Design Issues, 17(4), 3-23.
Concilio, G., Cullen, J., Tosoni, I. (2019). Design enabled innovation in urban environments. Concilio, G., Tosoni, I. (Ed) Innovation Capacity and the City. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. (ss. 85-101). Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00123-0_5
Dennis, M., Armitage, R. P., & James, P. (2016). Social-ecological innovation: adaptive responses to urban environmental conditions. Urban Ecosystems, 19, 1063-1082.
Deutsche Welle. (2018). Vauban: A car-free district in Freiburg. Erişim tarihi: 28.05.2024, https://www.dw.com/en/vauban-a-car-free-district-in-freiburg/a-42167286
Domanski, D., Howaldt, J., & Kaletka, C. (2020). A comprehensive concept of social innovation and its implications for the local context–on the growing importance of social innovation ecosystems and infrastructures. European Planning Studies, 28(3), 454-474.
Evans, J., Karvonen, A., & Raven, R. (2016). The experimental city. London: Routledge.
Fischer-Kowalski, M.; Rotmans, J. (2009) Conceptualizing, observing, and influencing social–ecological transitions. Ecology and Society.14 (2), 1–18.
Fischer, F. & Miller, G. J. (2017). Handbook of public policy analysis: theory, politics, and methods. London: Routledge.
Frantzeskaki, N., Broto, V. C., Coenen, L., & Loorbach, D. (2017). Urban sustainability transitions. New York: Routledge.
Green City Times. (t.y.). Europe’s Most Sustainable Town. Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2024, https://www.greencitytimes.com/europe-s-most-sustainable-city/
Grimm, R., Fox, C., Baines, S., & Albertson, K. (2013). Social innovation, an answer to contemporary societal challenges? Locating the concept in theory and practice. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 26(4), 436-455.
Husebø, A. M. L., Storm, M., Ødegård, A., Wegener, C., Aakjær, M., Pedersen, A. L., ... & Willumsen, E. (2021). Exploring social innovation (SI) within the research contexts of higher education, healthcare, and welfare services—A scoping review. Nordic Journal of Social Research, 12(1), 72-110.
Khalaf, O. A., Ja’afar, N. H., Abdul Malek, M. I. & Husni, E. M. (2023). A review: eco-friendly technologies and sustainable development of urban friendliness spaces toward new urbanism design approach. Jurnal Kejuruteraan SI. 6(1), 49-59.
Kroh, J. (2021). Sustain (able) urban (eco) systems: stakeholder-related success factors in urban innovation projects. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 168, 120767.
Lang, S. & Rothenberg, J. (2017). Neoliberal urbanism, public space, and the greening of the growth machine: New York City’s High Line park. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 49 (8), 1743-1761.
Loorbach, D., Frantzeskaki, N.; Avelino, F. (2017). Sustainability transitions research: Transforming science and practice for societal change. Annual Review of Environment and Resources., 42, 599–626.
Manzini, E. (2014). Design in a changing, connected world. Strategic Design Research Journal, 7(2), 95-99.
Marques, P., Morgan, K., & Richardson, R. (2018). Social innovation in question: The theoretical and practical implications of a contested concept. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, 36(3), 496-512.
Matthies, A. L., Stamm, I., Hirvilammi, T., & Närhi, K. (2019). Ecosocial innovations and their capacity to integrate ecological, economic and social sustainability transition. Sustainability, 11(7), 2107.
Matthies, A. L., Peeters, J., Hirvilammi, T., & Stamm, I. (2020). Ecosocial innovations enabling social work to promote new forms of sustainable economy. International Journal of Social Welfare, 29(4), 378-389.
Mobile Lives Forum (t.y.). Research Notes: An emblematic model of a car-free day: Bogota’s Ciclovía. Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2024, https://forumviesmobiles.org/en/project/15582/emblematic-model-car-free-day-bogotas-ciclovia
Mulgan, G. (2012). The theoretical foundations of social innovation. Social innovation: blurring boundaries to reconfigure markets (ss. 33-65). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Narter, Ç., & Bayraktaroğlu, S. (2010). Sürdürülebilir kalkınma için yavaş şehirler hareketi ve tasarımın katkısı: Seferihisar için ulaşım proje çalışması. Green age sepozum bildirileri. İstanbul: Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi.
Parra, C. (2013). Social sustainability: A competing concept to social innovation? The international handbook on social innovation: collective action, social learning and transdiciplinary research. (ss. 142-154). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Papanek, V. (1971). Design for the real world: human ecology and social change. New York: Pantheon Books.
Pineda-Pinto, M., Frantzeskaki, N., & Nygaard, C. A. (2021). The potential of nature-based solutions to deliver ecologically just cities: lessons for research and urban planning from a systematic literature review. Ambio, 51, 167-182.
Rakhshandehroo, M., Yusof, M. J. M., Arabi, R., & Jahandarfard, R. (2016). Strategies to improve sustainability in urban landscape, literature review. Journal of Landscape Ecology, 9(3), 5-13.
Raworth, K. (2017). Doughnut economics: seven ways to think like a 21st-century economist. London: Random House.
Reinsberger, K., Brudermann, T., Hatzl, S., Fleiß, E. & Posch, A. (2015). Photovoltaic diffusion from the bottom-up: analytical investigation of critical factors. Applied Energy. 159, 178-187.
Sabato, S., Vanhercke, B., & Verschraegen, G. (2015). The EU framework for social innovation: between entrepreneurship and policy experimentation. ImPRovE Working Paper No.15/21. Antwerp: University of Antwerp.
Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). The theory of economic development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Sept, A. (2021). ‘Slowing down’in small and medium-sized towns: Cittaslow in Germany and Italy from a social innovation perspective. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 8(1), 259-268.
Sgobbo, A. (2017). Eco-social innovation for efficient urban metabolisms. TECHNE-Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, 335-342.
Sovacool, B. K., & Ratan, P. L. (2012). Conceptualizing the acceptance of wind and solar electricity. Renewable and sustainable Energy reviews, 16(7), 5268-5279.
Spiliotopoulou, M., & Roseland, M. (2020). Urban sustainability: from theory influences to practical agendas. Sustainability, 12(18), 7245.
Van der Have, R. P., & Rubalcaba, L. (2016). Social innovation research: an emerging area of innovation studies?. Research Policy, 45(9), 1923-1935.
Winslow, J., & Mont, O. (2019). Bicycle sharing: sustainable value creation and institutionalisation strategies in Barcelona. Sustainability, 11(3), 728.
