Büyüme-Gelişim Döneminde Maloklüzyonların Yönetimi: Çocuklarda Düzeltici Ortodontik Tedaviler
Özet
Bu kitap bölümü, büyüme-gelişim döneminde çocuklarda görülen maloklüzyonların tanı ve tedavi yönetimini kapsamlı biçimde ele almaktadır. Maloklüzyonların fonksiyonel, estetik ve psikososyal etkileri vurgulanmakta; düzeltici ortodontik tedavilerin, çocukluk döneminde büyüme potansiyelinden yararlanılarak daha kalıcı sonuçlar verdiği belirtilmektedir. Metinde öncelikle maksiller darlık ve buna bağlı gelişen transversal maloklüzyonlar incelenmiş; etiyolojik faktörler (parmak emme, ağız solunumu vb.), teşhis yöntemleri ve tedavi yaklaşımları (yavaş/hızlı maksiller genişletme, quad-helix, fan-type, pendulum apareyleri vb.) açıklanmıştır. Anterior ve posterior çapraz kapanışların dental, fonksiyonel ve iskeletsel nedenleri ile erken müdahale önemine değinilmiştir. Ayrıca molar distalizasyonu başlığı altında Sınıf II maloklüzyonlarda çekimsiz tedavi alternatifleri, ağız içi ve ağız dışı apareylerin (headgear, pendulum, distal jet, lip bumper) biyomekanik etkileriyle karşılaştırmalı olarak sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak, erken dönemde yapılan doğru tanı ve aparey seçiminin, transversal ve sagittal uyumsuzlukların ilerlemesini önlediği; bireysel faktörlere dayalı kişiselleştirilmiş tedavi planlamasının ise uzun dönem stabiliteyi desteklediği vurgulanmaktadır.
Referanslar
Cenzato N, Nobili A, Maspero C. Prevalence of dental malocclusions in different geographical areas: scoping review. Dentistry Journal. 2021;9(10):117.
Zhou C, Duan P, He H, Song J, Hu M, Liu Y, et al. Expert consensus on pediatric orthodontic therapies of malocclusions in children. International Journal of Oral Science. 2024;16(1):32.
De Ridder L, Aleksieva A, Willems G, Declerck D, Cadenas de Llano-Pérula M. Prevalence of orthodontic malocclusions in healthy children and adolescents: a systematic review. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2022;19(12):7446.
Sandhu A, Sakaria BA, Patel SD, Ahuja G, Jadeja N, Mehta A, Kakkad D. The impact of early orthodontic intervention on dental and skeletal development in children with mixed dentition. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences. 2024;16(Suppl 1):S818-S20.
Tabellion M, Loef IC, Linsenmann CC, Lisson JA. Early orthodontic treatment need over a 10-year period and evaluation of short-term intervention stability. Clinical Oral Investigations. 2024;29(1):12.
Dentistry AAoP. Guideline on Management of the Developing Dentition and Occlusion in Pediatric Dentistry. 2014. Im Internet: http://www aapd org/media/Policies_Guidelines/G_DevelopDentition pdf.
Koaban A, Al-Harbi SK, Al-Shehri AZ, Al-Shamri BS, Aburazizah MF, Al-Qahtani GH, et al. Current trends in pediatric orthodontics: a comprehensive review. Cureus. 2024;16(9).
Belluzzo RHL, Faltin Junior K, Lascala CE, Vianna LBR. Maxillary constriction: are there differences between anterior and posterior regions? Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics. 2012;17:1-6.
Sawchuk D, Currie K, Vich ML, Palomo JM, Flores-Mir C. Diagnostic methods for assessing maxillary skeletal and dental transverse deficiencies: A systematic review. The korean journal of orthodontics. 2016;46(5):331-42.
Bishara SE, Burkey PS, Kharouf JG. Dental and facial asymmetries: a review. The Angle Orthodontist. 1994;64(2):89-98.
Vanarsdall R, Blasi I. Applying new knowledge to the correction of the transverse dimension. Anecdote, expertise and evidence: applying new knowledge to everyday orthodontics. 2017:167-93.
Üstdal G, Bilgiç F, Küçük EB. Koruyucu Tedavilerin Ortodontideki Yeri ve Önemi. Turkiye Klinikleri Orthodontics-Special Topics. 2018;4(2):5-12.
Işık BK, Esen A, Menziletoğlu D. Cerrahi Destekli Hızlı Maksiller Genişletme: Bir Derleme. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi.141-6.
Dönmez İH, Bodur CH. Çocuklarda Kötü Ağız Alışkanlıkları ve Tedavi Yöntemleri. Çocuk Dergisi. 2020;20(3):107-14.
Seif-Eldin NF, Elkordy SA, Fayed MS, Elbeialy AR, Eid FH. Transverse skeletal effects of rapid maxillary expansion in pre and post pubertal subjects: a systematic review. Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences. 2019;7(3):467.
Andrucioli MCD, Matsumoto MAN. Transverse maxillary deficiency: treatment alternatives in face of early skeletal maturation. Dental press journal of orthodontics. 2020;25:70-9.
Jia H, Zhuang L, Zhang N, Bian Y, Li S. Comparison of skeletal maxillary transverse deficiency treated by microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion and tooth-borne expansion during the post-pubertal growth spurt stage. The Angle Orthodontist. 2021;91(1):36-45.
Patil GV, Lakhe P, Niranjane P. Maxillary expansion and its effects on circummaxillary structures: a review. Cureus. 2023;15(1).
Rutili V, Nieri M, Franceschi D, Pierleoni F, Giuntini V, Franchi L. Comparison of rapid versus slow maxillary expansion on patient-reported outcome measures in growing patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Progress in Orthodontics. 2022;23(1):47.
Atac ATA, Karasu HA, Aytac D. Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion compared with orthopedic rapid maxillary expansion. The Angle orthodontist. 2006;76(3):353-9.
Kumar A. Evaluation of rapid, slow, and mini implant assisted rapid maxillary expansion-A literature review.
Doruk C, Bicakci AA, Basciftci FA, Agar U, Babacan H. A comparison of the effects of rapid maxillary expansion and fan-type rapid maxillary expansion on dentofacial structures. The Angle Orthodontist. 2004;74(2):184-94.
Shoaib H, Hafez A, Fouda M. Expansion changes by removable quad helix appliance on constricted maxilla in growing patients. J Basic Appl Sci. 2017;11:171-7.
Venkateshwaran K, Kaur S, Shaon S. Slow maxillary expansion: A review. International Journal of Health Sciences.303-14.
Angelieri F, Franchi L, Cevidanes LH, Bueno-Silva B, McNamara Jr JA. Prediction of rapid maxillary expansion by assessing the maturation of the midpalatal suture on cone beam CT. Dental press journal of orthodontics. 2016;21(06):115-25.
Kumari BP, Kumari NR. Loss of space and changes in the dental arch after premature loss of the lower primary molar: a longitudinal study. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2006;24(2):90-6.
Haas A. Mixed dentition orthodontic treatment. Journal of clinical orthodontics: JCO. 1973;7(4):227.
Cameron CG, Franchi L, Baccetti T, McNamara Jr JA. Long-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion: a posteroanterior cephalometric evaluation. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics. 2002;121(2):129-35.
Ekström C, Henrikson CO, Jensen R. Mineralization in the midpalatal suture after orthodontic expansion. American journal of orthodontics. 1977;71(4):449-55.
Cosgun A, Altan H. Treatment of anterior dental crossbite with different methods in the early mixed dentition period: report of two cases. Journal of Pediatric Dentistry. 2020;6(2):61.
Yaseen SM, Acharya R. Hexa helix: modified quad helix appliance to correct anterior and posterior crossbites in mixed dentition. Case Reports in Dentistry. 2012;2012(1):860385.
Borrie F, Bearn D. Early correction of anterior crossbites: a systematic review. Journal of orthodontics. 2011;38(3):175-84.
Vithanaarachchi S, Nawarathna L. Prevalence of anterior cross bite in preadolescent orthodontic patients attending an orthodontic clinic. Ceylon Medical Journal. 2017;62(3).
Prakash P, Durgesh B. Anterior Crossbite Correction in Early Mixed Dentition Period Using Catlan′ s Appliance: A Case Report. International Scholarly Research Notices. 2011;2011(1):298931.
Väkiparta MK, Kerosuo HM, Nyström ME, Heikinheimo KA-K. Orthodontic treatment need from eight to 12 years of age in an early treatment oriented public health care system: a prospective study. The Angle Orthodontist. 2005;75(3):344-9.
Dimberg L, Lennartsson B, Söderfeldt B, Bondemark L. Malocclusions in children at 3 and 7 years of age: a longitudinal study. The European Journal of Orthodontics. 2013;35(1):131-7.
Jirgensone I, Liepa A, Abeltins A. Anterior crossbite correction in primary and mixed dentition with removable inclined plane (Bruckl appliance). Stomatologija/issued by public institution" Odontologijos studija"[et al]. 2008.
Sockalingam SNM, Khan KAM, Kuppusamy E. Interceptive Correction of Anterior Crossbite Using Short‐Span Wire‐Fixed Orthodontic Appliance: A Report of Three Cases. Case reports in dentistry. 2018;2018(1):4323945.
Romanyk D, Lagravere M, Toogood R, Major P, Carey J. Review of maxillary expansion appliance activation methods: engineering and clinical perspectives. Journal of dental biomechanics. 2010;2010:496906.
Koka S. Vertical dimension of occlusion. International Journal of Prosthodontics. 2007;20(4).
Miamoto CB, Marques LS, Abreu LG, Paiva SM. Comparison of two early treatment protocols for anterior dental crossbite in the mixed dentition: A randomized trial. The Angle Orthodontist. 2018;88(2):144-50.
Okeson J. Oral Rehabilitation Does altering the occlusal vertical dimension produce temporomandibular disorders? A literature review. Journal of oral Rehabilitation. 2015;42.
Ngan P, Moon W. Evolution of Class III treatment in orthodontics. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 2015;148(1):22-36.
Rabie A, Gu Y. Diagnostic criteria for pseudo–Class III malocclusion. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 2000;117(1):1-9.
Le Gall M, Philip C, Bandon D. Le proglissement mandibulaire The functional mandibular prognathism. Archives de pédiatrie. 2009;16:77-83.
Ulusoy AT, Bodrumlu EH. Management of anterior dental crossbite with removable appliances. Contemporary clinical dentistry. 2013;4(2):223-6.
Lin M, Xie C, Yang H, Wu C, Ren A. Prevalence of malocclusion in Chinese schoolchildren from 1991 to 2018: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. International journal of paediatric dentistry. 2020;30(2):144-55.
Bindayel NA. Simple removable appliances to correct anterior and posterior crossbite in mixed dentition: Case report. The Saudi Dental Journal. 2012;24(2):105-13.
Wiedel A-P, Bondemark L. Fixed versus removable orthodontic appliances to correct anterior crossbite in the mixed dentition—a randomized controlled trial. European journal of orthodontics. 2015;37(2):123-7.
Ngan P, Hu A, Fields H. Treatment of Class III problems begins with differential diagnosis of anterior crossbites. Pediatric dentistry. 1997;19:386-95.
Erwansyah E, Sakti MW, Hidayati N. Inclined bite plane: indications and application. Makassar Dental Journal. 2020;9(3):240-2.
Rey D, Angel D, Oberti G, Baccetti T. Treatment and posttreatment effects of mandibular cervical headgear followed by fixed appliances in Class III malocclusion. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics. 2008;133(3):371-8.
ERCAN DE. Mandibular Molar Distalizasyonuna Genel Bakış. Turkiye Klinikleri Orthodontics-Special Topics. 2022;8(1):34-41.
Karcı İÇ, Akın M, Baka ZM, Özeren E. Modifiye nance apareyi ve palatinal minivida ile molar distalizasyonu: Bir olgu sunumu. Selcuk Dental Journal. 2020;7(1):104-12.
Bowman SJ. Class II combination therapy (distal jet and Jasper Jumpers): a case report. Journal of orthodontics. 2000;27(3):213-8.
Bondemark L, Karlsson I. Extraoral vs intraoral appliance for distal movement of maxillary first molars. The Angle Orthodontist. 2005;75(5):699-706.
Chiu PP, McNamara Jr JA, Franchi L. A comparison of two intraoral molar distalization appliances: distal jet versus pendulum. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 2005;128(3):353-65.
Brickman CD, Sinha PK, Nanda RS. Evaluation of the Jones jig appliance for distal molar movement. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics. 2000;118(5):526-34.
Oğuz F, Özden S, Cicek O. Distalization methods for maxillary molars utilizing temporary anchorage devices (TADs): a narrative review. Applied Sciences. 2024;14(23):11333.
Papageorgiou SN, Kutschera E, Memmert S, Gölz L, Jäger A, Bourauel C, Eliades T. Effectiveness of early orthopaedic treatment with headgear: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Orthodontics. 2017;39(2):176-87.
da Costa Grec RH, Janson G, Branco NC, Moura-Grec PG, Patel MP, Henriques JFC. Intraoral distalizer effects with conventional and skeletal anchorage: a meta-analysis. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 2013;143(5):602-15.
Serafin M, Fastuca R, Castellani E, Caprioglio A. Occlusal plane changes after molar distalization with a pendulum appliance in growing patients with Class II malocclusion: a retrospective cephalometric study. Turkish Journal of Orthodontics. 2021;34(1):10.
da Silva FLGR, Barbosa HAM, de Oliveira DTN, de Magalhães Bertoz AP, Júnior KF, Bigliazzi R. Dental changes in Class II patients treated with Pendex appliance: a prospective study. ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION. 2016;5(4).
Alogaibi YA, Al-Fraidi AA, Alhajrasi MK, Alkhathami SS, Hatrom A, Afify AR. Distalization in orthodontics: A review and case series. Case Reports in Dentistry. 2021;2021(1):8843959.
Kinzinger G, Gross U, Diedrich P. Fixed Lingual Arch Appliance for Compliance-Free Unilateral Molar Distalization in the Mandible Three Case Studies: Three Case Studies. Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics/Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie. 2000;61(6):440-9.
Byloff F, Darendeliler MA, Stoff F. Mandibular molar distalization with the Franzulum Appliance. Journal of clinical orthodontics: JCO. 2000;34(9):518-23.
Bergersen EO. A cephalometric study of the clinical use of the mandibular labial bumper. American Journal of Orthodontics. 1972;61(6):578-602.
Kim S-J, Choi T-H, Baik H-S, Park Y-C, Lee K-J. Mandibular posterior anatomic limit for molar distalization. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 2014;146(2):190-7.
