Ultrasonografi Eşliğinde Sinir Blokları
Özet
Günümüzde ultrasonografi (USG) rehberliğinde uygulanan sinir blokları, perioperatif ağrı kontrolü ve acil tıbbi müdahalelerde etkili ve güvenli bir analjezi yöntemi olarak klinik pratikte yaygınlık kazanmıştır. Anatomik yapıların eş zamanlı görüntülenmesini sağlayan bu rejyonal anestezi tekniği, uygulama güvenliğini ve analjezik etkinliğini önemli ölçüde artırmaktadır. Bu yöntem, özellikle geriatrik, obez, pediatrik hasta gruplarında ve sistemik antikoagülan tedavi alan bireylerde tercih edilmektedir. Sıklıkla kullanılan lokal anestezik ajanlar arasında lidokain, bupivakain ve ropivakain yer almakta olup; bu ilaçların etki süreleri ve güvenlik profilleri doğrultusunda hasta bazında seçim yapılmalıdır. Bununla birlikte sinir hasarı, damar yaralanması, lokal anestezik sistemik toksisitesi (LAST), pnömotoraks ve diyafragma paralizisi gibi komplikasyonlar görülebilir. Bu riskler doğru teknik, dikkatli USG kullanımı ve uygun doz hesaplamalarıyla büyük ölçüde önlenebilir.
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