Kraniyal Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (BT) Yorumlama ve Kullanım İlkeleri
Özet
Bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT), acil serviste ani başlayan nörolojik semptomların değerlendirilmesinde ilk basamak, hızlı ve güvenilir görüntüleme yöntemidir. Bu bölüm, kranial BT’nin sistematik yorumlanması ve acil karar süreçlerindeki rolüne odaklanmaktadır. BT’nin temel fizik prensipleri, Hounsfield birimi, uygun pencereleme teknikleri ve aksiyel kesitlerde anatomik oryantasyonun önemi açıklanmaktadır. Yorumlamada hata riskini azaltmak amacıyla geliştirilen ABBBC algoritması [Air spaces-hava boşlukları-, Bone-kemik yapılar-, Blood-kanama-, Brain-beyin parankimi-, Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)-Beyin Omurilik Sıvısı(BOS boşlukları)-] adım adım sunulmuş, travmatik ve vasküler patolojilerde klinik değeri örnek olgularla vurgulanmıştır. Kanama, ödem, iskemi, kitle etkisi, midline şift ve hidrosefali gibi acil patolojilerin BT bulguları görsellerle desteklenmiş; hareket ve metal artefaktları gibi yorumlamayı zorlaştıran teknik sınırlılıklara çözüm önerileri eklenmiştir. Bu bölüm, acil hekimlerinin kranial BT’yi daha sistematik, hızlı ve güvenli yorumlamasına rehberlik etmeyi, tanısal doğruluğu ve klinik karar kalitesini artırmayı amaçlamaktadır.
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