The Effect of Authentic Leadership and Organizational Ethical Climate Perceptions of Teachers Working in Adiyaman on Work Engagement
Özet
Çalışanların otantik liderlik ve örgütsel etik iklim algılarının işe angaje olmaları üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi günümüzde özellikle eğitim sektöründe hem bireysel hem de örgütsel başarının artırılması açısından kritik önem taşımaktadır. Otantik liderlik çalışanların güvenini, işe angaje olmalarını ve motivasyonunu destekleyebilirken, etik bir örgütsel iklim çalışanların sorumluluklarını ve işe angaje olmalarını arttırabilir. Otantik liderlik ve örgütsel etik iklim algılarının öğretmenler tarafından algılanmalarının, onların işe angaje olmalarını nasıl şekillendirdiğini anlamak, eğitim kurumlarının sürdürülebilir büyüme sağlamalarına katkıda bulunabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Adıyaman ilinde görev yapan öğretmenlerin otantik liderlik ve örgütsel etik iklim algılarının işe angaje olmaları üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla 390 öğretmen üzerinde görgül bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Nicel yöntemin kullanıldığı araştırma sonucunda, öğretmenlerin örgütsel etik iklim algısındaki “başkalarının iyiliğini isteme” ve “kurallar” alt boyutlarının işe angaje olma üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Örgütsel etik iklim algısının diğer alt boyutlarında işe angaje olma üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye ulaşılmamıştır. Ek olarak öğretmenlerin otantik liderlik algılarının alt boyutlarından “rasyonel şeffaflık”ın işe angaje olma üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Otantik liderlik algısının diğer üç alt boyutunun işe angaje olma üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi bulgulanmamıştır. Bu araştırmanın “örgütsel etik iklim” ve “otantik liderliğin”, “işe angaje olma” ile etkileşimini irdelemek isteyen araştırmacılara görgül araştırma bulguları sunarak katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Referanslar
Avey, J. B., Wernsing, T. S., & Luthans, F. (2008). Can positive employees help positive organizational change? Impact of psychological capital and emotions on relevant attitudes and behaviors. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 44(1), 48-70.
Avolio, B. J., & Gardner, W. L. (2005). Authentic leadership development: Getting to the root of positive forms of leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 315-338.
Avolio, B. J., Walumbwa, F. O., & Weber, T. J. (2009). Leadership: Current theories, research, and future directions. Annual Review of Psychology, 60(1), 421-449.
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Ten Brummelhuis, L. L. (2012). Work engagement, performance, and active learning: The role of conscientiousness. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 555-564.
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595-616.
Büyüköztürk, Ş., Akgün, Ö. E., Demirel, F., Karadeniz, Ş., & Çakmak, E. K. (2015). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Akademi.
Cullen, J. B., Parboteeah, K. P., & Victor, B. (2003). The effects of ethical climates on organizational commitment: A two-study analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 46, 127-141.
Cullen, J. B., Victor, B., & Bronson, J. W. (1993). The ethical climate questionnaire: An assessment of its development and validity. Psychological Reports, 73(2), 667-674.
Forte, A. (2004). Business ethics: A study of the moral reasoning of selected business managers and the influence of organizational ethical climate. Journal of Business Ethics, 51, 167-173.
Gardner, W. L., Avolio, B. J., Luthans, F., May, D. R., & Walumbwa, F. O. (2005). Can you see the real me? A self-based model of authentic leader and follower development. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3).
George, D. ve Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 17.0 update (10a ed.) Boston: Pearson.
Hartnell, C. A., Ou, A. Y., & Kinicki, A. (2011). Organizational culture and organizational effectiveness: a meta-analytic investigation of the competing values framework's theoretical suppositions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(4), 677.
Hassan, A., & Ahmed, F. (2011). Authentic leadership, trust and work engagement. International Journal of Human and Social Sciences, 6(3), 164-170.
Hsieh, C. C., & Wang, D. S. (2015). Does supervisor-perceived authentic leadership influence employee work engagement through employee-perceived authentic leadership and employee trust?. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(18), 2329-2348.
Ilies, R., Morgeson, F. P., & Nahrgang, J. D. (2005). Authentic leadership and eudaemonic well-being: Understanding leader–follower outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 373-394.
Iszatt‐White, M., & Kempster, S. (2019). Authentic leadership: Getting back to the roots of the ‘root construct’?. International Journal of Management Reviews, 21(3), 356-369.
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724.
Karagöz, Y. (2021). Spss ve Amos Uygulamalı Nicel-Nitel-Karma Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Yayın Etiği. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
Korku, C., & Yıldız, A. (2023). Otantik Liderlik ve Bağlamsal Performans: İşe Angaje Olmanın Aracılık Etkisi. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, 26(1), 85-98.
Martin, K. D., & Cullen, J. B. (2006). Continuities and extensions of ethical climate theory: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Business Ethics, 69, 175-194.
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2008). Early predictors of job burnout and engagement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(3), 498.
May, D. R., Gilson, R. L., & Harter, L. M. (2004). The psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety and availability and the engagement of the human spirit at work. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 77(1), 11-37.
Mayer, D. M., Aquino, K., Greenbaum, R. L., & Kuenzi, M. (2012). Who displays ethical leadership, and why does it matter? An examination of antecedents and consequences of ethical leadership. Academy of Management Journal, 55(1), 151-171.
Mayer, D. M., Kuenzi, M., & Greenbaum, R. L. (2010). Examining the link between ethical leadership and employee misconduct: The mediating role of ethical climate. Journal of Business Ethics, 95, 7-16.
Okçu, V., & Anık, S. (2017). Examining the relationship between the authentic leadership behaviour of school administrators and the level of motivation and mobbing experienced by teachers. Anatolian Journal of Educational Leadership and Instruction, 5(2), 63-85.
Onyalla, D. B. (2018). Authentic leadership and leadership ethics: Proposing a new perspective. The Journal of Values-Based Leadership, 11(2), 7.
Schaubroeck, J. M., Hannah, S. T., Avolio, B. J., Kozlowski, S. W., Lord, R. G., Treviño, L. K., ... & Peng, A. C. (2012). Embedding ethical leadership within and across organization levels. Academy of Management Journal, 55(5), 1053-1078.
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B. & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701-716
Schaufeli, W. B., Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2009). Burnout: 35 years of research and practice. Career Development International, 14(3), 204-220.
Schaufeli, W. B., ve Bakker, A. B. (2003). The utrecht work engagement scale (UWES) test manual. Utrecht, NL: Department of Social and Organizational Psychology
Schminke, M., Ambrose, M. L., & Neubaum, D. O. (2005). The effect of leader moral development on ethical climate and employee attitudes. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), 135-151.
Schwepker Jr, C. H. (2001). Ethical climate's relationship to job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention in the salesforce. Journal of Business Research, 54(1), 39-52.
Şencan, H. (2005). Sosyal ve davranışsal ölçümlerde güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Vermeulen, T., & Scheepers, C. B. (2020). Mediating effect of perceived organisational support on authentic leadership and work engagement. SA Journal of Human Resource Management. https://doi. org/10.4102/sajhrm. v18i0.1212
Victor, B., & Cullen, J. B. (1988). The organizational bases of ethical work climates. Administrative Science Quarterly, 101-125.
Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89-126.
Walumbwa, F. O., Peterson, S. J., Avolio, B. J., & Hartnell, C. A. (2010). An investigation of the relationships among leader and follower psychological capital, service climate, and job performance. Personnel Psychology, 63(4), 937-963.
Yener, M., Yaldıran, M., & Ergun, S. (2012). The effect of ethical climate on work engagement. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 724-733.
Yollu, S., & Korkmaz, M. (2024). Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre Okul Müdürlerinin Otantik Liderlik Davranışları ile Öğretmenlerin Pozitif Psikolojik Sermayeleri Arasındaki İlişki. Cappadocia Journal of History and Social Sciences, 17(17), 186-208.
Referanslar
Avey, J. B., Wernsing, T. S., & Luthans, F. (2008). Can positive employees help positive organizational change? Impact of psychological capital and emotions on relevant attitudes and behaviors. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 44(1), 48-70.
Avolio, B. J., & Gardner, W. L. (2005). Authentic leadership development: Getting to the root of positive forms of leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 315-338.
Avolio, B. J., Walumbwa, F. O., & Weber, T. J. (2009). Leadership: Current theories, research, and future directions. Annual Review of Psychology, 60(1), 421-449.
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Ten Brummelhuis, L. L. (2012). Work engagement, performance, and active learning: The role of conscientiousness. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 555-564.
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595-616.
Büyüköztürk, Ş., Akgün, Ö. E., Demirel, F., Karadeniz, Ş., & Çakmak, E. K. (2015). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Akademi.
Cullen, J. B., Parboteeah, K. P., & Victor, B. (2003). The effects of ethical climates on organizational commitment: A two-study analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 46, 127-141.
Cullen, J. B., Victor, B., & Bronson, J. W. (1993). The ethical climate questionnaire: An assessment of its development and validity. Psychological Reports, 73(2), 667-674.
Forte, A. (2004). Business ethics: A study of the moral reasoning of selected business managers and the influence of organizational ethical climate. Journal of Business Ethics, 51, 167-173.
Gardner, W. L., Avolio, B. J., Luthans, F., May, D. R., & Walumbwa, F. O. (2005). Can you see the real me? A self-based model of authentic leader and follower development. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3).
George, D. ve Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 17.0 update (10a ed.) Boston: Pearson.
Hartnell, C. A., Ou, A. Y., & Kinicki, A. (2011). Organizational culture and organizational effectiveness: a meta-analytic investigation of the competing values framework's theoretical suppositions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(4), 677.
Hassan, A., & Ahmed, F. (2011). Authentic leadership, trust and work engagement. International Journal of Human and Social Sciences, 6(3), 164-170.
Hsieh, C. C., & Wang, D. S. (2015). Does supervisor-perceived authentic leadership influence employee work engagement through employee-perceived authentic leadership and employee trust?. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(18), 2329-2348.
Ilies, R., Morgeson, F. P., & Nahrgang, J. D. (2005). Authentic leadership and eudaemonic well-being: Understanding leader–follower outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 373-394.
Iszatt‐White, M., & Kempster, S. (2019). Authentic leadership: Getting back to the roots of the ‘root construct’?. International Journal of Management Reviews, 21(3), 356-369.
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724.
Karagöz, Y. (2021). Spss ve Amos Uygulamalı Nicel-Nitel-Karma Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Yayın Etiği. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
Korku, C., & Yıldız, A. (2023). Otantik Liderlik ve Bağlamsal Performans: İşe Angaje Olmanın Aracılık Etkisi. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, 26(1), 85-98.
Martin, K. D., & Cullen, J. B. (2006). Continuities and extensions of ethical climate theory: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Business Ethics, 69, 175-194.
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2008). Early predictors of job burnout and engagement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(3), 498.
May, D. R., Gilson, R. L., & Harter, L. M. (2004). The psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety and availability and the engagement of the human spirit at work. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 77(1), 11-37.
Mayer, D. M., Aquino, K., Greenbaum, R. L., & Kuenzi, M. (2012). Who displays ethical leadership, and why does it matter? An examination of antecedents and consequences of ethical leadership. Academy of Management Journal, 55(1), 151-171.
Mayer, D. M., Kuenzi, M., & Greenbaum, R. L. (2010). Examining the link between ethical leadership and employee misconduct: The mediating role of ethical climate. Journal of Business Ethics, 95, 7-16.
Okçu, V., & Anık, S. (2017). Examining the relationship between the authentic leadership behaviour of school administrators and the level of motivation and mobbing experienced by teachers. Anatolian Journal of Educational Leadership and Instruction, 5(2), 63-85.
Onyalla, D. B. (2018). Authentic leadership and leadership ethics: Proposing a new perspective. The Journal of Values-Based Leadership, 11(2), 7.
Schaubroeck, J. M., Hannah, S. T., Avolio, B. J., Kozlowski, S. W., Lord, R. G., Treviño, L. K., ... & Peng, A. C. (2012). Embedding ethical leadership within and across organization levels. Academy of Management Journal, 55(5), 1053-1078.
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B. & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701-716
Schaufeli, W. B., Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2009). Burnout: 35 years of research and practice. Career Development International, 14(3), 204-220.
Schaufeli, W. B., ve Bakker, A. B. (2003). The utrecht work engagement scale (UWES) test manual. Utrecht, NL: Department of Social and Organizational Psychology
Schminke, M., Ambrose, M. L., & Neubaum, D. O. (2005). The effect of leader moral development on ethical climate and employee attitudes. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), 135-151.
Schwepker Jr, C. H. (2001). Ethical climate's relationship to job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention in the salesforce. Journal of Business Research, 54(1), 39-52.
Şencan, H. (2005). Sosyal ve davranışsal ölçümlerde güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Vermeulen, T., & Scheepers, C. B. (2020). Mediating effect of perceived organisational support on authentic leadership and work engagement. SA Journal of Human Resource Management. https://doi. org/10.4102/sajhrm. v18i0.1212
Victor, B., & Cullen, J. B. (1988). The organizational bases of ethical work climates. Administrative Science Quarterly, 101-125.
Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89-126.
Walumbwa, F. O., Peterson, S. J., Avolio, B. J., & Hartnell, C. A. (2010). An investigation of the relationships among leader and follower psychological capital, service climate, and job performance. Personnel Psychology, 63(4), 937-963.
Yener, M., Yaldıran, M., & Ergun, S. (2012). The effect of ethical climate on work engagement. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 724-733.
Yollu, S., & Korkmaz, M. (2024). Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre Okul Müdürlerinin Otantik Liderlik Davranışları ile Öğretmenlerin Pozitif Psikolojik Sermayeleri Arasındaki İlişki. Cappadocia Journal of History and Social Sciences, 17(17), 186-208.
