Metastatik Meme Kanserinde Genetik İncelemenin Rolü ve Tedaviye Etkileri
Özet
Bu bölüm, metastatik meme kanserinin (MMK) yönetiminde genetik testlerin artan önemini ve tedavi stratejileri üzerindeki dönüştürücü etkisini incelemektedir. Yeni nesil dizileme (NGS) teknolojilerinin, hem germline (BRCA1/2) hem de somatik (PIK3CA, ESR1, HER2, AKT) mutasyonların tespitindeki rolü vurgulanmaktadır. Bölümde, saptanan “actionable”(hedeflenebilir) mutasyonlara yönelik geliştirilen spesifik tedavilerin (PARP inhibitörleri, PI3K/AKT inhibitörleri, yeni nesil SERD'ler ve anti-HER2 ajanlar) klinik çalışmaları ve sağkalım üzerindeki etkileri detaylandırılmaktadır. Ayrıca likit biyopsi ve yapay zeka gibi gelecek yönelimlerine değinilerek, tümör heterojenitesi ve direnç mekanizmalarının yönetiminde genetik profillemenin kişiselleştirilmiş tıbbın temeli olduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır.
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